中国及邻域的深部构造及其成矿意义
|
摘要
通过重力场及其反演研究,结合新近的地球物理研究成果,给出了中 国及邻域包括琉球T-A-B体系的新的深部构造格局。4条NE向深部构 造过渡带,把中国大陆划分为东部和西部,将东部大陆及邻域的地壳构造 又分为滨太平洋内陆型、滨太平洋陆缘型、西太平洋边缘海过渡型和西太 平洋大洋型。秦岭-杭州湾NW向深部构造带及其向邻海的可能延伸分 隔出中国大陆和海域的南、北两大亚板块群。按板块观点,分析了本区4 种构造环境的成矿特点、深部标志及相关的地球物理-地质特征,进行了 复式成矿区、带的划分和成矿远景预测。除将昆-祁-秦构造带经由杭州湾NW向深部边界扩展到琉球T-A-B系之外,还提出了构造环境的迁移和叠加导致复式成矿系统;外来地体的成矿条件与原地构造环境有关;构造环境的转化引起不同矿床类型的叠加;地震活动与成矿作用互为诱发因素等基本观点,从而有助于构造环境与成矿规律的讨论。
This paper proposes a new tectonic pattern of the deep-seated structures in China and its adjacent areas (including the T-A-B system of the Ryukyu Islands). This is based on studies of the gravity field and gravity inversion coupled with the summation of the latest achievements in geophysical studies. Four NE-(or NNE-) trending transitional zones of deep structures divide the continent of China into the eastern and western parts, and the crustal types in eastern China and adjacent sea areas can be also divided into the marginal-Pacific interior type, the marginal-Pacific epicontinental type, the west Pacific marginal sea transitional type, and the west Pacific oceanic type. The Qinling-Hangzhou Bay NW-trending deep tectonic zone and its possible extension into the seas separate the Chinese continent, and its adjacent sea areas into two major groups of subplates. the southern and northern. From a plate-tectonic view-point, the metallogenic characteristics, indicators at depths and relevant geophysical-geological features of the four tectonic environ, ments are analyzed, and the classification of composite metallogenic provinces and belts and prediction of metallogenic prospects are made. The author extends the Kunlun-Qili-an-Qinling tectonic belt to the T-A-B system of the Ryukyu Islands through the NW deep boundary of the Hangzhou Bay, and besides he also proposes the following basic views: the migration and superposition of tectonic environments led to the formation of a composite metallogenic system; metallogenic conditions for the allochthonous terranes of different ages are related to their palaeogeographic and palaeotectonic environments in situ; the change in the tectonic environmen tresulted in the superposition of various types of mineral deposits; seismic activities and min-eralization are mutually inducing factors. These views will be helpful to the discussion on the tectonic environments and metallogenic regularities.
This paper proposes a new tectonic pattern of the deep-seated structures in China and its adjacent areas (including the T-A-B system of the Ryukyu Islands). This is based on studies of the gravity field and gravity inversion coupled with the summation of the latest achievements in geophysical studies. Four NE-(or NNE-) trending transitional zones of deep structures divide the continent of China into the eastern and western parts, and the crustal types in eastern China and adjacent sea areas can be also divided into the marginal-Pacific interior type, the marginal-Pacific epicontinental type, the west Pacific marginal sea transitional type, and the west Pacific oceanic type. The Qinling-Hangzhou Bay NW-trending deep tectonic zone and its possible extension into the seas separate the Chinese continent, and its adjacent sea areas into two major groups of subplates. the southern and northern. From a plate-tectonic view-point, the metallogenic characteristics, indicators at depths and relevant geophysical-geological features of the four tectonic environ, ments are analyzed, and the classification of composite metallogenic provinces and belts and prediction of metallogenic prospects are made. The author extends the Kunlun-Qili-an-Qinling tectonic belt to the T-A-B system of the Ryukyu Islands through the NW deep boundary of the Hangzhou Bay, and besides he also proposes the following basic views: the migration and superposition of tectonic environments led to the formation of a composite metallogenic system; metallogenic conditions for the allochthonous terranes of different ages are related to their palaeogeographic and palaeotectonic environments in situ; the change in the tectonic environmen tresulted in the superposition of various types of mineral deposits; seismic activities and min-eralization are mutually inducing factors. These views will be helpful to the discussion on the tectonic environments and metallogenic regularities.
引文
1 陈胜早.中国东南部及其毗邻海域的深部构造特征.南京大学学报(自然科学版),1983,19(3) :521-536．
2 陈胜早.中国东南部及其毗邻海域地震地球物理分析与含油气盆地分布特点.大地构造与成矿学,1986,10(3) :247-261．
3 陈胜早.对中国东部苏浙皖区壳-幔结构的新认识.科学通报,1987,32(13) :1016-1020．
4 Chen Shengzao (陈胜早). Further study on the structure of the crust and upper mantle in the Jiangsu-Zhejiang-Anhui area, eastern China. Chinese Science Bulletin, 1990, 35 (12) :1014-1018．
5 陈胜早.用多层变密度直接反演法研究下扬子地区的岩石圈构造.地球物理学报,1989,32(1) :20-35．
6 王鸿祯.中国古地理图集.北京:地图出版社,1985．
7 陈胜早.中国成煤大地构造的深部地球物理特征及动力演化(第九章).童玉明主编.中国成煤大地构造学.北京:科学出版社,1992．
8 宋仲和,安昌强,陈立华,仇志荣.中国大陆和边缘海的上地幔P波速度结构.地震学报,1986,8(3) :263-274．
9 Gupta H K, Bhatia S C. A Review of the long period surface waves studies in Himalaya and nearby regions. Geodynamics Series. AGU, Washington, D. C., 1981, 3:294-306．
10 王钧.东南沿海地区地温场的形成及其分布规律.地震地质,1985,7(1) :49-58．
11 王钧,黄尚瑶,黄歌山,汪集旸.华北中、新生代沉积盆地的地温分布及地热资源.地质学报,1983,57(3) :304-316．
12 Tan Jjong Kie(Chen Zong-ji). Geodynamics and tectonic evolution of the Panxi rift. Tectonophysics, 1987, 133:287-304．
13 G S J. Bouguer gravity anomalies map. 1977．
14 冯锐.中国地壳厚度及上地幔密度分布(三维重力反演结果).地震学报,1985,7(2) :143-157．
15 宋仲和等.用瑞雷和勒夫面波群速度确定我国地壳厚度.地球物理学报,1965,14(1) .
16 廖其林,王振明,玉屏路,余兆康,黄向荣.我国华南沿海地区地壳与上地幔速度结构特征.科学通报,1987,32(12) :933-935．
17 Chen Shengzao (陈胜早). Inversion of multilayered variable density models and study of crustal and upper mantle structure. Science in China (Series B), 1990, 33(8) : 1002-1013．
18 任纪舜,姜春发,张正坤,秦德余.中国大地构造及其演化.北京:科学出版社,1980．
19 郭令智,施央申,马瑞士.华南大地构造格架和地壳演化.国际交流地质学术论文集:(1) 构造地质及地质力学.北京:地质出版社,1980． 109-116．
20 郭令智,施央申,马瑞士.西太平洋中新生代活动大陆边缘和岛弧构造的形成与演化.地质学报,1983,57(1) :11-21．
21 郭令智,施央申,马瑞士,叶尚夫,卢华复中国东南部地体构造的研究.南京大学学报(自然科学版),1984,20:732-739．
22 Sawkins F J, Metal deposits in relation to plate tectonics. Springer-Verlag. 1984．
23 Mitchell A H G, Garson M S, Mineral deposits and global tectonics Settings. Academic Press Inc. (London) Ltd. 1981．
24 中国地质科学院矿床地质研究所.中国及其毗邻海区磁特征线解(1∶600万)简要说明.北京:地图出版社,1984．
25 Kesler S E, Jones L M, Walker R L. Intrusive rocks associated with porphyry copper mineral mineralization in island arc areas. Econ. Geol., 1975, 70(3) :515-526．
26 Armstrong R L, Taubeneck W H, Hales P O., Rb-Sr and K-Ar geochronometry of Mesozoic granitic rocks and their Sr isotopic composition, Oregon, Washington, and Idaho. Bull. Geol. Soc.Am., 1977, 88 (3) :397-411．
27 Whitney J A, Jones L M, Walker R L., Age and origin of the Stone Mountain Granite, Lithonia District, Georgia. Bull. Geol. Soc.Am., 1976, 87 (7) : 1067-1077．
28 Hamet J, Allegre C J. Rb-Sr Systematics in granite from central Nepal (Manaslu): Significance of the Oligocene age and high ~(87) Sr/~(86) Sr ratio in Himalayan orogeny. Geology, 1976． 4 (8) : 470-472．
29 Deans T, Powell J L., Trace elements and strontium isotopes in carbonatites, fluorites and limestones from India and Pakistan. Nature, 1968, 218 (5143) , 750-752．
30 陈胜早.对构造物理学中壳一幔细结构的某些探讨.地质论评,1988,34(5) :464-473．
31 Chen Shengzao. Purther study on source parameters at Quirke Mine, Elliot Lake, Ontario. CANMET, 1991, SP91-2E.
1) 陈胜早.中国东南部及其毗邻地区和海域的深部构造研究(郭令智、施央申指导).1981．
2) 汪龙文.东海盆地的形成和演化.1982．
1) 杨树锋.南京大学博士学位论文.1985．
2 陈胜早.中国东南部及其毗邻海域地震地球物理分析与含油气盆地分布特点.大地构造与成矿学,1986,10(3) :247-261．
3 陈胜早.对中国东部苏浙皖区壳-幔结构的新认识.科学通报,1987,32(13) :1016-1020．
4 Chen Shengzao (陈胜早). Further study on the structure of the crust and upper mantle in the Jiangsu-Zhejiang-Anhui area, eastern China. Chinese Science Bulletin, 1990, 35 (12) :1014-1018．
5 陈胜早.用多层变密度直接反演法研究下扬子地区的岩石圈构造.地球物理学报,1989,32(1) :20-35．
6 王鸿祯.中国古地理图集.北京:地图出版社,1985．
7 陈胜早.中国成煤大地构造的深部地球物理特征及动力演化(第九章).童玉明主编.中国成煤大地构造学.北京:科学出版社,1992．
8 宋仲和,安昌强,陈立华,仇志荣.中国大陆和边缘海的上地幔P波速度结构.地震学报,1986,8(3) :263-274．
9 Gupta H K, Bhatia S C. A Review of the long period surface waves studies in Himalaya and nearby regions. Geodynamics Series. AGU, Washington, D. C., 1981, 3:294-306．
10 王钧.东南沿海地区地温场的形成及其分布规律.地震地质,1985,7(1) :49-58．
11 王钧,黄尚瑶,黄歌山,汪集旸.华北中、新生代沉积盆地的地温分布及地热资源.地质学报,1983,57(3) :304-316．
12 Tan Jjong Kie(Chen Zong-ji). Geodynamics and tectonic evolution of the Panxi rift. Tectonophysics, 1987, 133:287-304．
13 G S J. Bouguer gravity anomalies map. 1977．
14 冯锐.中国地壳厚度及上地幔密度分布(三维重力反演结果).地震学报,1985,7(2) :143-157．
15 宋仲和等.用瑞雷和勒夫面波群速度确定我国地壳厚度.地球物理学报,1965,14(1) .
16 廖其林,王振明,玉屏路,余兆康,黄向荣.我国华南沿海地区地壳与上地幔速度结构特征.科学通报,1987,32(12) :933-935．
17 Chen Shengzao (陈胜早). Inversion of multilayered variable density models and study of crustal and upper mantle structure. Science in China (Series B), 1990, 33(8) : 1002-1013．
18 任纪舜,姜春发,张正坤,秦德余.中国大地构造及其演化.北京:科学出版社,1980．
19 郭令智,施央申,马瑞士.华南大地构造格架和地壳演化.国际交流地质学术论文集:(1) 构造地质及地质力学.北京:地质出版社,1980． 109-116．
20 郭令智,施央申,马瑞士.西太平洋中新生代活动大陆边缘和岛弧构造的形成与演化.地质学报,1983,57(1) :11-21．
21 郭令智,施央申,马瑞士,叶尚夫,卢华复中国东南部地体构造的研究.南京大学学报(自然科学版),1984,20:732-739．
22 Sawkins F J, Metal deposits in relation to plate tectonics. Springer-Verlag. 1984．
23 Mitchell A H G, Garson M S, Mineral deposits and global tectonics Settings. Academic Press Inc. (London) Ltd. 1981．
24 中国地质科学院矿床地质研究所.中国及其毗邻海区磁特征线解(1∶600万)简要说明.北京:地图出版社,1984．
25 Kesler S E, Jones L M, Walker R L. Intrusive rocks associated with porphyry copper mineral mineralization in island arc areas. Econ. Geol., 1975, 70(3) :515-526．
26 Armstrong R L, Taubeneck W H, Hales P O., Rb-Sr and K-Ar geochronometry of Mesozoic granitic rocks and their Sr isotopic composition, Oregon, Washington, and Idaho. Bull. Geol. Soc.Am., 1977, 88 (3) :397-411．
27 Whitney J A, Jones L M, Walker R L., Age and origin of the Stone Mountain Granite, Lithonia District, Georgia. Bull. Geol. Soc.Am., 1976, 87 (7) : 1067-1077．
28 Hamet J, Allegre C J. Rb-Sr Systematics in granite from central Nepal (Manaslu): Significance of the Oligocene age and high ~(87) Sr/~(86) Sr ratio in Himalayan orogeny. Geology, 1976． 4 (8) : 470-472．
29 Deans T, Powell J L., Trace elements and strontium isotopes in carbonatites, fluorites and limestones from India and Pakistan. Nature, 1968, 218 (5143) , 750-752．
30 陈胜早.对构造物理学中壳一幔细结构的某些探讨.地质论评,1988,34(5) :464-473．
31 Chen Shengzao. Purther study on source parameters at Quirke Mine, Elliot Lake, Ontario. CANMET, 1991, SP91-2E.
1) 陈胜早.中国东南部及其毗邻地区和海域的深部构造研究(郭令智、施央申指导).1981．
2) 汪龙文.东海盆地的形成和演化.1982．
1) 杨树锋.南京大学博士学位论文.1985．
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心