高新技术促进海洋地学科技发展
详细信息 本馆镜像全文    |  推荐本文 | | 获取馆网全文
摘要
当今海洋地学领域新理论、新学说的产生,以及海底地质构造调查研究与矿产资源勘查取得的重要突破和成果,在很大程度上是采用了高新技术及各种高分辨、高性能、高精度探测仪器的结果。显然,高新技术的应用极大促进了海洋地质科学的发展,如海洋地学的海底扩张学说/板块构造理论、沉积作用与浊流、海底地震及火山成因、古海洋学、全球变化、现代海底成矿理论、极端环境与生物群落、地下生物圈假说等。文中综述了国内外全球定位系统、海洋立体测绘新技术、海底地质采样技术、深海探矿/采矿系统、深海运载技术和我国深海技术的发展概况,并就海洋地质科技的发展,提出要形成一整套立体探测综合技术系统的建议。
Since the 1980 s of the 20 thcentury, the development of new theories in marine geosciences as well as significant new breakthroughs in seafloor geological survey and mineral resource exploration are mainly attributed to the adoption of high technologies and diverse probing instruments featured by high resolution, high performance and high precision. Obviously, the application of high technologies has been greatly promoting the development of marine geosciences, including the seafloor spreading doctrine and plate tectonic theory,sedimentation and turbid currents, the cause of formation on earthquakes and volcanoes, paleo-oceanography,global change, modern mineralization theory in seabed, extreme environment and biodiversity, and the hypothesis on underground biosphere. This paper summarizes the development status of the global positioning systems at home and abroad, new 3D marine mapping technologies, seafloor geological sampling technologies, deep-sea systems for detecting and exploiting mineral resources, and deep-sea delivery technologies, as well as the general situation of China's deep sea technologies. Finally, this paper suggests that an overall set of comprehensive 3D probing system be established to facilitate the progress of marine geosciences in China.
引文
[1]苏纪兰,许启望.海洋与海洋科学技术[M].北京:法律出版社,1991:154-181.
    [2]国家海洋局海洋技术研究所.海洋开发技术进展(1997~1998)[M].北京:海洋出版社,1999.
    [3]莫杰.海洋地学前缘[M].北京:海洋出版社,2004.
    [4]刘准.国外深海技术发展研究(一)[J].船艇,2006(10):6-8.
    [5]刘准.国外深海技术发展研究(二)[J].船艇,2006,(12):18-23.
    [6]刘准.国外深海技术发展研究(三)[J].船艇,2006,(14):16-23.
    [7]莫杰.海洋探测高新技术向立体化发展[J].海洋信息,2002(1):20-22.
    [8]William W Sager,Takashi Sano,Jorg Geldmacher.IODP Expedition 324:Ocean Drilling at Shatsky Rise Gives Clues about Oceanic Plateau Formation[J].Scientific Drilling,2011(12):24-31.
    [9]Harsh Gupta,Shailesh Nayak,Koyna Workshop Committee.Deep Scientific Drilling to Study Reservoir-Triggered Earthquakes in Koyna,Western India[J].Scientific Drilling,2011(12):53-54.
    [10]王志雄,莫杰,高平.海底地质勘查现代技术方法的应用现状及发展趋势[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2002,22(2):109-114.
    [11]陈应珍.国外海洋机器人技术发展动态[J].海洋信息,2001(4):21.
    [12]Ken Takai,Michael J Mottl,Simon H H,et al IODP Expedition 331:Strong and Expansive Subseafloor Hydrothermal Activities in the Okinawa Trough[J].Scientific Drilling,2012(13):19-27.
    [13]Heather N Schrum,Richard W Murray,et al Comparison of Rhizon Sampling and Whole Round Squeezing for Marine Sediment Porewater[J].Scientific Drilling,2012(13):47-50.
    [14]阳宁,陈光国.深海矿产资源开采技术的现状综述[J].矿山机械,2010(10):4-9.
    [15]高振会,史先鹏.深海技术与可持续发展[J].海洋开发与管理,2011,28(7):45-50.
    [16]莫杰.深海探测技术的发展[J].科学,2012(9):11-15.
    [17]高平,莫杰.我国海洋探查高新技术的跨越式发展[J].国土资源科技管理,2002(1):17.
    [18]莫杰.深海资源开发利用研究[J].科学,2013(1):31-35.
    [19]崔维成.“蛟龙”号载人潜水器关键技术研究与自主创新[J].船舶与海洋工程,2010(1):1-8.
    [20]Ocean Studies Board,National Research Council.Illuminating the Hidden Planet:The Future of Seafloor Observatory Science Washington,DC[M].Washington DC:National Academy Press,2000.

版权所有:© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心