柴达木盆地德令哈坳陷基本地质特征与油气资源潜力评价
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摘要
通过野外地质调查、地震资料综合解释和勘探目标综合评价研究,认为柴达木盆地北缘块断带东段德令哈坳陷是中生代中、晚侏罗世—早白垩世发育起来的伸展坳陷,经历了第三纪的张扭坳陷和第四纪挤压坳陷阶段,坳陷内较稳定地分布了中侏罗统大煤沟组4—7段的烃源岩,还发育有石炭系潜在的烃源岩层系。储层在各层段均有分布,中生界以大煤沟组6段石英砂岩和白垩系的河流三角洲相砂岩为主。圈闭主要分布在凸起构造带,山前还发育推覆构造带,构造形成定型期与油气运聚期配合良好,可形成自生自储、下生上储的储盖组合。通过该坳陷资源潜力与油气远景评价,认为中侏罗统自生自储的成藏组合是现实的勘探领域,托南断阶、宗务隆山前逆冲带及埃姆尼克凸起带为主力生烃凹陷,具有一定勘探前景。
According to the study on field geological survey, comprehensive seismic data interpretation, and general evaluation of exploration targets, Delingha depression, along the eastern segment of the block-faulted zone in the northern margin of Qaidam Basin, is considered as an extensional depression developed in the Middle and Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous of Mesozoic. After undergoing the stages of transtension sag in Tertiary and compressive sag in Quaternary, the hydrocarbon source rocks from Member four to seven of the Dameigou Formation in Middle Jurassic were stably distributed in Delingha depression and potential hydrocarbon generation rocks of Carboniferous were developed in the depression as well. Reservoirs are distributed in all layers, in which the quartz sandstone of Member six in Dameigou Formation and the fluvial deltaic sandstones of Cretaceous are the most common reservoirs of Mesozoic.Traps are mainly distributed in salient belts, and nappe structural belts are developed in the front of mountain area. It is considered that the forming time of structures matches the time of oil and gas reservoir formation, making it possible to form reservoir-seal assemblage featured as self-generation and self-storage and lower-generation and upper storage. According to the assessment on the exploration potential and prospects of the oil and gas resources in Delingha depression, it is believed that the self-generation and self-storage oil-gas reservoir forming assemblage in the Middle Jurassic is the most realistic exploration area. What's more, Tuonan stage benches, the thrusting belt of Zongwulong, and the Aimunike uplift zone are considered to be the major sags for hydrocarbon generation, which have certain exploration prospects.
According to the study on field geological survey, comprehensive seismic data interpretation, and general evaluation of exploration targets, Delingha depression, along the eastern segment of the block-faulted zone in the northern margin of Qaidam Basin, is considered as an extensional depression developed in the Middle and Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous of Mesozoic. After undergoing the stages of transtension sag in Tertiary and compressive sag in Quaternary, the hydrocarbon source rocks from Member four to seven of the Dameigou Formation in Middle Jurassic were stably distributed in Delingha depression and potential hydrocarbon generation rocks of Carboniferous were developed in the depression as well. Reservoirs are distributed in all layers, in which the quartz sandstone of Member six in Dameigou Formation and the fluvial deltaic sandstones of Cretaceous are the most common reservoirs of Mesozoic.Traps are mainly distributed in salient belts, and nappe structural belts are developed in the front of mountain area. It is considered that the forming time of structures matches the time of oil and gas reservoir formation, making it possible to form reservoir-seal assemblage featured as self-generation and self-storage and lower-generation and upper storage. According to the assessment on the exploration potential and prospects of the oil and gas resources in Delingha depression, it is believed that the self-generation and self-storage oil-gas reservoir forming assemblage in the Middle Jurassic is the most realistic exploration area. What's more, Tuonan stage benches, the thrusting belt of Zongwulong, and the Aimunike uplift zone are considered to be the major sags for hydrocarbon generation, which have certain exploration prospects.
引文
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[2]吴汉宁,刘池洋,张小会,等.用古地磁资料探讨柴达木地块构造演化[J].地质科学(D辑),1997,27(1):9～14
[3]汤良杰,金之钧,张明利,等.柴达木盆地构造古地理分析[J].地学前缘,2000,7(4):421～429
[4]谢庆宾,管守锐.从岩相古地理看柴达木盆地侏罗系油气勘探前景[J].古地理学报,2003,5(4)
[5]谢庆宾,管守锐.柴达木盆地北缘侏罗系沉积相类型及储集层评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(2):40～44
[6]姜正龙,孙德君.柴达木盆地北缘下侏罗统含油气系统研究[J].石油勘探与开发,2001,28(6):9～11
[7]王明儒,胡文义,彭德华.柴达木盆地北缘侏罗系油气前景[J].石油勘探与开发,1997,24(5):20～24
[8]杨明慧.德令哈中生代沉积盆地成因类型及其与南祁连山造山带的关系[J].西北地质科学,1999,20(1):15～22
[9]杨明慧,魏永佩.张盆压岭型地洼盆地基底沉降的数值分析与幕式构造—沉积作用[J].大地构造与成矿学,1999,23(2):108～114
[10]李伟,刘宝,白淑艳.柴达木盆地侏罗系地层沉积大迁移及成因分析[J].石油学报,2002,23(6):16～19
[11]吴崇筠,薛叔浩,等.中国含油气盆地沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993
[12]穆剑,汪立群.论柴达木盆地冷湖—南八仙构造带的含油气远景[J].石油学报,1999,20(2):19～22
[13]邵文斌,彭立才,汪立群,等.柴达木盆地北缘井下石炭系烃源岩的发现及其地质意义[J].石油学报,2006,27(4):36～39
[14]陈启林,阎存凤,陈迎宾,等.柴北缘东区中下侏罗统其油气地质特征[J].天然气工业,2005,25(增刊B):37～41
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