南水北调西线一期工程区泥石流分布特征
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摘要
南水北调西线一期工程区是我国水能资源最为丰富的地区之一,在该区修建水利工程,泥石流是经常遇到的地质灾害问题。在考察论证的基础上,结合工程区泥石流发育与地质构造、地层岩性、气象水文和地形地貌的关系,探讨了泥石流分布规律。研究表明,工程区泥石流沟数量较多,但分布不均匀;泥石流沟流域面积集中于1~5 km2,主沟长度以1~3 km居多,相对高差大多小于1 500 m;70.9%的沟谷坡度为10~30,°88.3%的沟床比降在0.1~0.5之间;泥石流分布受地形地貌的控制,受地质构造和地震的制约,受地层岩性的影响,表现出区域分异的特征。
The area of the 1st stage project of west-line for diverting water from southern to northern China is an area where is rich in hydro-energy resource in China.However,debris flows are the main geological hazards threatening the project construction.Based on field investigation,the distribution of debris flows in the project region is discussed.The following results show:the number of debris flow gullies is large,but their distribution is not even;most debris flow catchment areas are among 1 and 5 km~2;most of the main gully length are between 1 000 and(3 000 m);the altitude of the gully mouth is within(3 000) and 4 000 m,and relative altitude is less than 1 500 m;most slope gradients are between 10° and 30°,and most gully bed ratio is in 0.3 to 0.5;differences of hydro-thermal conditions related to slope lead to different distribution of debris flows;the debris flow distribution is controlled by the geological structures,earthquake,lithology and landform,and it has regional differential rule.
The area of the 1st stage project of west-line for diverting water from southern to northern China is an area where is rich in hydro-energy resource in China.However,debris flows are the main geological hazards threatening the project construction.Based on field investigation,the distribution of debris flows in the project region is discussed.The following results show:the number of debris flow gullies is large,but their distribution is not even;most debris flow catchment areas are among 1 and 5 km~2;most of the main gully length are between 1 000 and(3 000 m);the altitude of the gully mouth is within(3 000) and 4 000 m,and relative altitude is less than 1 500 m;most slope gradients are between 10° and 30°,and most gully bed ratio is in 0.3 to 0.5;differences of hydro-thermal conditions related to slope lead to different distribution of debris flows;the debris flow distribution is controlled by the geological structures,earthquake,lithology and landform,and it has regional differential rule.
引文
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[8]李金郁,陈书涛,张辉,等.南水北调西线第一期工程引水枢纽建坝工程地质条件评价[J].人民黄河,2001,23(10):27-28.
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