震灾伤员救治医务人员再次应对大地震的心理应激反应研究
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摘要
目的分析震灾伤员救治医务人员再次应对大地震的心理应激反应,探索构建提高我国震灾救援医务人员心理应对能力的模式。方法汶川地震发生后,对医务人员进行及时的心理干预、灾害医疗护理培训等综合措施。采用方便抽样的方法抽取参与汶川及玉树两次震灾伤员救治的骨外科医务人员作为研究对象进行自身前后对照,采用症状自评量表(SCL-90),由心理咨询师采用统一、规范的指导语指导调查对象完成调查问卷,比较分析骨外科医务人员在汶川和玉树地震发生后1周的心理状况。结果同一震灾伤员救治医务人员在参与玉树与汶川地震救治1周后,其SCL-90的各因子均值、因子阳性项目数及心理问题发生率等存在显著差异,其恐怖心理显著降低。结论能够增强医务人员再次面对大地震的心理应对能力,对震灾伤员提供更有效的救援。
OBJECTIVE To compare and analyze the mental status of medical staff after treating the victims in Wenchuan earthquake and Yushu earthquake,and to explore the systematic measures to enhance the coping capability of medical staff in earthquake saving.METHODS Self-controlled trial study was used to choose staff in the Orthopedics Department who had treated the victims in Wenchuan earthquake and Yushu earthquake as eligible subjects with convenient sampling.The research tool was Symptom Checklist-90.This questionnaire was done by participants with the same psychological instruction as before,and we compared the outcomes of the two questionnaires.RESULTS The average of all factor analysis and the incidence of psychological problems of the orthopedic staff in Yushu earthquake were significantly lower than in Wenchuan earthquake(P﹤0.05).CONCLUSION After the huge earthquake,giving the medical staff mental interventions and disaster medicine training in time could enhance the coping capability of medical staff in earthquake saving.
OBJECTIVE To compare and analyze the mental status of medical staff after treating the victims in Wenchuan earthquake and Yushu earthquake,and to explore the systematic measures to enhance the coping capability of medical staff in earthquake saving.METHODS Self-controlled trial study was used to choose staff in the Orthopedics Department who had treated the victims in Wenchuan earthquake and Yushu earthquake as eligible subjects with convenient sampling.The research tool was Symptom Checklist-90.This questionnaire was done by participants with the same psychological instruction as before,and we compared the outcomes of the two questionnaires.RESULTS The average of all factor analysis and the incidence of psychological problems of the orthopedic staff in Yushu earthquake were significantly lower than in Wenchuan earthquake(P﹤0.05).CONCLUSION After the huge earthquake,giving the medical staff mental interventions and disaster medicine training in time could enhance the coping capability of medical staff in earthquake saving.
引文
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[15]郭健,贺少枫.军队灾害医学教育的重要性及对策[J].现代预防医学,2010,37(7):1324-1325.
[16]石红丽.构建灾害护理学教育体系的思考[J].全科护理,2009,7(12B):3276.
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[18]沙冕.国外心理技能训练(MST)程序的传递与周期化心理技能训练研究[J].吉林体育学院学报,2010,26(2):104-105.
[2]张明园.精神科评定量表手册[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1998.4.
[3]李扬,刘萍,李慧娟.城市初一学生SCL-90测定结果分析[J].科技信息(学术研究),2008,149(7):255-256.
[4]Lazarus,R.S.Appraisal,Coping,Health Status,and Psychologi-cal Symptoms[J].Personality and Social Psychology,1986,50(3):571-579.
[5]Cox E,Briggs S.Disaster nursing-new frontiers for critical care[J].Critical Care Nurse,2004,24(3):16-22.
[6]Littleton-Kearney MT,Slepski LA.Directions for disaster nursing education in t he United States[J].Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America,2008,20(1):103.
[7]Shih F J,Liao Y C,Chan S M,et al.The Impact of the9-21Earthquake Experiences of Taiwanese Nurses as Rescuers[J].Soc Sci Med,2002,55(4):659-672.
[8]刘婷,臧渝梨,娄凤兰.地震后心理社会救护教育培训的现状[J].护理学杂志,2009,24(6):92-94.
[9]寇冬泉,黄技.心理应对能力及其培养[J].教育导刊,2007,9(1):24-26。
[10]俞磊.应付的理论、研究思路和应用[J].心理科学,1994,17(3):169-174.
[11]成翼娟,方进博,黄丹莉.从汶川地震看我国灾害专科护士培养[J].护士进修杂志,2009,24(13):1170-1172.
[12]陈林,臧渝梨,刘文,等.地震灾害护理术语研究[J].中国实用护理杂志,2009,25(2):27-29.
[13]管晓萍,张利岩,王颖,等.从参与国际灾害救援看全科护理需求[J].中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志,2007,2(3):188-190.
[14]成翼娟,刘素珍,李继平,等.护士对地震灾害护理培训的需求[J].中华护理杂志,2009,44(7):595-597.
[15]郭健,贺少枫.军队灾害医学教育的重要性及对策[J].现代预防医学,2010,37(7):1324-1325.
[16]石红丽.构建灾害护理学教育体系的思考[J].全科护理,2009,7(12B):3276.
[17]许景灿,郭巧红,任小红.灾害护理学的发展现状和展望[J].护理研究,2010,24(3):659-661.
[18]沙冕.国外心理技能训练(MST)程序的传递与周期化心理技能训练研究[J].吉林体育学院学报,2010,26(2):104-105.
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