彝良地震伤员的支持性心理干预模式
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摘要
在"9·7"彝良地震伤员集中救治的医院里,由国家卫生和计划生育委员会指派的彝良心理危机干预工作组发展了以支持性心理干预为核心的整体康复服务模式。该模式以病房心理护士作为联络者,立足于医学服务的整体性与连续性,在全面健康评估与重点评估心理创伤应激的基础上,以解决患者及照顾者的现实问题为重点,提供支持性心理干预,并借助社会心理支持服务内容量化的自评来激励心理护士对地震伤员提供的心理支持工作。在实践中,该模式能够得到医院管理者及医务工作者的积极配合,患者及家属普遍接受,具有连续心理服务的可操作性。
In the hospital where centralized treatment was applied for the victims after Yiliang earthquake(on 7th September, 2012), a holistic rehabilitation service mode which centred on supportive psychological intervention promoting was developed by the Yiliang psychological crisis intervention team designated by the National Health and Family Planning Commision of the People's Republic of China. he pattern takes psychological nurses as liaison, bases on the integrity and continuity of medical service, roots in comprehensive health assessment and key assessment of mental trauma stress, emphasizes on solving realistic problems for patients and their caregivers, provides supportive psychological intervention, and encourages psychological nurses to ofer psychological support for earthquake victims with the help of quantitative self-assessment of social psychological support service. In practice, the mode of psychological services, which could be contiuously conducted, is welcomed by hospital managers, work staf, and earthquake victims and their caregivers.
In the hospital where centralized treatment was applied for the victims after Yiliang earthquake(on 7th September, 2012), a holistic rehabilitation service mode which centred on supportive psychological intervention promoting was developed by the Yiliang psychological crisis intervention team designated by the National Health and Family Planning Commision of the People's Republic of China. he pattern takes psychological nurses as liaison, bases on the integrity and continuity of medical service, roots in comprehensive health assessment and key assessment of mental trauma stress, emphasizes on solving realistic problems for patients and their caregivers, provides supportive psychological intervention, and encourages psychological nurses to ofer psychological support for earthquake victims with the help of quantitative self-assessment of social psychological support service. In practice, the mode of psychological services, which could be contiuously conducted, is welcomed by hospital managers, work staf, and earthquake victims and their caregivers.
引文
1 陈竺,沈骥,康均行,等.特大地震应急医学救援:来自汶川的经验.中国循证医学杂志,2012,12(4):383-392.
2 成翼娟,李继平,宋锦平.汶川地震医疗救援中华西医院护理工作的组织管理.中国循证医学杂志,2008,8(6):386-388.
3 刘逸文,成翼娟,廖燕.从汶川地震紧急医疗救援实践探讨我国灾害救援护士的培养.中华护理杂志,2009,9(7):598-599.
4 刘素珍,成翼娟,李继平,等.护理人员对地震灾害护理培训需求的调查研究.护理研究,2009,23(9):774-776.
5 成翼娟,方进博,黄丹莉.从汶川地震看我国灾害专科护士培养.护士进修杂志,2009,23(13):1170-1172.
6 Winston A,Pinsker H,McCullough L.A review of supportive psychotherapy.Hospital&Community Psychiatry,1986,37(11):1105-1114.
7 Wen J,Shi YK,Li YP,et al.Quality of life,physical diseases,and psychological impairment among survivors 3 years after wenchuan earthquake:A population based survey.PloS One,2012,7(8):e43081.
8 Haagsma JA,Polinder S,Toet H,et al.Beyond the neglect of psychological consequences:post-traumatic stress disorder increases the non-fatal burden of injury by more than 50%.Injury prevention:Journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention,2011,17(1):21-26.
9 刘津,管丽丽,向虎,等.汶川地震后医疗机构提供精神卫生和心理社会支持的能力:来自四川部分地区基层医务人员的问卷调查与深入访谈.中国心理卫生杂志,2011,25(2):102-106.
10 胡宓,肖水源.汶川地震受灾地区灾后社区、乡镇卫生院工作者精神卫生服务能力评估.中国心理卫生杂志,2012,26(2):98-103.
11 Hurley J,Rankin R.As mental health nursing roles expand,is education expanding mental health nurses?An emotionally intelligent view towards preparation for psychological therapies and relatedness.Nursing Inquiry,2008,15(3):199-205.
12 Gibson J,Sloan G.Developing the general principles of psychological skills in mental health nursing.Nursing Older People,2008,20(1):31 -34;quiz 35.
13 Mueser KT,Bond GR,Drake RE,et al.Models of community care for severe mental illness:a review of research on case management.Schizophrenia Bulletin,1998,24(1):37-74.
14 Dixon LB,Dickerson F,Bellack AS,et al.The 2009 schizophrenia PORT psychosocial treatment recommendations and summary statements.Schizophrenia Bulletin,2010,36(1):48-70.
15 Cuijpers P,Driessen E,Hollon SD,et al.he eicacy of non-directive supportive therapy for adult depression:a meta-analysis.Clinical Psychology Review,2012,32(4):280-291.
16 Bradley R,Greene J,Russ E,et al.A multidimensional meta-analysis of psychotherapy for PTSD.The American Journal of Psychiatry,2005,162(2):214-227.
17 金华,吴文源,张明园.中国正常人SCL-90评定结果的初步分析.中国神经精神疾病杂志,1986,12(5):260-263.
18 Sheehan DV,Lecrubier Y,Sheehan KH,et al.The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview(M.I.N.I.):the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSMIV and ICD-10.he Journal of Clinical Psychiatry,1998,59(Suppl20 ):22-33;quiz 34-57.
19 司天梅,舒良,党卫民,等.简明国际神经精神访谈中文版的临床信效度.中国心理卫生杂志,2009,23(7):493-497,503.
20 Ruggiero KJ,Del Ben K,Scotti JR,et al.Psychometric properties of the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version.Journal of Traumatic Stress,2003,16(5):495-502.
21 赵高锋,杨彦春,张强,等.汶川地震极重灾区社区居民创伤后应激障碍发生率及影响因素.中国心理卫生杂志,2009,23(7):478-483.
22 Zhang N,Zhang Y,Wu K,et al.Factor structure of the Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale among children and adolescents who survived the 2008 Sichuan earthquake in China.Scandinavian Journal of Psychology,2011,52(3):236-241.
23 汪智艳,高隽,邓晶,等.修订版儿童事件影响量表在地震灾区初中学生中的信效度.中国心理卫生杂志,2010,24(6):463-466.
24 Olaz F,Hatipoglu S,Aydin H.Efectiveness of psychoeducation intervention on post-traumatic stress disorder and coping styles of earthquake survivors.Journal of Clinical Nursing,2008,17(5):677-687.
2 成翼娟,李继平,宋锦平.汶川地震医疗救援中华西医院护理工作的组织管理.中国循证医学杂志,2008,8(6):386-388.
3 刘逸文,成翼娟,廖燕.从汶川地震紧急医疗救援实践探讨我国灾害救援护士的培养.中华护理杂志,2009,9(7):598-599.
4 刘素珍,成翼娟,李继平,等.护理人员对地震灾害护理培训需求的调查研究.护理研究,2009,23(9):774-776.
5 成翼娟,方进博,黄丹莉.从汶川地震看我国灾害专科护士培养.护士进修杂志,2009,23(13):1170-1172.
6 Winston A,Pinsker H,McCullough L.A review of supportive psychotherapy.Hospital&Community Psychiatry,1986,37(11):1105-1114.
7 Wen J,Shi YK,Li YP,et al.Quality of life,physical diseases,and psychological impairment among survivors 3 years after wenchuan earthquake:A population based survey.PloS One,2012,7(8):e43081.
8 Haagsma JA,Polinder S,Toet H,et al.Beyond the neglect of psychological consequences:post-traumatic stress disorder increases the non-fatal burden of injury by more than 50%.Injury prevention:Journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention,2011,17(1):21-26.
9 刘津,管丽丽,向虎,等.汶川地震后医疗机构提供精神卫生和心理社会支持的能力:来自四川部分地区基层医务人员的问卷调查与深入访谈.中国心理卫生杂志,2011,25(2):102-106.
10 胡宓,肖水源.汶川地震受灾地区灾后社区、乡镇卫生院工作者精神卫生服务能力评估.中国心理卫生杂志,2012,26(2):98-103.
11 Hurley J,Rankin R.As mental health nursing roles expand,is education expanding mental health nurses?An emotionally intelligent view towards preparation for psychological therapies and relatedness.Nursing Inquiry,2008,15(3):199-205.
12 Gibson J,Sloan G.Developing the general principles of psychological skills in mental health nursing.Nursing Older People,2008,20(1):31 -34;quiz 35.
13 Mueser KT,Bond GR,Drake RE,et al.Models of community care for severe mental illness:a review of research on case management.Schizophrenia Bulletin,1998,24(1):37-74.
14 Dixon LB,Dickerson F,Bellack AS,et al.The 2009 schizophrenia PORT psychosocial treatment recommendations and summary statements.Schizophrenia Bulletin,2010,36(1):48-70.
15 Cuijpers P,Driessen E,Hollon SD,et al.he eicacy of non-directive supportive therapy for adult depression:a meta-analysis.Clinical Psychology Review,2012,32(4):280-291.
16 Bradley R,Greene J,Russ E,et al.A multidimensional meta-analysis of psychotherapy for PTSD.The American Journal of Psychiatry,2005,162(2):214-227.
17 金华,吴文源,张明园.中国正常人SCL-90评定结果的初步分析.中国神经精神疾病杂志,1986,12(5):260-263.
18 Sheehan DV,Lecrubier Y,Sheehan KH,et al.The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview(M.I.N.I.):the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSMIV and ICD-10.he Journal of Clinical Psychiatry,1998,59(Suppl20 ):22-33;quiz 34-57.
19 司天梅,舒良,党卫民,等.简明国际神经精神访谈中文版的临床信效度.中国心理卫生杂志,2009,23(7):493-497,503.
20 Ruggiero KJ,Del Ben K,Scotti JR,et al.Psychometric properties of the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version.Journal of Traumatic Stress,2003,16(5):495-502.
21 赵高锋,杨彦春,张强,等.汶川地震极重灾区社区居民创伤后应激障碍发生率及影响因素.中国心理卫生杂志,2009,23(7):478-483.
22 Zhang N,Zhang Y,Wu K,et al.Factor structure of the Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale among children and adolescents who survived the 2008 Sichuan earthquake in China.Scandinavian Journal of Psychology,2011,52(3):236-241.
23 汪智艳,高隽,邓晶,等.修订版儿童事件影响量表在地震灾区初中学生中的信效度.中国心理卫生杂志,2010,24(6):463-466.
24 Olaz F,Hatipoglu S,Aydin H.Efectiveness of psychoeducation intervention on post-traumatic stress disorder and coping styles of earthquake survivors.Journal of Clinical Nursing,2008,17(5):677-687.
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