从冷科1井下部地层的归属探讨柴达木盆地成盆时间
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摘要
冷科 1井是近年来柴达木盆地北缘最重要的一口科学探索井。因该井首次发现了巨厚的新地层 ,所以对该井的4 666～ 5 2 0 0m地层划分存在较大争议。前人主要依据孢粉资料把冷科 1井 4 666～ 5 2 0 0m层段归属为下侏罗统 ,也有人依据从该段发现的海相化石碎片认为该段为石炭系。本文从岩性组合、古生物特征、地震剖面、测井电性及水介质特征等多方面对该层段进行了分析 ,否定了该段为下侏罗统和石炭系的可能 ,认为该段为上三叠统。该研究改变了过去柴达木盆地始于早侏罗世的观点 ,指出柴达木盆地起始于晚三叠世零星分布的断陷沉积
Lengke 1,a well for the scientific research drilling project, is the most important exploration well in the northern Qaidam basin. As great thickness of strata was for the first time discovered in the well, there is much controversy over stratigraphic division of the interval from 4 666 to 5 200 m. Based on the sporopollen assemblage, most geologists hold that the interval is of Lower Jurassic, while some others consider it to be Carboniferous according to some detritus of marine fossils found in this interval. Based on analyzing such characteristics of this interval as its lithological associations,palaeontology,seismic sections,well logging data and water medium quality,this paper rules out the possibility of being Lower Jurassic or Carboniferous,and points out that the strata in this interval are Upper Triassic. This research changes the former idea that Qaidam basin originated in Early Jurassic,and reveals that the basin originated from Late Triassic sporadic rifts.
Lengke 1,a well for the scientific research drilling project, is the most important exploration well in the northern Qaidam basin. As great thickness of strata was for the first time discovered in the well, there is much controversy over stratigraphic division of the interval from 4 666 to 5 200 m. Based on the sporopollen assemblage, most geologists hold that the interval is of Lower Jurassic, while some others consider it to be Carboniferous according to some detritus of marine fossils found in this interval. Based on analyzing such characteristics of this interval as its lithological associations,palaeontology,seismic sections,well logging data and water medium quality,this paper rules out the possibility of being Lower Jurassic or Carboniferous,and points out that the strata in this interval are Upper Triassic. This research changes the former idea that Qaidam basin originated in Early Jurassic,and reveals that the basin originated from Late Triassic sporadic rifts.
引文
陈发景,汪新文.2000.中国西北地区早中侏罗世盆地原形分布.地学前缘,7(4):459～469.
狄恒恕.1984.柴达木盆地北缘逆掩断裂带及其找油前景.石油与天然气地质,5(2):79～87.
顾树松,狄恒恕.1990.柴达木盆地形成机理及其对油气的控制.见:朱夏主编,中国中新生代沉积盆地,北京:石油工业出版社,186～195.
黄汉纯,周显强,王长利.1989.柴达木盆地构造演化与石油富集规律.地质论评,35(4):314～322.
李守军,张洪.2000.柴达木盆地石炭系地层特征与分布.地质科技情报.19(1):1～4.
门相勇,李伟.2001.柴达木盆地北缘沉积凝灰质岩段的地层时代.地质科学,36(2):229～233.
王明儒,胡文义.1997.柴达木盆地北缘侏罗系油气前景.石油勘探与开发,24(5):20～24.
巫礼玉.1992.柴达木盆地晚三叠世孢粉组合.中国油气区地层古生物论文集(三).北京:石油工业出版社,144～149.
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杨永泰,张宝民,李伟,瞿辉.2000.柴达木盆地北缘侏罗系层序地层与沉积相研究.地学前缘,7(3):145～151.
杨永泰,刘桂侠,贾兴友,管俊亚.2002.柴达木盆地北缘上三叠统侏罗系层序特征与含油气系统划分.地球学报,23(1):67～72.
ChenFajing,WangXinwen.2000.PrototypeanalysisofEarlyMiddleJurassicbasinsinnorthwesternChina.EarthScienceFrontiers,7(4):459～469(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
DiHengshu.1984.OverthrustbeltsonthenorthernmarginofQaidambasinandtheiroilprospecting.Oil&GasGeology,5(2):79～87(inChinese).
GuShusong,DiHengshu.1990.MechanismofformationtheQaidambasinanditscontrolon petroleum.MesoCenozoicOilBearingBasinsinChina.Beijing:PetroleumIndustryPress,186～195(inChinese).
HuangHanchun,ZhouXianqiang,WangChangli.1989.Tectonicevolu tionoftheQaidambasinandtheregularityofoilaccumuiation.Geo logicalReview,35(4):314～323(inChinese).
LiShoujun,ZhangHong.2000.CharacteristicsanddistributionofthecarboniferousstrataintheQaidambasin,China.GeologicalScienceandTechnologyInformation,19(1):1～4(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
MenXiangyong,LiWei.2001.Stratigraphictimeofsedimentarytuffa ceousbedinnorthQaidambasin.36(2):229～233(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
WangMingru,HuWenyi.1997.OilandgaspotentialofJurassicstratainnorthernmarginofQaidambasin.PetroleumExplorationandDe velopment,24(5):20～24(inChinesewithEnglishabstact).
WuLiyu.1992.LateTriassicsporopollenassemblagesintheQaidambasin,QinghaiProvince.InTheSymposiumonStratigraphyandPaleontologyofOilandGasBearingAreasinChina(3).Beijing:PetroleumIndustryPress,139～144(inChinese)
XiPing,TangLunhe.1999.ThefossilsporopollenofHuxishanFroma tionoftheLowerJurassicinthenorthernregionoftheQaidam
Basin.inZhu,Z .H .,Zheng,G .G .,andZhao,F .B .,ThesymposiumonsporopollenofoilandgasbasinsinChina,Beijing:PetroleumIndustryPress,139～144(inChinesewithEnglishab stract).
YangYongtai,ZhangBaomin,LiWei,QuHui.2000.Studyofstrati graphicsequenceandsedimentaryfaciesofJurassicsysteminNorthofQaidambasin.EarthScienceFrontiers,7(3):145～151(inChi nesewithEnglishabstract).
YangYongtai,LiuGuixia,JiaXingyou,GuanJunya.2002.Characteris ticsofstratigraphicsequenceandclassificationofpetroleumsystemsinthenorthernQaidambasin.ActaGeoscientiaSinica,23(1):67～72(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
狄恒恕.1984.柴达木盆地北缘逆掩断裂带及其找油前景.石油与天然气地质,5(2):79～87.
顾树松,狄恒恕.1990.柴达木盆地形成机理及其对油气的控制.见:朱夏主编,中国中新生代沉积盆地,北京:石油工业出版社,186～195.
黄汉纯,周显强,王长利.1989.柴达木盆地构造演化与石油富集规律.地质论评,35(4):314～322.
李守军,张洪.2000.柴达木盆地石炭系地层特征与分布.地质科技情报.19(1):1～4.
门相勇,李伟.2001.柴达木盆地北缘沉积凝灰质岩段的地层时代.地质科学,36(2):229～233.
王明儒,胡文义.1997.柴达木盆地北缘侏罗系油气前景.石油勘探与开发,24(5):20～24.
巫礼玉.1992.柴达木盆地晚三叠世孢粉组合.中国油气区地层古生物论文集(三).北京:石油工业出版社,144～149.
席萍,唐伦和.1999.柴达木盆地北部地区下侏罗统湖西山组孢粉化石.见:朱宗浩,郑国光,赵付本编,中国含油气盆地孢粉学论文集.北京:石油工业出版社,139～144.
杨永泰,张宝民,李伟,瞿辉.2000.柴达木盆地北缘侏罗系层序地层与沉积相研究.地学前缘,7(3):145～151.
杨永泰,刘桂侠,贾兴友,管俊亚.2002.柴达木盆地北缘上三叠统侏罗系层序特征与含油气系统划分.地球学报,23(1):67～72.
ChenFajing,WangXinwen.2000.PrototypeanalysisofEarlyMiddleJurassicbasinsinnorthwesternChina.EarthScienceFrontiers,7(4):459～469(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
DiHengshu.1984.OverthrustbeltsonthenorthernmarginofQaidambasinandtheiroilprospecting.Oil&GasGeology,5(2):79～87(inChinese).
GuShusong,DiHengshu.1990.MechanismofformationtheQaidambasinanditscontrolon petroleum.MesoCenozoicOilBearingBasinsinChina.Beijing:PetroleumIndustryPress,186～195(inChinese).
HuangHanchun,ZhouXianqiang,WangChangli.1989.Tectonicevolu tionoftheQaidambasinandtheregularityofoilaccumuiation.Geo logicalReview,35(4):314～323(inChinese).
LiShoujun,ZhangHong.2000.CharacteristicsanddistributionofthecarboniferousstrataintheQaidambasin,China.GeologicalScienceandTechnologyInformation,19(1):1～4(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
MenXiangyong,LiWei.2001.Stratigraphictimeofsedimentarytuffa ceousbedinnorthQaidambasin.36(2):229～233(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
WangMingru,HuWenyi.1997.OilandgaspotentialofJurassicstratainnorthernmarginofQaidambasin.PetroleumExplorationandDe velopment,24(5):20～24(inChinesewithEnglishabstact).
WuLiyu.1992.LateTriassicsporopollenassemblagesintheQaidambasin,QinghaiProvince.InTheSymposiumonStratigraphyandPaleontologyofOilandGasBearingAreasinChina(3).Beijing:PetroleumIndustryPress,139～144(inChinese)
XiPing,TangLunhe.1999.ThefossilsporopollenofHuxishanFroma tionoftheLowerJurassicinthenorthernregionoftheQaidam
Basin.inZhu,Z .H .,Zheng,G .G .,andZhao,F .B .,ThesymposiumonsporopollenofoilandgasbasinsinChina,Beijing:PetroleumIndustryPress,139～144(inChinesewithEnglishab stract).
YangYongtai,ZhangBaomin,LiWei,QuHui.2000.Studyofstrati graphicsequenceandsedimentaryfaciesofJurassicsysteminNorthofQaidambasin.EarthScienceFrontiers,7(3):145～151(inChi nesewithEnglishabstract).
YangYongtai,LiuGuixia,JiaXingyou,GuanJunya.2002.Characteris ticsofstratigraphicsequenceandclassificationofpetroleumsystemsinthenorthernQaidambasin.ActaGeoscientiaSinica,23(1):67～72(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
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