地震伤员救治初期医院感染的预防与控制
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摘要
目的调查4.20四川雅安地震后救治地震伤员的医疗机构医院感染预防与控制工作现状,发现预防与控制工作的关键环节与措施,从而积累预防与控制经验。方法由医院感染管理专家对灾区医疗机构进行现场调查,并与相关人员进行交流。结果调查发现8所医院及两所乡镇卫生院根据各自条件和救治患者的特点,开展了相应的医院感染预防与控制工作;同时还发现预防地震伤员发生医源性感染,感染控制应加强临时帐篷诊疗区域的管理,做到合理布局,患者分类安置;医院感染预防和控制与医疗救治应同时开展;开展伤员医源性感染风险的评估、监测和预防与控制措施落实依从性的监管;加强对伤员和陪护人员的管理等。结论在地震伤员医疗救治中医院感染预防与控制工作的及早介入,开展地震伤员感染风险评估和监测,加强手卫生、消毒与隔离等感染控制措施依从性的监管等,对于预防地震伤员的医源性感染具有至关重要的作用。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the situation of infection control in the health-care facilities after 4.20earthquake in Yaan,Sichuan province and to summarize the key segments and measures to prevent and control healthcare-associated infections(HAI).METHODS The onsite investigation was conducted by the infection control specialists,and the view was exchanged between the local health-care workers.RESULTS In the 8investigated hospitals and 2other healthcare facilities,infection prevention and control measures were conducted according to their own situation.The following experience had been summarized.Firstly in hospital tents,rational distribution and proper placement of the patients were key measures.Secondly,the infection prevention and control should be conducted as soon as the treatment of the victims began.Thirdly,infection risk assessment,surveillance and supervision of the infection control measures implementation should be conducted.Fourthly,management and education of patients and their carers were important.CONCLUSION The following measures are crucial to the prevention of HAI:early infection control measures,risk assessment and surveillance of infections among earthquake victims,proper hand hygiene,disinfection and isolation measures,etc.
OBJECTIVE To investigate the situation of infection control in the health-care facilities after 4.20earthquake in Yaan,Sichuan province and to summarize the key segments and measures to prevent and control healthcare-associated infections(HAI).METHODS The onsite investigation was conducted by the infection control specialists,and the view was exchanged between the local health-care workers.RESULTS In the 8investigated hospitals and 2other healthcare facilities,infection prevention and control measures were conducted according to their own situation.The following experience had been summarized.Firstly in hospital tents,rational distribution and proper placement of the patients were key measures.Secondly,the infection prevention and control should be conducted as soon as the treatment of the victims began.Thirdly,infection risk assessment,surveillance and supervision of the infection control measures implementation should be conducted.Fourthly,management and education of patients and their carers were important.CONCLUSION The following measures are crucial to the prevention of HAI:early infection control measures,risk assessment and surveillance of infections among earthquake victims,proper hand hygiene,disinfection and isolation measures,etc.
引文
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[2]Onciil O,Keskin O,Acar HV,et al.Hospital-acquired infections following the 1999Marmara earthquake[J].J Hosp Infect,2002,51(1):47-51.
[3]乔甫,谭成,曾智,等.汶川地震医疗救援中华西医院急诊预检分诊的管理[J].中国循证医学杂志,2008,8(12):1136-1137.
[6]邓小华,朱仁义,何建邯,等.5.12汶川大地震对都江堰市医疗机构医院感染预防控制的影响与对策[J].中华医院感染学杂志,2010,20(12):1740-1742.
[5]冯琦,王东,杨薇,等.5.12汶川大地震医疗救治中医院感染预防与控制[J].中国感染控制杂志,2008,7(4):225-228.
[2]Onciil O,Keskin O,Acar HV,et al.Hospital-acquired infections following the 1999Marmara earthquake[J].J Hosp Infect,2002,51(1):47-51.
[3]乔甫,谭成,曾智,等.汶川地震医疗救援中华西医院急诊预检分诊的管理[J].中国循证医学杂志,2008,8(12):1136-1137.
[6]邓小华,朱仁义,何建邯,等.5.12汶川大地震对都江堰市医疗机构医院感染预防控制的影响与对策[J].中华医院感染学杂志,2010,20(12):1740-1742.
[5]冯琦,王东,杨薇,等.5.12汶川大地震医疗救治中医院感染预防与控制[J].中国感染控制杂志,2008,7(4):225-228.
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