人为物质流及其对城市地质环境的影响
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摘要
人为物质流已成为引起地壳物质运动的一种重要地质营力,深刻地改变着地球的表层系统。分析了人为物质流的含义,并将人为物质流分为一次流、二次流和三次流,讨论了不同层次的人为物质流的产生和流动方式。在此基础上,进一步探讨了人为物质流对城市地质环境的影响,分析了城市地质灾害如地面沉降、地裂缝、地面塌陷、斜坡地质灾害、诱发地震、海平面上升及海水入侵、地下水及岩土污染与人为物质流的关系,并指出规模不断膨大的人为物质流已成为地球和人类社会潜在的灾难。
Anthropogenic material flow has become an important geological agent, which resulted in movements of the crust material and profoundly affected the earth surface system.In this paper,the anthropogenic material flow is classlified into three categories according to the origins and flowage modes. Based on the classification, the influence of anthropogenic material flow on the urban geological disasters is analyzed, such as land subsidence, ground fissure, land collapse, slope disasters, induced earthquake, sea level rise, salt water intrusion, ground water and rock-soil pollution. The results show that the enlargement of anthropogenic material flow has become the potential disasters for the humanbeing.
Anthropogenic material flow has become an important geological agent, which resulted in movements of the crust material and profoundly affected the earth surface system.In this paper,the anthropogenic material flow is classlified into three categories according to the origins and flowage modes. Based on the classification, the influence of anthropogenic material flow on the urban geological disasters is analyzed, such as land subsidence, ground fissure, land collapse, slope disasters, induced earthquake, sea level rise, salt water intrusion, ground water and rock-soil pollution. The results show that the enlargement of anthropogenic material flow has become the potential disasters for the humanbeing.
引文
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[2] 王玉平,金晓媚.中国地下水资源开发与环境保护研究[J].地球学报,1999,20(增刊):868-876.
[3] 钱易,唐炎.环境保护与可持续发展[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000:8,60.
[4] 陈梦熊.关于海平面上升及其环境效应[J].地学前缘,1996,3(1-2):133-140.
[5] 雷祥义.协调人与地质环境的关系(Ⅰ)人类活动对地质环境的影响[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2000,30(4):323-327.
[6] 王思敬.中国城市发展中的地质环境问题[J].第四纪研究,1996(2):115-122.
[7] BERTOLDIGL.Wheredowegofromhere.anewinitiativeforsubsidenceresearchintheUnitedStates[A].HyattRegency,Sacramento,California:AEG.GRA1995AnnualMeeting[Z].1995:35.
[8] TERZAGIK.Principlesofsoilmechanics(Ⅳ):Settlementandconsolidationofclay[J].EngNews＿Rec,1925:874-878.
[9] 潘懋,李铁峰.灾害地质学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2002.
[10] 陈梦熊.关于海平面上升与控制地面沉降∥中国水文地质环境地质问题研究[D].北京:地震出版社,1998:62-70.
[11] MomikuraYoshimasa,SunYao,SatoEiichi.西安的城市地质———对地裂缝的分析∥第30届国际地质大会论文集(第2卷):地学与人类生存、环境、自然灾害[D].北京:地质出版社,1999:162-168.
[12] 王兰生,徐进,赵其华,等.地裂缝、地面沉降及其环境地质效应∥第30届国际地质大会论文集(第2卷):地学与人类生存、环境、自然灾害[D].北京:地质出版社,1999:151-161.
[13] 王景明,王春梅,刘科.地裂缝及其灾害研究的新进展[J].地球科学进展,2001,16(3):303-313.
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