“5.12”地震三年后北川县地震亲历者心理应激水平评估
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摘要
目的探讨"5.12"地震三年后北川县地震亲历者心理应激水平及其影响因素。方法以自制一般情况调查表、创伤后应激障碍筛查量表(PCL-C)为调查工具,采用系统抽样方法,评估北川县605名地震亲历者的心理应激水平及其相关影响因素。结果地震三年后北川县地震亲历者中11.2%发生创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)。PTSD阳性者以反复重现体验和警觉性增高为常见症状。PTSD影响因素的Logistic回归分析显示:女性、财产损失重、有亲友死亡是PTSD发生的危险因素,其OR值分别为:2.848、1.778、3.297。结论地震三年后北川县地震亲历者的心理应激水平虽有所改善,但仍不容乐观。应重点关注女性、财产损失重、有亲友死亡的亲历者及反复重现体验和警觉性增高等症状。
Objective To investigate the posttraumatic symptom of survivors in the "5.12"earthquake and its influencing factors.Methods Six hundred and five earthquake survivors from Beichuan District were interviewed by systematic sampling method.Posttraumatic symptoms and demographic source were measured using the PTSD Checklist Civilian Version(PCL-C) and self-questionnaire.Results The prevalence of PTSD is 11.2%.Survivors who suffer from PTSD commonly behave re-experiencing trauma and hyper arousal.The logistic regression shows that victims who have lost family members,who are females,and who suffered huge losses of property in this earthquake are the dangerous factors of PTSD.The results of OR are 2.848,1.778 and 3.297 respectively.Conclusion Posttraumatic symptoms are still common among victims three years after "5.12" Earthquake.Some efficient measures regarding the different survivors should be taken.Victims who have lost family members,who are females,and who suffered huge losses of property,should be paid more attention.Re-experiencing trauma and hyper arousal are symptoms that deserve our main concern.
Objective To investigate the posttraumatic symptom of survivors in the "5.12"earthquake and its influencing factors.Methods Six hundred and five earthquake survivors from Beichuan District were interviewed by systematic sampling method.Posttraumatic symptoms and demographic source were measured using the PTSD Checklist Civilian Version(PCL-C) and self-questionnaire.Results The prevalence of PTSD is 11.2%.Survivors who suffer from PTSD commonly behave re-experiencing trauma and hyper arousal.The logistic regression shows that victims who have lost family members,who are females,and who suffered huge losses of property in this earthquake are the dangerous factors of PTSD.The results of OR are 2.848,1.778 and 3.297 respectively.Conclusion Posttraumatic symptoms are still common among victims three years after "5.12" Earthquake.Some efficient measures regarding the different survivors should be taken.Victims who have lost family members,who are females,and who suffered huge losses of property,should be paid more attention.Re-experiencing trauma and hyper arousal are symptoms that deserve our main concern.
引文
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13赵高锋,杨彦春,张强,等.汶川地震极重灾区社区居民创伤后应激障碍发生率及影响因素[J].应激与心理健康,2009,7(3):478-483.
14 KUO H W,WU S J,MA T C,et al.Posttraumaticsymptoms were worst among quake victims with injuriesfollowing the Chi-chi quake in Taiwan[J].J PsychosomRes,2007,62(4):495-500.
15袁茵,毛文君,杨德华.汶川地震丧亲与非丧亲者PTSD、焦虑和抑郁的对比研究[J].中华行为医学与脑科学杂志,2009,12(11):1109-1111.
2 KADRI N,BERRADA S,DOUAB S,et al.Post-traumaticstress disorder in survivors of the Agadirearthquake(Morocco)in 1960[J].Encephale,2006,32(2Pt1):215-216.
3张本,张凤阁,王丽萍,等.30年后唐山地震所致孤儿创伤后应激障碍现患率调查[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2008,22(6):469.
4 JORDAN N N,HOGE C W,TOBLER S K,et al.Mentalhealth impact of 9.11 Pentagon attack:Validation of arapid assessment tool[J].Am J Prev Med,2004,26(4):284-293.
5孙倩,孙学礼,李静,等.汶川地震灾区灾民睡眠障碍流行病学调查[J].现代预防医学,2010,37(3):512-518.
6 WEATHERS F W,LITZ B T,HERMAN D S,et al.ThePTSD checklist:reliability,validity and diagnosticcutility[C]//Paper presented at the annual meeting of theinternational society for traumatic stress studies.SanAntonio:TX,1993.
7王波,王安辉,承海,等.地震灾区居民创伤应激障碍调查[J].中国公共卫生,2009,25(9):1067-1068.
8毛文君,袁茵,冉茂盛.都江堰地震灾后安置点人群心理健康状态分析[J].四川医学,2009,30(6):970-972.
9 FROM E B,STREET G P.Women and traumatic events[J].J Clin Psychiatry,2001,62(suppl17):29-34.
10赵承智,李俊福,王明山,等.地震后17个月受灾青少年PTSD及其相关因素[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2001,15(3):145-151.
11 BRESLAU N.Outcomes o f posttraumatic stress disorder[J].J Clin Psychiatry,2001,62(17):55-59.PMID:11495098.
12久留一郎,罗丹.灾难受害者的心理与社会支持[J].湖南医科大学学报:社会科学版,2000,4(14):79-82.
13赵高锋,杨彦春,张强,等.汶川地震极重灾区社区居民创伤后应激障碍发生率及影响因素[J].应激与心理健康,2009,7(3):478-483.
14 KUO H W,WU S J,MA T C,et al.Posttraumaticsymptoms were worst among quake victims with injuriesfollowing the Chi-chi quake in Taiwan[J].J PsychosomRes,2007,62(4):495-500.
15袁茵,毛文君,杨德华.汶川地震丧亲与非丧亲者PTSD、焦虑和抑郁的对比研究[J].中华行为医学与脑科学杂志,2009,12(11):1109-1111.
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