基于反褶积算法的地震干涉技术被动源成像
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摘要
地震干涉技术可以将任意2个检波器接收到的数据合成为在若干检波器之间传播的波,就好像其中的一个检波器作为一个虚拟震源来发挥作用。它可以从混沌无序的地震信号中发现有用信息,从地震噪声中提取有用信号以此推断地震波穿过介质的地质构造。基于反褶积算法,对其理论公式进行了较详细的推导,实现被动源地震干涉成像,证明了反褶积算法的可行性;并将其结果与互相关算法的结果进行对比,分析了2种方法在信噪比和分辨率方面的差异。数值计算表明,反褶积算法的纵向分辨率比互相关算法的高。对其进行的加噪试算表明,震源叠加后的反褶积算法呈现出高信噪比的特点。
Seismic interferometry allows us from records at any two receivers to synthesize waves that propagate between the receivers as if one of the receivers behaves as a source.From chaotic disorder seismic signals,this method can extract useful information,which can be used to infer the geological structure.Based on the theory of deconvolution seismic interferometry,the authors have made a more detailed derivation for the imaging formula.The implementation of imaging method demonstrates the feasibility of deconvolution algorithm in passive source seismic interferometry.We also compare the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution from deconvolution method with cross-correlation algorithm.More numerical calculations show that the vertical resolution from deconvolution is higher than cross-correlation,method and after summation over sources deconvolution has a high signal to noise ratio.
Seismic interferometry allows us from records at any two receivers to synthesize waves that propagate between the receivers as if one of the receivers behaves as a source.From chaotic disorder seismic signals,this method can extract useful information,which can be used to infer the geological structure.Based on the theory of deconvolution seismic interferometry,the authors have made a more detailed derivation for the imaging formula.The implementation of imaging method demonstrates the feasibility of deconvolution algorithm in passive source seismic interferometry.We also compare the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution from deconvolution method with cross-correlation algorithm.More numerical calculations show that the vertical resolution from deconvolution is higher than cross-correlation,method and after summation over sources deconvolution has a high signal to noise ratio.
引文
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[14]Snieder R.Retrieving the Green’s Function of theDiffusion Equation from the Response to a RandomForcing[J].Physical Review E,2006,74(4):046620.
[15]Snieder R,Fleury C.Cancellation of Spurious Arri-vals in Green’s Function Retrieval of Multiple Scat-tered Waves[J].The Journal of the Acoustical Socie-ty of America,2010,128(4):1598-1605.
[16]殷文.基于频率域高阶有限差分法的正演模拟及并行算法[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2008,38(1):144-151.Yin Wen.Based on High-Order Finite-DifferenceFrequency-Domain Forward Modeling and ParallelAlgorithms[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Sci-ence Edition,2008,38(1):144-151.
[17]Draganov D,Wapenaar K,Thorbecke J.Seismic In-terferometry:Reconstructing the Earth’s ReflectionResponse[J].Geophysics,2006,71(4):S161-S170.
[18]Mehta K,Sheiman J,Snieder R,et al.The Virtual-Source Method Applied to Mars Field OBC Data forTime-Lapse Monitoring[J].SEG Technical ProgramExpanded Abstracts,2007,26(1):2914-2918.
[19]Bejura J.Virtual Real Source[J].SEG TechnicalProgram Expanded Abstracts,2007,26(1):2693-2697.
[20]Mehta K,Bakulin A,Sheiman J,et al.Improvingthe Virtual Source Method by Wavefield Separation[J].Geophysics,2007,72(4):79-86.
[2]Claerbout J F.Synthesis of a Layered Medium from ItsAcoustic Transmission Response[J].Geophysics,1968,33(2):264-269.
[3]Berryhill J R.Wave-Equation Datuming[J].Geophy-sics,1979,44:1329-1344.
[4]Berryhill J.Wave-Equation Datuming Before Stack[J].Geophysics,1984,49:2064-2066.
[5]Berryhill J R.Submarine Canyons-Velocity Replace-ment by Wave-Equation Datuming Before Stack[J].Geophysics,1986,51:1572-1579.
[6]Rickett J,Claerbout J.Acoustic Daylight Imaging viaSpectral Factorization:Helioseismology and ReservoirMonitoring[J].The Leading Edge,1999,18:957-960.
[7]Cole S.Passive Seismic and Brilling-Bit ExperimentsUsing 2DArrays[D].Palo Alto:Stanford Universi-ty,1995.
[8]Schuster G,Rickett J.Daylight Imaging in V(x,y,z)Media[R].California:Stanford University,2000:55-66.
[9]Snieder R,Gret A,Douma H,et al.Coda Wave In-terferometry for Estimating Nonlinear Behavior inSeismic Velocity[J].Science,2002,295:2253-2255.
[10]Wapenaar K,Fokkema J.Green’s Function Repre-sentations for Seismic Interferometry[J].Geophy-sics,2006,71(4):S133-S146.
[11]Calvert R W,Bakulin A,Jones T C.Virtual Sources,A New Way to Remove Overburden Problems[C]//Expanded Abstracts of the 2004 EAGE meeting.[S.l.]:European Association of Geoscientists andEngineers,2004:234.
[12]Vasconcelos I,Snieder R.Interferometry by Decon-volution:Part 1:Theory for Acoustic Waves and Nu-merical Examples[J].Geophysics,2008,73(3):S115-S128.
[13]Vasconcelos I,Snieder R.Interferometry by Decon-volution:Part 2:Theory for Elastic Waves and Ap-plication to Drill-Bit Seismic Imaging[J].Geophysics,2008,73(3):S129-S141.
[14]Snieder R.Retrieving the Green’s Function of theDiffusion Equation from the Response to a RandomForcing[J].Physical Review E,2006,74(4):046620.
[15]Snieder R,Fleury C.Cancellation of Spurious Arri-vals in Green’s Function Retrieval of Multiple Scat-tered Waves[J].The Journal of the Acoustical Socie-ty of America,2010,128(4):1598-1605.
[16]殷文.基于频率域高阶有限差分法的正演模拟及并行算法[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2008,38(1):144-151.Yin Wen.Based on High-Order Finite-DifferenceFrequency-Domain Forward Modeling and ParallelAlgorithms[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Sci-ence Edition,2008,38(1):144-151.
[17]Draganov D,Wapenaar K,Thorbecke J.Seismic In-terferometry:Reconstructing the Earth’s ReflectionResponse[J].Geophysics,2006,71(4):S161-S170.
[18]Mehta K,Sheiman J,Snieder R,et al.The Virtual-Source Method Applied to Mars Field OBC Data forTime-Lapse Monitoring[J].SEG Technical ProgramExpanded Abstracts,2007,26(1):2914-2918.
[19]Bejura J.Virtual Real Source[J].SEG TechnicalProgram Expanded Abstracts,2007,26(1):2693-2697.
[20]Mehta K,Bakulin A,Sheiman J,et al.Improvingthe Virtual Source Method by Wavefield Separation[J].Geophysics,2007,72(4):79-86.
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