渤海湾盆地北部奥陶系潜山油气藏成藏组合及勘探技术
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摘要
渤海湾盆地大港和华北探区近年连续在千米桥等奥陶系潜山获得重要勘探突破 ,表明以奥陶系为主的潜山仍是有潜力的勘探领域。根据已发现潜山油气藏的成藏条件 ,划分出 5类成藏组合 :潜山埋藏型 ,构造反转型 ,顺层溶蚀 运移型 ,晚期成岩 (侵蚀 )型 ,古生古储型。在原有潜山勘探理论的基础上提出 :燕山末期至早第三纪的构造反转对潜山发育和油气成藏具有重要的作用 ;奥陶系碳酸盐岩的溶蚀具有多种途径和形式 ;逆冲构造体系是形成下古生界原生油气藏和煤成油气藏的最有利构造样式。取得潜山勘探成果的关键因素是 :采用以叠前深度偏移为主的地震处理技术精确落实潜山圈闭 ;有针对性地选准研究工作思路 ,进行包括 10项研究内容的多学科地质综合研究 ,正确建立奥陶系潜山油气藏成因模式 ;形成以欠平衡为要点的十大钻井工艺技术系列。
In recent years, a series of new important discoveries have been made in Ordovician buried hill of Qianmiqiao, Wumaying, and other places of Dagang and Huabei in Bohai Bay basin, which shows that Ordovician buried hills have the great potential for oil and gas exploration. According to present buried hill reservoir plays, a total of five different types of reservoir play can be identified: buried hill, structural reversal, bedding corrosion migration, late diagenesis and the one that generated and accumulated in the Paleozoic. Based on origin theory of buried hill exploration, a series of new viewpoints are put forward in this paper, such as the structural reversal of Mesozoic and Cenozoic plays an important role in the formation of buried hill oil and gas reservoir plays; corrosion of Ordovician carbonate reservoir displays in different ways and forms and thrust structure system is the most favorable structure mode formation of primary oil/gas reservoir of Paleozoic and coal formed oil/gas reservoir. The key factors to the success of the buried hill exploration could be summarized as following: to precisely prove buried hill trap by means of seismic processing technique characterized by pre stack depth migration; to correctly select studying thinking, namely performing comprehensive geology study including 10 rinds of contents; to establish origin modes of Ordovician buried hill reservoir plays and to form 10 technical series including under balanced drilling.
In recent years, a series of new important discoveries have been made in Ordovician buried hill of Qianmiqiao, Wumaying, and other places of Dagang and Huabei in Bohai Bay basin, which shows that Ordovician buried hills have the great potential for oil and gas exploration. According to present buried hill reservoir plays, a total of five different types of reservoir play can be identified: buried hill, structural reversal, bedding corrosion migration, late diagenesis and the one that generated and accumulated in the Paleozoic. Based on origin theory of buried hill exploration, a series of new viewpoints are put forward in this paper, such as the structural reversal of Mesozoic and Cenozoic plays an important role in the formation of buried hill oil and gas reservoir plays; corrosion of Ordovician carbonate reservoir displays in different ways and forms and thrust structure system is the most favorable structure mode formation of primary oil/gas reservoir of Paleozoic and coal formed oil/gas reservoir. The key factors to the success of the buried hill exploration could be summarized as following: to precisely prove buried hill trap by means of seismic processing technique characterized by pre stack depth migration; to correctly select studying thinking, namely performing comprehensive geology study including 10 rinds of contents; to establish origin modes of Ordovician buried hill reservoir plays and to form 10 technical series including under balanced drilling.
引文
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1 1 程克明等 .碳酸盐岩油气生成理论与实践 .北京 :石油工业出版社 ,1 996 .1 98～ 2 31 .
1 2 黄子齐 .盆地反转研究新进展 .勘探家 (石油与天然气 ) ,1 998,3(2 ) :63～ 68.
2 于学敏 ,苏俊青等 .千米桥潜山油气藏基本地质特征 .石油勘探与开发 ,2 0 0 0 ,2 6(6) :7～ 9.
3 余家仁等 .华北潜山油藏碳酸盐岩储集层研究 .北京 :石油工业出版社 ,1 993 .
4 于志海 ,杨池银等 .黄骅坳陷天然气地质 .北京 :石油工业出版社 ,1 997.
5 贾疏源 .中国岩溶缝洞储层系统油气储层特征及其勘探前景 .特种油气藏 ,1 997,4(4) :1～ 5 .
6 贾振远等 .塔里木盆地北部下古生界裂缝储层特征 .见 :第五届全国沉积学及岩相古地理学术会议论文集 .乌鲁木齐 :新疆科技卫生出版社 ,1 997.369～ 373 .
7 周路等 .应用地震低速异常带特征研究轮南地区奥陶系古岩溶 .石油勘探与开发 ,1 998,2 5(1 ) :2 9～ 31 .
8 周兴熙等 .塔里木盆地轮南古岩溶 .海相油气地质 ,1 998,3(3) :2 0～2 6 .
9 邓清禄等 .黄骅坳陷孔西潜山推覆构造的发现及其意义 .石油实验地质 ,1 998,2 0 (3) :2 2 3～ 2 2 7.
1 0 汪泽成等 .黄骅坳陷中新生代构造负反转分析 .地球科学 ,1 998,2 3(3) :2 89～ 2 93 .
1 1 程克明等 .碳酸盐岩油气生成理论与实践 .北京 :石油工业出版社 ,1 996 .1 98～ 2 31 .
1 2 黄子齐 .盆地反转研究新进展 .勘探家 (石油与天然气 ) ,1 998,3(2 ) :63～ 68.
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