断陷湖盆中强制湖退沉积作用及其成因机制
|
摘要
断陷湖盆中相对湖平面下降引起的湖退作用称之为强制湖退作用。强制湖退作用时期若存在沉积物供给盆地,将加速湖退作用,并形成一套具有明显前积结构的强制湖退前积体。强制湖退前积体的顶积层不发育,地震剖面上具斜交前积反射结构。强制湖退前积体的顶界面为层序界面,且伴随有下切谷的形成。气候变化、构造抬升和边界断层的幕式断陷活动引起的盆地缓坡带基底差异沉降运动均可引起断陷湖盆中相对湖平面的下降,也是引起强制湖退作用的三大成因机制。强制湖退前积体具有良好的油气成藏条件,是隐蔽油气藏有利勘探目标。
The lacustrine regression caused by the falling of the relative lake-level in rift basin is called Forced Lacustrine Regression (FLR). Given the sediments supply in FLR period, the lacustrine regression action will be strengthened and, correspondingly, a set of foreset sandbodies with evidently oblique progradational configuration will be formed. The foreset sandbody usually absents the topset beds and shows an oblique progradational reflection configuration on the seismic profile. The top boundary of the foreset sandbody is corresponding to sequence boundary, and often develops incise valleys. Three forming mechanisms that give rise to the FLR can be concluded as climate change, structural uplift and basement differential subsidence in gentle slope caused by episodic movements of boundary faults. They can also lead to the falling of the relative lake-level in rift basin. The foreset sandbody formed in FLR period will be the favorable exploration target as a subtle reservoir due to its good forming conditions for reservoirs.
The lacustrine regression caused by the falling of the relative lake-level in rift basin is called Forced Lacustrine Regression (FLR). Given the sediments supply in FLR period, the lacustrine regression action will be strengthened and, correspondingly, a set of foreset sandbodies with evidently oblique progradational configuration will be formed. The foreset sandbody usually absents the topset beds and shows an oblique progradational reflection configuration on the seismic profile. The top boundary of the foreset sandbody is corresponding to sequence boundary, and often develops incise valleys. Three forming mechanisms that give rise to the FLR can be concluded as climate change, structural uplift and basement differential subsidence in gentle slope caused by episodic movements of boundary faults. They can also lead to the falling of the relative lake-level in rift basin. The foreset sandbody formed in FLR period will be the favorable exploration target as a subtle reservoir due to its good forming conditions for reservoirs.
引文
1 VailPR.Seismicstratigraphyinterpretationusingsequencestratigraphy.PartI: seismicstratigraphyinterpretationprocedure.In:BallyAW,ed.Atlasofseismicstratigraphy.AAPGBulletin,StudiesinGeology,1987,27:11~10
2 PosamentierHW,AllenGP,JamesDPandTessonM.Forcedregres sionsinasequencestratigraphicframework: concepts, examplesandex plorationsignificance.AAPGBulletin,1992,76:1687~1709
3 HuntDandTuckerME.Strandedparasequencesandtheforcedregres sivewedgesystemtracts: depositionduringbase levelfall.SedimentaryGeology,1992,81:1~9
4 NummedalD.Thefallingsealevelsystemstractinrampsettings.Ab stract:MesozoicoftheWesternInterior.SEPMThemeMtg.,Ft.Col lins,CO.1992
5 鹿洪友,操应长,姜在兴,等.断陷湖盆沉积作用的基本方程及其在层序地层学中的应用.石油勘探与开发,2003,30(3):19~22[LuHongyou,CaoYingchang, etal.Sedimentalbasicequationofriftlakebasinanditsapplicationinsequencestratigraphy.PetroleumExplorationandDevelopment,2003,30(3):19~22
6 VanWagonerJC,MitchumRM,CampionKMandRahmanianVD.Siliciclasticsequencestratigraphyinwelllogs,cores,andoutcrops:Con ceptsforhigh resolutioncorrelationoftimeandfacies.AAPGMethodsinExplorationSeries,1990,7:55
7 刘震,曾宪斌,张万选.构造掀斜对单断湖盆湖平面变化的影响.沉积学报,1997,15(4):64~65[LiuZhen,ZengXianfuandZhangWanxuan.Effectoftectonictiltoffaultedblocksonlakelevelchangeofsinglefaultedcontinentalbasins.ActaSedimentologicaSinica,1997,15(4):64~65]
8 胡受权.泌阳断陷双河—赵凹地区下第三系核三上段陆相层序发育的可容空间机制.沉积学报,1998,16(3):102~108[HuShouquan.Accommodationmechanimofterrigenoustequencedevelopmentinfault-depressedLacustrineBasin.ActaSedimentologicaSinica,1998,16(3):102~108]
9 操应长,姜在兴,夏斌.幕式差异沉降运动对断陷湖盆中湖平面和水深变化的影响.石油实验地质,2003,25(4):323~327[CaoYingchang,JiangZaixingandXiaBin.Effectofpisodicdifferentialset tlingmovementonlakelevelandwaterdepthintheriftlacustrinebasin.PetroleumGeologyandExperiment,2003,25(4):323~327]
10 王秉海,钱凯.胜利油区地质研究与勘探实践.山东东营:石油大学出版社,1992[WangBinhaiandQianKai.Geologicalstudyandex plorationpracticeinShengliOilfield.DongyingShandong:PetroleumUniversityPublishingHouse,1992]
11 操应长,姜在兴,夏斌,杨伟利.陆相断陷湖盆T-R层序的特点及其形成机制———以渤海湾盆地东营凹陷下第三系沙三段层序地层为例.地质科学,2004,39(1):111~122[CaoYingchang,JiangZaixing,XiaBinandYangWeili.CharacteristicsandformationalmechanismoftheT-RsequenceinthecontinentalriftlacustrinebasinforanexamplefromDongyingdepression.ChineseJournalofGeology,2004,39(1):111~122]
12 操应长.断陷湖盆层序地层中下降体系域的划分.石油大学学报,2000,24(1):22~25[CaoYingchang.Divisionoffallingstagesystemstractofsequencestratainacontinentalrift subsidencebasin.JournaloftheUniversityofPetroleum,China,2000,24(1):22~25]
13 胡受权,郭文平,颜其彬,等.断陷湖盆陆相层序中体系域四分性探讨.石油学报,2000,21(1):23~28[HuShouquan,GuoWenping,YanQibin, etal.Discussiononsystemstractfour divisionforaterrig enoussequencestratigraphyinfault depressedlacustrinebasin.ActaPetroleiSinica,2000,21(1):23~28]
14 郭彦如银额盆地查干断陷闭流湖盆层序类型与层序地层模式天然气地球科学,2003,14(6):448~452[GuoYanru.SequnceTypesandSequnceStratigraphicModelsofChaganFault\|depressedStagnantLacustrineDepression,YIN-EBasin.NaturalGasGeosci ence,2003,14(6):448~452]
2 PosamentierHW,AllenGP,JamesDPandTessonM.Forcedregres sionsinasequencestratigraphicframework: concepts, examplesandex plorationsignificance.AAPGBulletin,1992,76:1687~1709
3 HuntDandTuckerME.Strandedparasequencesandtheforcedregres sivewedgesystemtracts: depositionduringbase levelfall.SedimentaryGeology,1992,81:1~9
4 NummedalD.Thefallingsealevelsystemstractinrampsettings.Ab stract:MesozoicoftheWesternInterior.SEPMThemeMtg.,Ft.Col lins,CO.1992
5 鹿洪友,操应长,姜在兴,等.断陷湖盆沉积作用的基本方程及其在层序地层学中的应用.石油勘探与开发,2003,30(3):19~22[LuHongyou,CaoYingchang, etal.Sedimentalbasicequationofriftlakebasinanditsapplicationinsequencestratigraphy.PetroleumExplorationandDevelopment,2003,30(3):19~22
6 VanWagonerJC,MitchumRM,CampionKMandRahmanianVD.Siliciclasticsequencestratigraphyinwelllogs,cores,andoutcrops:Con ceptsforhigh resolutioncorrelationoftimeandfacies.AAPGMethodsinExplorationSeries,1990,7:55
7 刘震,曾宪斌,张万选.构造掀斜对单断湖盆湖平面变化的影响.沉积学报,1997,15(4):64~65[LiuZhen,ZengXianfuandZhangWanxuan.Effectoftectonictiltoffaultedblocksonlakelevelchangeofsinglefaultedcontinentalbasins.ActaSedimentologicaSinica,1997,15(4):64~65]
8 胡受权.泌阳断陷双河—赵凹地区下第三系核三上段陆相层序发育的可容空间机制.沉积学报,1998,16(3):102~108[HuShouquan.Accommodationmechanimofterrigenoustequencedevelopmentinfault-depressedLacustrineBasin.ActaSedimentologicaSinica,1998,16(3):102~108]
9 操应长,姜在兴,夏斌.幕式差异沉降运动对断陷湖盆中湖平面和水深变化的影响.石油实验地质,2003,25(4):323~327[CaoYingchang,JiangZaixingandXiaBin.Effectofpisodicdifferentialset tlingmovementonlakelevelandwaterdepthintheriftlacustrinebasin.PetroleumGeologyandExperiment,2003,25(4):323~327]
10 王秉海,钱凯.胜利油区地质研究与勘探实践.山东东营:石油大学出版社,1992[WangBinhaiandQianKai.Geologicalstudyandex plorationpracticeinShengliOilfield.DongyingShandong:PetroleumUniversityPublishingHouse,1992]
11 操应长,姜在兴,夏斌,杨伟利.陆相断陷湖盆T-R层序的特点及其形成机制———以渤海湾盆地东营凹陷下第三系沙三段层序地层为例.地质科学,2004,39(1):111~122[CaoYingchang,JiangZaixing,XiaBinandYangWeili.CharacteristicsandformationalmechanismoftheT-RsequenceinthecontinentalriftlacustrinebasinforanexamplefromDongyingdepression.ChineseJournalofGeology,2004,39(1):111~122]
12 操应长.断陷湖盆层序地层中下降体系域的划分.石油大学学报,2000,24(1):22~25[CaoYingchang.Divisionoffallingstagesystemstractofsequencestratainacontinentalrift subsidencebasin.JournaloftheUniversityofPetroleum,China,2000,24(1):22~25]
13 胡受权,郭文平,颜其彬,等.断陷湖盆陆相层序中体系域四分性探讨.石油学报,2000,21(1):23~28[HuShouquan,GuoWenping,YanQibin, etal.Discussiononsystemstractfour divisionforaterrig enoussequencestratigraphyinfault depressedlacustrinebasin.ActaPetroleiSinica,2000,21(1):23~28]
14 郭彦如银额盆地查干断陷闭流湖盆层序类型与层序地层模式天然气地球科学,2003,14(6):448~452[GuoYanru.SequnceTypesandSequnceStratigraphicModelsofChaganFault\|depressedStagnantLacustrineDepression,YIN-EBasin.NaturalGasGeosci ence,2003,14(6):448~452]
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心