塔里木盆地轮古西地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层的地震识别
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摘要
塔里木盆地轮古西地区奥陶系风化壳潜山油气资源丰富,但储层分布特征复杂,且储层类型主要有孔洞型、裂缝孔洞型及裂缝型,不同类型储层的地球物理响应特征差异较大。孔洞型储层由于储层内部与围岩的波阻抗差异非常巨大且高频衰减明显,地震剖面上表现为串珠状反射;裂缝型储主要表现为片状不连续的低振幅反射特征。针对其不同的地球物理响应特征,对孔洞型储层采用了分频技术和吸收衰减属性进行预测;对裂缝性储层分别采用了常规的相干技术和SEA3D特色裂缝检测技术,对裂缝的方向及强度开展精细研究,研究结果与单井的成像测井成果基本一致。引入的属性融合和三维可视化展示技术,进一步提高了针对缝洞型储层预测技术的预测精度和效率,对今后的勘探布井工作具有重要的参考意义。
The buried hills upon the Ordovician weathering crust in the western Lungu area of the Tarim Basin are rich in hydrocarbon resources.However,the distribution of reservoirs is rather complex.There are many types of carbonate reservoirs,such as pore-cave,crack-hole and fracture controlled reservoirs.Each of them has different geophysical reflection features.For example,due to the large wave impedance difference between the internal and surrounding rocks and the frequency attenuation,the pore-cave type reservoir exhibits a beaded reflex in seismic profiles,and the fractured reservoir mainly shows a plate discontinuous reflection with low amplitude.In this paper,different methods were used to deal with the seismic data.For the type of pore-cave reservoir we used frequency division technology and absorption attenuation attributes for forecast,and for the fractured reservoirs,conventional coherence technology was adopted.SEA3D characteristic crack detection technology was used for crack reservoir detecting.Our results fit well with the single well imaging logging and drilling data.
The buried hills upon the Ordovician weathering crust in the western Lungu area of the Tarim Basin are rich in hydrocarbon resources.However,the distribution of reservoirs is rather complex.There are many types of carbonate reservoirs,such as pore-cave,crack-hole and fracture controlled reservoirs.Each of them has different geophysical reflection features.For example,due to the large wave impedance difference between the internal and surrounding rocks and the frequency attenuation,the pore-cave type reservoir exhibits a beaded reflex in seismic profiles,and the fractured reservoir mainly shows a plate discontinuous reflection with low amplitude.In this paper,different methods were used to deal with the seismic data.For the type of pore-cave reservoir we used frequency division technology and absorption attenuation attributes for forecast,and for the fractured reservoirs,conventional coherence technology was adopted.SEA3D characteristic crack detection technology was used for crack reservoir detecting.Our results fit well with the single well imaging logging and drilling data.
引文
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[13]俞益新.碳酸盐岩岩溶型储层综合预测概述[J].中国西部油气地质,2006,2(2):189-193.
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[18]Gray D,Head K.Fracture detection in Manderson Field:A3-D AVAZ case history[J].The Leading Edge,2000,19(11):1 214-1 221.
[2]康玉柱.中国东北、华北、西部等地区古生界油气前景探讨[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2009,31(3):1-7.
[3]孟书翠,朱光有,金强,等.轮古西地区碳酸盐岩油藏特征与失利井研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2010,32(5):28-35.
[4]周永昌,王新维,杨国龙.塔里木盆地阿克库勒地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩成藏条件及勘探前景[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(2):104-109.
[5]李明,李宁林,赵一民.塔里木盆地某区碳酸盐岩裂缝储层预测研究[J].石油物探,2000,39(2):24-35.
[6]赵裕辉,胡建中.碳酸盐岩缝洞型储集体识别与体积估算[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(5):720-724.
[7]王立华,魏建新,狄帮让.溶洞物理模型地震响应及其属性分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(3):291-296.
[8]张延章,尹寿鹏,张巧玲,等.地震分频技术的地质内涵及其效果分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(1):64-66.
[9]顾家裕,周兴熙.塔里木盆地轮南潜山岩溶及油气分布规律[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001.
[10]刘小平,吴欣松,张祥忠.轮古西地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩古岩溶储层碳、氧同位素地球化学特征[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2004,19(4):69-71,76.
[11]张恺.论塔里木盆地类型、演化特征及含油气远景评价[J].石油与天然气地质,1990,11(1):1-14.
[12]吴东胜,张玉清,刘少华,等.塔里木盆地轮古西潜山油气运聚及分布机理[J].石油学报,2006,27(5):41-45.
[13]俞益新.碳酸盐岩岩溶型储层综合预测概述[J].中国西部油气地质,2006,2(2):189-193.
[14]夏文谦.川东南北部石炭系黄龙组储层地质特征及储层预测研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2011:43.
[15]杨宁,吕修祥,潘之庆.轮南潜山奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层裂缝发育特征[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2004,19(4):40-42.
[16]王端平,张敬轩.胜利油区埕北30潜山储集性裂缝预测方法[J].石油实验地质,2000,22(3):250-255.
[17]Li X Y.Fracture detection using azimuthal variation of P-wave move out from orthogonal seismic survey lines[J].Geophysics,1999,64(4):1 193-1 201.
[18]Gray D,Head K.Fracture detection in Manderson Field:A3-D AVAZ case history[J].The Leading Edge,2000,19(11):1 214-1 221.
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