美国《洋陆边缘科学计划2004》述评
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摘要
经过16年对科学问题的凝练,美国自然科学基金会公布了《洋陆边缘科学计划2004》。该文献确定了洋陆边缘的4个主要研究领域,即大陆岩石圈裂解、俯冲带物质转换、地震带实验、源 汇系统。该计划传递的一个重要信息是:现代海洋地质科学的重点已经从区域特征的刻画转向“过程”和“方法”的研究,即用系统科学的观点来理解过程、机制、动力学,发展和应用多学科交叉方法、过程模型方法、新型现场观测和采样技术。掌握这些最新动态对于我国边缘海基础研究的进一步深入是十分重要的。
A product of 16 years’ effort, the newly published “NSF MARGINS Program Science Plans 2004” describes in detail four important scientific themes, i.e., Rupturing Continental Lithosphere, Subduction Factory, the Seismogenic Zone Experiment, and Source-to-Sink, for the field of ocean-continent margin researches. An important message from the document to us is that the major foci of modern marine geological sciences have been transferred to “process” and “methodology” aspects, in contrast to the traditional view that earth sciences mainly deal with regional characteristics. The emphasis on process studies implies that the concepts of processes, mechanisms and dynamics should be understood with a systematic view. In order to undertake such studies, new methods and techniques, such as approaches to multidisciplinary research, process models and new measurement/sampling technology, are required. These views should be considered in the marginal sea research in China.
A product of 16 years’ effort, the newly published “NSF MARGINS Program Science Plans 2004” describes in detail four important scientific themes, i.e., Rupturing Continental Lithosphere, Subduction Factory, the Seismogenic Zone Experiment, and Source-to-Sink, for the field of ocean-continent margin researches. An important message from the document to us is that the major foci of modern marine geological sciences have been transferred to “process” and “methodology” aspects, in contrast to the traditional view that earth sciences mainly deal with regional characteristics. The emphasis on process studies implies that the concepts of processes, mechanisms and dynamics should be understood with a systematic view. In order to undertake such studies, new methods and techniques, such as approaches to multidisciplinary research, process models and new measurement/sampling technology, are required. These views should be considered in the marginal sea research in China.
引文
[1] MARGINS Office.NSF MARGINS ProgramSciencePlans2004[M].ColumbiaUniversity,NewYork,2003.
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[6] 中国科学院地学部地学教育咨询组.中国地学教育的未来[J].地球科学进展,2003,18:172—174.[GeoscienceEdu cationConsultantGroup ofCAS.Future of geoscience educa tion inChina[J].Advance inEarthSciences,2003,18:172—174.]
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[2] BernardP.From the search of precursors to the research on“crustal transients”[J].Tectonophysics,2001,338,225—232.
[3] UyedaS.The new view of the earth: moving continents andmoving oceans[M].W.H.Freeman,NewYork,1978.
[4] 高抒,李家彪.中国边缘海的形成演化[M].北京:海洋出版社,2002.[GAO Shu,LI Jia biao.The formation and evolu tion ofChina's marginal seas[M].Beijing:ChinaOceanPress,2002.]
[5] 国土资源部中国地质调查局.新中国海洋地质工作大事记(1949—1999)[M].北京:海洋出版社,2000.[GeologicalSurvey of theMinistry ofNationalNaturalResources,China.MajorEvents ofMarineGeologicalInvestigations inChina(1949—1999)[M].Beijing:ChinaOceanPress,2000.]
[6] 中国科学院地学部地学教育咨询组.中国地学教育的未来[J].地球科学进展,2003,18:172—174.[GeoscienceEdu cationConsultantGroup ofCAS.Future of geoscience educa tion inChina[J].Advance inEarthSciences,2003,18:172—174.]
[7] 刘光鼎.论中国油气二次创业[J].海洋地质动态,2002,18(11):1—3.[LIU Guang ding.The second round of oil and gasexploration ofChina[J].MarineGeologyLetters,2002,18(11):1—3.]
[8] 孙枢.地球数据是地球科学创新的重要源泉[J].地球科学进展,2003,18:334—337.[SUN Shu.Earth data: an importantresource for geoscience innovation[J].Advance inEarthSci ences,2003,18:334—337.]
[9] 汪品先.我国的地球系统科学研究向何处去?[J].地球科学进展,2003,18:837—851.[WANG PinXian.Earth systemscience inChinaQuoVadis?[J].Advance inEarthSciences,2003,18:837—851.]
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