强地震前后重力观测中异常变化现象的研究
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摘要
分析了2001年昆仑山口西MS8.1地震和2004年印尼MS8.9地震前后部分重力观测的变化,对这些采样间隔在1分钟以下的重力数据进行了高通滤波和频谱分析。结果表明,在昆仑山口西MS8.1地震前,乌鲁木齐和库尔勒观测台在二个时段分别同步出现了异常变化。一次是在2001年11月3~5日,另一次在2001年11月11~13日;这二次异常都表现为颤动信号的出现,而且后一次的强度要大于前一次;颤动信号的周期主要集中在几十分钟。印尼MS8.9地震前,这二个台也记录到类似的异常信息,但颤动的幅度很小;同时武汉观测台的超导重力仪也记录到了颤动信号,该信号一直持续到地震的发生。这些信息对于识别、认识慢地震,进而探索与强地震发生之间的关系具有重要意义。
In order to explore the anomaly variation before and after the great Kunlun Mountain MS8.1 earthquake on November 14,2001 and Sumatra MW9.0 earthquake on December 26,2004,the minutely sampled data are analyzed,which covered before and after the earthquakes.Butterworth high pass filtered results and spectrograms show that there are anomaly changes at stations of Urumqi and Korla at two time spans before the Kunlun Mountain MS8.1 earthquake,which appeared from November 3 to 5 and from November 11 to 13,respectively.Both anomalies are expressed as vibration signal with low frequency,and intensity of the latter is stronger.But no vibration like these appeared at the other stations.The same signals are recorded at stations of Korla and Urumqi before Sumatra MW9.0 earthquake.At the same time,the recording curve of superconducting gravimeter in Wuhan became thicken beginning from the afternoon of December 15,2004.
In order to explore the anomaly variation before and after the great Kunlun Mountain MS8.1 earthquake on November 14,2001 and Sumatra MW9.0 earthquake on December 26,2004,the minutely sampled data are analyzed,which covered before and after the earthquakes.Butterworth high pass filtered results and spectrograms show that there are anomaly changes at stations of Urumqi and Korla at two time spans before the Kunlun Mountain MS8.1 earthquake,which appeared from November 3 to 5 and from November 11 to 13,respectively.Both anomalies are expressed as vibration signal with low frequency,and intensity of the latter is stronger.But no vibration like these appeared at the other stations.The same signals are recorded at stations of Korla and Urumqi before Sumatra MW9.0 earthquake.At the same time,the recording curve of superconducting gravimeter in Wuhan became thicken beginning from the afternoon of December 15,2004.
引文
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[17]Crescentini L,Amoruso A,Scarpa R.Constraints on slow earthquake dynamics from a swarm inCentral Italy[J].Science,1999,286:2 132-2 134.
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[19]赵根模,杨港生,陈化然.寂静的前震与地震预测[J].地震,2001,21(1):70-77.
[20]杨又陵,赵根模,高国英,等.2001年11月14日昆仑山口西MS8.1地震前的缓慢地震事件[J].国际地震动态,2003,(9):1-4.
[21]孙和平,陈晓东,许厚泽,等.GWR超导重力仪潮汐观测标定因子的精密测定[J].地震学报,2001,23(6):651-658.
[22]许绍燮.大尺度地层内的分层运动[J].中国工程科学,2006,8(6):14-22.
①王晓权等,台风的重力效应,2006。
①http://www.typhoon.gov.cn/zuixinlujing2004.php。
①http://www.eas.slu.edu/GGP/sumatra.ht ml
[2]石耀霖.关于应力触发和应力影概念在地震预报中应用的一些思考[J].地震,2001,21(3):1-7.
[3]吴忠良.地震学中的“暗物质”-“静地震”与地震预测研究的未来[J].国际地震动态,2001,9:1-5.
[4]吴忠良.寂静地震与地震预测的物理问题[J].物理,2004,33(11):796-800.
[5]Kawasaki I,Asai Y,Tamura Y,et al.The 1992 Sanriku-Oki,Japan,ultra-slow earthquake[J].JPhys Earth,1995,43:105-116.
[6]Beroza G C,Jordan T H.Searching for slow and silent earthquakes using free oscillations[J].JGeophys Res,1990,95(B3):2 485-2 510.
[7]冯德益,潘琴龙,郑斯华,等.长周期形变波及其所反应的短期相临震地震前兆[J].地震学报,1984,6(1):41-57.
[8]Jordan T H.Far-field detection of slow precursors to fast seismic ruptures[J].Geophys Res Lett,1991,18(11):2 019-2 022.
[9]Ihmle P F,Jordan T H.Teleseismic search for slow precursors to large earthquakes[J].Science,1994,266(5190):1 547-1 551.
[10]Gladwin M T,Gwyther R L,Hart RHG.A shear strain precursor[J].US Geol Surv,1993,1550:59-66.
[11]Kizawa T.大地震前后重力仪的纪录[J].国外地震,1972,(1):39-41.
[12]Dragert H,Wang Kelin,James T S.A silent slip event on the deeper Cascadia subduction interface[J].Science,2001,292:1 525-1 528.
[13]Miller M M,Melbourne T,Johnson D J,et al.Periodic slow earthquakes from the Cascadia subduc-tion zone[J].Science,2002,295:2 423.
[14]Rogers G,Dragert H.Episodic Tremor and Slip on the Cascadia Subduction Zone:The Chatter ofSilent Slip[J].Science,2003,300:1 942-1 943.
[15]Linde A T,Sacks I S.Slow earthquakes and great earthquakes along the Nankai trough[J].Earthand Planetary Science Letters,2002,203(1):265-275.
[16]Miyazaki S,McGuire J J,Segall P.A transient subduction zone slip episode in southwest Japan ob-served by the nationwide GPS array[J].Geophysical Research,2003,108(B2):2 087.
[17]Crescentini L,Amoruso A,Scarpa R.Constraints on slow earthquake dynamics from a swarm inCentral Italy[J].Science,1999,286:2 132-2 134.
[18]Linde A T,Gladwin M T,Johnston M J S.A slow earthquake sequence on the San Andreas fault[J].Nature,1996,383:65-68.
[19]赵根模,杨港生,陈化然.寂静的前震与地震预测[J].地震,2001,21(1):70-77.
[20]杨又陵,赵根模,高国英,等.2001年11月14日昆仑山口西MS8.1地震前的缓慢地震事件[J].国际地震动态,2003,(9):1-4.
[21]孙和平,陈晓东,许厚泽,等.GWR超导重力仪潮汐观测标定因子的精密测定[J].地震学报,2001,23(6):651-658.
[22]许绍燮.大尺度地层内的分层运动[J].中国工程科学,2006,8(6):14-22.
①王晓权等,台风的重力效应,2006。
①http://www.typhoon.gov.cn/zuixinlujing2004.php。
①http://www.eas.slu.edu/GGP/sumatra.ht ml
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