我国前兆地声的观测与研究
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摘要
本文论述我国地声观测技术和前兆地声机制综合研究的成果．为了获得连续可靠的地声信息，研制了３种适用于地声极微震观测记录仪器，建立了两个标准地声台网，建立了全国地声数据处理中心，并研制了地声资料处理程序包．在上述工作基础上进行了８年的连续观测和全面的基础研究，包括：地震的前兆地声的特征、地声源定位、地声频谱、声源参数、脉冲型地声和连续型地声的发射机制等．另外还研究了并对地声记录的影响、强干扰背景下微弱地球物理信号提取方法和地声在煤矿岩爆预测中的应用．
This paper introduces the result of comprehensive studies concerning the techniques for geosound observation and the mechanism of the precursory geosound. In order to get coni nuous and reliable geosound data. the 4-channel,lowspeed tape recorder and other instru ments were developed for registering the extremely small earthquake. 8 years of continuous field observational recording has proved that the instruments are both stable and practical.In order to locate the geosound sources. standard geosound observation networks with aperture of about Ikm were respectively set up in Juxian County of Shandong Province and Eryuan County of Yunnan Proince. By successively carrying 8 years of observation reco ding, reliable geosound data werecumulated. In order to process the geosound data, the National Geosound Data Processing Center as well as data banks of relevant time series and geosound processing programs were established.On the basis of the above mentioned work. a long term of continuous observation and extensive basic studies have been conducted. Our observstion and study show that geosounds do exist.and that such geosounds might be used as important means in earthquake prediction.It should be particularly men tioned that it was the first time that audible precursory geosound signals appearing 3-15 minutes prior to the earhquake occurreces were instrumentally recorded. The emission mechanism of pulse and continuous geosounds were investigated. The re Sults show that the essence of continuous geosound is continuous microfractures. The applications of geosound in earthquake prediction were investigated. The results show that before a large earthquake, stress drops of pulse geosounds, the number of geosounds and main frequence of seismicpulse all were increased. In the meantime.the effect of observation well on geosound records. the methods to ex tract weak geophysical signal and the application of geosound in rock burst prediction were investigated.
This paper introduces the result of comprehensive studies concerning the techniques for geosound observation and the mechanism of the precursory geosound. In order to get coni nuous and reliable geosound data. the 4-channel,lowspeed tape recorder and other instru ments were developed for registering the extremely small earthquake. 8 years of continuous field observational recording has proved that the instruments are both stable and practical.In order to locate the geosound sources. standard geosound observation networks with aperture of about Ikm were respectively set up in Juxian County of Shandong Province and Eryuan County of Yunnan Proince. By successively carrying 8 years of observation reco ding, reliable geosound data werecumulated. In order to process the geosound data, the National Geosound Data Processing Center as well as data banks of relevant time series and geosound processing programs were established.On the basis of the above mentioned work. a long term of continuous observation and extensive basic studies have been conducted. Our observstion and study show that geosounds do exist.and that such geosounds might be used as important means in earthquake prediction.It should be particularly men tioned that it was the first time that audible precursory geosound signals appearing 3-15 minutes prior to the earhquake occurreces were instrumentally recorded. The emission mechanism of pulse and continuous geosounds were investigated. The re Sults show that the essence of continuous geosound is continuous microfractures. The applications of geosound in earthquake prediction were investigated. The results show that before a large earthquake, stress drops of pulse geosounds, the number of geosounds and main frequence of seismicpulse all were increased. In the meantime.the effect of observation well on geosound records. the methods to ex tract weak geophysical signal and the application of geosound in rock burst prediction were investigated.
引文
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