四川省青海田鼠疫源地地震前后蚤类种群变化
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摘要
目的分析地震前后四川省青海田鼠疫源地媒介蚤类种群变化,为做好鼠防工作提供对策。方法统计、分析四川省2005-2011年期间的鼠疫调查与监测资料。结果调查发现青海田鼠平均密度191.43只/ha,地震前后媒介蚤均以细钩盖蚤为主,占67.34%和61.56%,直缘双蚤指名亚种次之,占30.82%和38.12%,青海田鼠寄生蚤染蚤率地震前的9月(54.2%)和地震后的6月(55.24%)较高,而蚤指数以震前的9月(1.00)和震后5月(1.29)较高,染蚤率或蚤指数有一定的季节变化。检验媒介蚤8种、12 922匹,分离鼠疫菌3株,感染鼠疫的媒介蚤为细钩盖蚤。结论地震前后四川省青海田鼠疫源地蚤类种群有一定变化,地震前后染疫媒介蚤均有细菌分离,说明青海田鼠动物鼠疫持续存在,提示继续加强监测,严防人间鼠疫发生。
Objective To provide strategies for plague prevention and control,based on the analysis of population variation of the vole flea on Microtus fuscus foci in Sichuan Province.Methods Monitoring data of plague through 2005 to 2011 was collected and analyzed.Results Average density of Microtus fuscus was 191.43 /ha;Callopsylla sparsilis were main fleas,accounting for 67.34% and 61.56% before and after earthquake correspondingly;followed by Amphipsylla tuta tuta,accounting for 30.82% and 38.12% respectively.Microtus fuscus vole flea infected rate was relatively high before the earthquake in September(54.2%) and in June of the following year(55.24%);flea index was relatively high before the earthquake in September(1.00) and higher after the earthquake in May of the following year(1.29);both flea-infected rate and Flea index were fluctuated seasonally.Eight vector flea species(total of 12 922) were tested and 3 stocks of Yersinia pestis were separated.Callopsylla sparsiclis were infected by the plague vector fleas.Conclusion Microtus fuscus foci population of the fleas changed to some extent before and after the earthquake;the vector fleas were infected by Yersinia pestis before and after the earthquake,indicating that animal plague for Microtus fuscus persisted continuously.The results suggest the surveillance work should be intensified to prevent occurrence of human plague.
Objective To provide strategies for plague prevention and control,based on the analysis of population variation of the vole flea on Microtus fuscus foci in Sichuan Province.Methods Monitoring data of plague through 2005 to 2011 was collected and analyzed.Results Average density of Microtus fuscus was 191.43 /ha;Callopsylla sparsilis were main fleas,accounting for 67.34% and 61.56% before and after earthquake correspondingly;followed by Amphipsylla tuta tuta,accounting for 30.82% and 38.12% respectively.Microtus fuscus vole flea infected rate was relatively high before the earthquake in September(54.2%) and in June of the following year(55.24%);flea index was relatively high before the earthquake in September(1.00) and higher after the earthquake in May of the following year(1.29);both flea-infected rate and Flea index were fluctuated seasonally.Eight vector flea species(total of 12 922) were tested and 3 stocks of Yersinia pestis were separated.Callopsylla sparsiclis were infected by the plague vector fleas.Conclusion Microtus fuscus foci population of the fleas changed to some extent before and after the earthquake;the vector fleas were infected by Yersinia pestis before and after the earthquake,indicating that animal plague for Microtus fuscus persisted continuously.The results suggest the surveillance work should be intensified to prevent occurrence of human plague.
引文
[1]汪立茂,李富忠,薛梅,等.四川省首次检出鼠疫菌情况分析.中国地方病学杂志,2000,19(2):59.
[2]王祖郧,罗松达卫,于晓涛,等.青海省青海田鼠鼠疫自然疫源地的发现与研究[J].中国地方病学杂志,2004,23(1):69-72.
[3]蔡理芸,詹心如,吴文贞,等.青藏高原蚤日志[M].西安:陕西科学技术出版社,1997:109-326.
[4]中华人民共和国卫生行业标准-鼠疫诊断标准.WS279-2008.
[5]贺朝雄.地震灾区疾病的特点及中医药防治策略[J].医学与社会,2011,24(7):20-21.
[6]张凤顺,刘晓鹏,杨宝林,等.蚤类防治经验探讨[J].医学动物防制,2010,26(3):257-258.
[7]郑谊,李超,魏绍振,等.青海省三江源自然保护区蚤类区系分布[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2010,2(2):124-127.
[8]张荣祖.中国自然地理.动物地理[M].北京:科学出版社,979:71-81.
[9]汪立茂,宋晓玉,祝小平,等.四川省青海田鼠疫源地媒介蚤的研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2005,2(7):685-688.
[10]李超,李存香,丛显斌,等.青海田鼠主要寄生蚤媒介效能的研究[J].预防医学情报杂志,2002,18(2):97-98.
[11]GB15992-1995鼠疫控制及其考核原则与方法[S].
[2]王祖郧,罗松达卫,于晓涛,等.青海省青海田鼠鼠疫自然疫源地的发现与研究[J].中国地方病学杂志,2004,23(1):69-72.
[3]蔡理芸,詹心如,吴文贞,等.青藏高原蚤日志[M].西安:陕西科学技术出版社,1997:109-326.
[4]中华人民共和国卫生行业标准-鼠疫诊断标准.WS279-2008.
[5]贺朝雄.地震灾区疾病的特点及中医药防治策略[J].医学与社会,2011,24(7):20-21.
[6]张凤顺,刘晓鹏,杨宝林,等.蚤类防治经验探讨[J].医学动物防制,2010,26(3):257-258.
[7]郑谊,李超,魏绍振,等.青海省三江源自然保护区蚤类区系分布[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2010,2(2):124-127.
[8]张荣祖.中国自然地理.动物地理[M].北京:科学出版社,979:71-81.
[9]汪立茂,宋晓玉,祝小平,等.四川省青海田鼠疫源地媒介蚤的研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2005,2(7):685-688.
[10]李超,李存香,丛显斌,等.青海田鼠主要寄生蚤媒介效能的研究[J].预防医学情报杂志,2002,18(2):97-98.
[11]GB15992-1995鼠疫控制及其考核原则与方法[S].
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