复杂山地三维地震勘探中的现场处理技术
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摘要
在复杂山地地震勘探过程中,由于地表的复杂性,炮点和检波点偏移较多,在现场处理中,用传统的质量监控方法很难达到现场质量监控的准确性。文中主要阐述利用现有的处理监控软件形成一套新的质量控制流程——初至拟合法,从而补充完善质控程序,科学、合理、准确、高效地完成野外对炮点位置的质量监控工作;由于是复杂区资料,资料的信噪比和分辨率较低,不同位置的资料品质不同,从而加大了资料处理难度。在处理过程中,采用一些现场处理关键技术——相位调整、去噪、振幅恢复、能量补偿、优选速度、剩余静校正和叠后随机噪音衰减,达到提高资料信噪比和分辨率的目的,从而取得一定的效果。
During the seismic prospecting in complex mountainous areas, complex surface leads to more shot point and geophone station offset. So it is very difficult to control field quality precisely with conventional methods. This paper mainly elaborates a new set of quality control flow using existing software---first break fitting, thus completing the quality control procedure and accomplishing quality control of shot point location in the fields. Due to the complexity of the areas, signal-to-noise ratio and resolution are relatively low, and data vary a lot, so it gets more difficult for processing. During the process, some key field processing techniques are adopted, i.e. phase adjustment, denoising, amplitude recovery, energy compensation, velocity optimization, residual static correction, and poststack random noise attenuation, improving the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution. Therefore, good results are obtained.
During the seismic prospecting in complex mountainous areas, complex surface leads to more shot point and geophone station offset. So it is very difficult to control field quality precisely with conventional methods. This paper mainly elaborates a new set of quality control flow using existing software---first break fitting, thus completing the quality control procedure and accomplishing quality control of shot point location in the fields. Due to the complexity of the areas, signal-to-noise ratio and resolution are relatively low, and data vary a lot, so it gets more difficult for processing. During the process, some key field processing techniques are adopted, i.e. phase adjustment, denoising, amplitude recovery, energy compensation, velocity optimization, residual static correction, and poststack random noise attenuation, improving the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution. Therefore, good results are obtained.
引文
[1]陆基孟.地震勘探原理[M].东营:中国石油大学出版社,2011.
[2]梁顺军,肖宇,刁永波,等.库车坳陷山地复杂构造速度场研究及其应用效果[J].中国石油勘探,2011,16(4):59～64.
[3]宁宏晓,胡杰,章多荣,等.柴达木英雄岭复杂山地三维地震勘探技术[J].石油科技论坛,2012,31(2):2～6.
[4]邓勇,吕焕通,于宝利,等.准噶尔盆地南缘复杂构造地震资料处理解释攻关及效果[J].中国石油勘探,2011,16(5-6):19～24.
[5]梁向豪,周旭,蔡明,等.复杂山地高密度宽线地震采集技术及应用效果[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2012,34(4):69～74.
[6]熊翥.复杂地区地震数据处理思路[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002.
[2]梁顺军,肖宇,刁永波,等.库车坳陷山地复杂构造速度场研究及其应用效果[J].中国石油勘探,2011,16(4):59～64.
[3]宁宏晓,胡杰,章多荣,等.柴达木英雄岭复杂山地三维地震勘探技术[J].石油科技论坛,2012,31(2):2～6.
[4]邓勇,吕焕通,于宝利,等.准噶尔盆地南缘复杂构造地震资料处理解释攻关及效果[J].中国石油勘探,2011,16(5-6):19～24.
[5]梁向豪,周旭,蔡明,等.复杂山地高密度宽线地震采集技术及应用效果[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2012,34(4):69～74.
[6]熊翥.复杂地区地震数据处理思路[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002.
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