芦山地震后1周0～4岁婴幼儿情绪行为反应
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摘要
目的调查4.20芦山地震后1周0～4岁婴幼儿情绪行为反应及其与看护人情绪的关系,为婴幼儿灾后心理干预提供实践指导。方法震后1周,采用方便抽样方法抽取芦山县城、龙门乡、清仁乡、双石乡等地0～4岁婴幼儿及其看护人共107对,采用自编婴幼儿症状评定问卷、SAS及SDS分别对婴幼儿及其看护人进行心理测量,并完成访谈和后续有针对性的心理辅导。结果①92.50%的婴幼儿出现至少1种明显的情绪行为反应,其中前三位分别是睡眠不安稳(80.40%)、黏住父母(74.80%)和食欲改变(72.00%)。②20.80%看护人有不同程度的焦虑症状,47.10%有不同程度的抑郁症状;60岁及以上看护人SAS和SDS评分明显高于60岁以下者(P<0.05)。③震中龙门乡婴幼儿情绪行为反应评分高于非震中婴幼儿(P<0.05),非父母照料婴幼儿情绪行为反应评分高于父母照料者(P<0.01)。④婴幼儿情绪行为反应评分与看护人SAS、SDS评分呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论芦山地震1周后0～4岁婴幼儿情绪和行为反应明显,检出率高;婴幼儿由其父母看护更有利于其身心健康。
Objective Investigating the emotional and behavioral changes of infants after one week of the 4. 20 Lushan earthquake,and the relationship between caregivers' emotion with the changes. The results provide practice guidance to post-dis-aster psychological intervention of infants and their caregivers. Methods There are 107 pairs of infants and caregivers who are living in the tents of LuShan urban area,Longmen township,Qingren township and Shuangshi township joined in the research by convenience sampling method. We use the self-made infant symptom assessment questionnaire,SAS and SDS to interview and survey infants aged from 0 to 4 and their caregivers respectively,then provide subsequent targeted psychological guidance. Results ①92. 5% of children show different emotional and behavioral changes. The top three symptoms are unsafe sleep( 80.4% ) , stick to their parents(74.8% ) and appetite changes(72. 0% ) . ②20. 8% of caregivers show different degrees of anxiety and 47. 1% show different degrees of depression. The SAS and SDS scores of caregivers who are≥60 years old are higher. ③The emo-tional and behavioral reaction of infants in LongMen township where is the epicenter of Lushan earthquake are significantly higher than in other areas(P<0. 05) . The symptom scores of infants whose caregivers are their parents is lower than non-parents(p<0. 01) . ④Caregiver's emotional state and the symptom of infants are positively correlated. Conclusion It's obviously that infants who have experienced Lushan earthquake for one week show a lot of emotional and behavioral symptoms,and the detection rate is higher. It is more appropriate to let their parents take care of their infants by themselves in this period.
Objective Investigating the emotional and behavioral changes of infants after one week of the 4. 20 Lushan earthquake,and the relationship between caregivers' emotion with the changes. The results provide practice guidance to post-dis-aster psychological intervention of infants and their caregivers. Methods There are 107 pairs of infants and caregivers who are living in the tents of LuShan urban area,Longmen township,Qingren township and Shuangshi township joined in the research by convenience sampling method. We use the self-made infant symptom assessment questionnaire,SAS and SDS to interview and survey infants aged from 0 to 4 and their caregivers respectively,then provide subsequent targeted psychological guidance. Results ①92. 5% of children show different emotional and behavioral changes. The top three symptoms are unsafe sleep( 80.4% ) , stick to their parents(74.8% ) and appetite changes(72. 0% ) . ②20. 8% of caregivers show different degrees of anxiety and 47. 1% show different degrees of depression. The SAS and SDS scores of caregivers who are≥60 years old are higher. ③The emo-tional and behavioral reaction of infants in LongMen township where is the epicenter of Lushan earthquake are significantly higher than in other areas(P<0. 05) . The symptom scores of infants whose caregivers are their parents is lower than non-parents(p<0. 01) . ④Caregiver's emotional state and the symptom of infants are positively correlated. Conclusion It's obviously that infants who have experienced Lushan earthquake for one week show a lot of emotional and behavioral symptoms,and the detection rate is higher. It is more appropriate to let their parents take care of their infants by themselves in this period.
引文
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2刘斌志.地震后灾区儿童心理应激障碍表现及疏导对策[J].中国公共卫生,2008,24(10):1153～1154.
3张作记.行为医学量表手册[M].北京:中华医学电子音像出版社会,2005:213～224.
4施红梅,祝捷,邱卓英,等.自然灾害引发的儿童心理障碍及其心理康复[J].中国康复理论与实践,2008,14(7):683～686.
5黄国平.彩虹重现-地震之后的生活[M].北京:中国工商出版社,2009.
6Shin LM,Liberzon I.The neuroeircuitry of fear,stress and anxiety disorders[J].Neuropsychopharmacology,2010,35(1):169～191.
7刘梦奇,吴杞柱,李峻,等.儿童及青少年创伤后应激障碍的杏仁体磁共振波谱研究[J].放射学实践,2012,27(7):702～705.
8旃培艳,施琪嘉.创伤后应激障碍的神经生物学进展[J].神经损伤与功能重建,2010,11(5):457～459.
9王学义,张本,孙贺祥,等.唐山大地震对胎儿神经心理发育影响的初步研究[J].中国心理卫生杂志,1999,13(5):292～294.
10王丽萍,张本,姜涛,等.唐山地震孤儿30年后心理健康状况调查[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2009,23(8):558～563.
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