芦山地震震后2周应急医学救援时效与绩效评估
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摘要
目的评价震后1～14天芦山地震应急医学救援的时效与绩效,验证和完善汶川经验,为全球类似地震应急医学救援提供有益参考。方法收集整理震后14天内官方信息通报、公开文件资料、新闻发布、网站信息等数据,并检索国内外地震医学救援相关文献,系统回顾、描述性分析芦山地震应急医学救援的时效和绩效。结果基于汶川经验,芦山地震应急医学救援的特点为:①科学评估灾情与伤情,合理调度人力、资金与物资,以省内区域力量救援为主;②"四集中"治疗危重伤员,创造了震后14天集中治疗0死亡的新记录;③检验、丰富和完善汶川、玉树与彝良地震应急医学救援经验,为全球地震医学救援提供循证决策的一手证据。
Objective We evaluated effectiveness and performance of medical rescue after Lushan earthquake during 2 weeks,and enriched Wenchuan lessons to provide useful references for emergency medical rescue(EMR) after similar earthquake worldwide.Methods We collected and analyzed official information,public documents,news release,and relevant information from websites,and then we systematically reviewed and descriptively analyzed all included literature of EMR after earthquake(domestic and foreign).Results Learned from Wenchuan earthquake,EMR for Lushan earthquake were characterized as: a) Assess the situations of quake damage and injuries were scientifically assessed;human resources,funds and materials were reasonably distributed;and the EMR relied mainly on regional rescue power of Sichuan province.b) Patients' with critical injuries were treated using "Four concentration treatment principles",which resulted in a new medical record of zero death,14 days after the earthquake.c) The experience of EMR after Lushan earthquake verified,enriched and improved lessons from Wenchuan,Yushu and Yiliang earthquake,which provided first-hand references of evidence-based decision making for earthquake EMR worldwide.
Objective We evaluated effectiveness and performance of medical rescue after Lushan earthquake during 2 weeks,and enriched Wenchuan lessons to provide useful references for emergency medical rescue(EMR) after similar earthquake worldwide.Methods We collected and analyzed official information,public documents,news release,and relevant information from websites,and then we systematically reviewed and descriptively analyzed all included literature of EMR after earthquake(domestic and foreign).Results Learned from Wenchuan earthquake,EMR for Lushan earthquake were characterized as: a) Assess the situations of quake damage and injuries were scientifically assessed;human resources,funds and materials were reasonably distributed;and the EMR relied mainly on regional rescue power of Sichuan province.b) Patients' with critical injuries were treated using "Four concentration treatment principles",which resulted in a new medical record of zero death,14 days after the earthquake.c) The experience of EMR after Lushan earthquake verified,enriched and improved lessons from Wenchuan,Yushu and Yiliang earthquake,which provided first-hand references of evidence-based decision making for earthquake EMR worldwide.
引文
1四川省卫生厅网站. 紧急响应 迅速行动——四川省“4·20”芦山7.0级地震医疗卫生救援情况(1-25期) (4月20日—5月3日).
2卫生与计划生育委员会网站. 雅安抗震救灾医学救援工作动态(4月20日—5月3日).
3李为民, 敬静. 四川大学华西医院芦山地震应急医学救援纪实. 中国循证医学杂志, 2013, 13(5): 497-500.
4Roces MC, White ME, Dayrit MM, et al. Risk factors for injuriesdue to the 1990 earthquake in Luzon, Philippines. Bull World HealthOrgan, 1992, 70(4): 509-514.
5Schultz CH, Koenig KL, Noji EK. A medical disaster response toreduce immediate mortality after an earthquake. N Engl J Med, 1996, 334(7): 438-444.
6Pretto EA, Angus DC, Abrams JI, et al. An analysis of prehospitalmortality in an earthquake. Disaster Reanimatology Study Group. Prehosp Disaster Med, 1994, 9(2): 107-117.
7陈竺, 沈骥, 康均行, 等. 特大地震应急医学救援: 来自汶川的经验. 中国循证医学杂志, 2012, 12(4): 383-392.
8姜洁, 李幼平, 李正懋, 等. 玉树地震卫生应急指挥绩效分析. 中国循证医学杂志, 2011, 11(4): 377-382.
2卫生与计划生育委员会网站. 雅安抗震救灾医学救援工作动态(4月20日—5月3日).
3李为民, 敬静. 四川大学华西医院芦山地震应急医学救援纪实. 中国循证医学杂志, 2013, 13(5): 497-500.
4Roces MC, White ME, Dayrit MM, et al. Risk factors for injuriesdue to the 1990 earthquake in Luzon, Philippines. Bull World HealthOrgan, 1992, 70(4): 509-514.
5Schultz CH, Koenig KL, Noji EK. A medical disaster response toreduce immediate mortality after an earthquake. N Engl J Med, 1996, 334(7): 438-444.
6Pretto EA, Angus DC, Abrams JI, et al. An analysis of prehospitalmortality in an earthquake. Disaster Reanimatology Study Group. Prehosp Disaster Med, 1994, 9(2): 107-117.
7陈竺, 沈骥, 康均行, 等. 特大地震应急医学救援: 来自汶川的经验. 中国循证医学杂志, 2012, 12(4): 383-392.
8姜洁, 李幼平, 李正懋, 等. 玉树地震卫生应急指挥绩效分析. 中国循证医学杂志, 2011, 11(4): 377-382.
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