库车坳陷秋里塔格褶皱带几何学和运动学特征与油气圈闭
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摘要
秋里塔格褶皱带是南天山库车前陆冲断带的前缘隆起。通过对地震反射资料的时间—深度转换,结合遥感资料的倾角处理成果及野外实测产状数据,建立较为精确的二维构造剖面,详细阐述了断层相关褶皱在秋里塔格褶皱带的分布及其几何学、运动学特征。研究表明,秋里塔格褶皱带东段、中段深部构造变形表现为台阶状逆断层及其相关褶皱,台阶状逆断层的断坡受早期断陷盆地边缘正断层规模和沉积厚度的控制,断坡高度自东向西由3km递减为1km,构造变形样式相应由单阶断层转折褶皱转换为双重叠加构造;而在秋里塔格褶皱带西段,构造缩短主要被下第三系库姆格列木组内部滑脱断层及下伏枕状膏泥岩所吸收,台阶状逆断层及其相关褶皱消失,东、西段构造类型的差异对“西油东气”的分布格局具有控制作用。
The Qiulitag anticline zone is the thrust front of the Kuqa thrust-and-fold belt along the southern piedmont of Tianshan Mountain. The data of surface geology, two-dimensional seismic reflection profiles and stereoscopic remote-sensing measurements were integrated and used to construct the balanced geologic cross sections and define the subsurface fault and fold geometry. These approaches provide insights into fold-and-thrust belts, where subsurface data are limited. The shape of the thrust faults underlying Qiulitag anticline was controlled by the architecture of the rift basin. The ramp height of the deep fault system was declined from three kilometers in the east regional cross section to one kilometer westward, where an imbricate fault was developed. A three-dimensional geometrical and kinematical model was constructed, and the deformational mechanism was analyzed. The different structures in eastern and western Qiulitag anticline zone resulted in the different types of traps, which controls the hydrocarbon accumulation in the Qiulitag anticlinge zone.
The Qiulitag anticline zone is the thrust front of the Kuqa thrust-and-fold belt along the southern piedmont of Tianshan Mountain. The data of surface geology, two-dimensional seismic reflection profiles and stereoscopic remote-sensing measurements were integrated and used to construct the balanced geologic cross sections and define the subsurface fault and fold geometry. These approaches provide insights into fold-and-thrust belts, where subsurface data are limited. The shape of the thrust faults underlying Qiulitag anticline was controlled by the architecture of the rift basin. The ramp height of the deep fault system was declined from three kilometers in the east regional cross section to one kilometer westward, where an imbricate fault was developed. A three-dimensional geometrical and kinematical model was constructed, and the deformational mechanism was analyzed. The different structures in eastern and western Qiulitag anticline zone resulted in the different types of traps, which controls the hydrocarbon accumulation in the Qiulitag anticlinge zone.
引文
① 管树巍,陈松,王树海.东秋里塔格构造带地震资料处理与区带评价.2000．
① 蔡振中,齐英敏,雷刚材,等.库车坳陷西部勘探目标选择与评价.2001．
② 汤良杰,陈书平,王子煜.库车坳陷西段第三系盐构造样式及圈闭特征.2001．
① 管树巍,陈松,王树海.东秋里塔格构造带地震资料处理与区带评价.2000．
[1] 汪新,贾承造,杨树锋,等.南天山库车冲断褶皱带构造变形时间-以库车河地区为例[J].地质学报,2002,76(1) :55-63。
[2] 汪新,贾承造,杨树锋.南天山库车褶皱带构造几何学和运动学[J].地质科学,2002,37(3) :372-384．
[3] 陈楚铭,卢华复,贾东,等.塔里木盆地北缘库车再生前陆褶皱逆冲带中秋丘里塔格前锋带的构造和油气[J].地质论评,1999,45(4) :423-433．
[4] 卢华复,陈楚铭,刘志宏,等.库车再生前陆逆冲带的构造特征与成因[J].石油学报,2000,21(3) :18-24
[5] 卢华复,贾东,陈楚铭,等.库车新生代构造性质和变形时间[J].地学前缘,1999,6(4) :215-221．
[6] Marrett R, Bentham P A. Geometric analysis of hybrid fault-propagation/detachment folds [J]. Journal of Structural Geology, 1997, 19(3-4) : 243-248．
[7] Poblet J, McClay K.Geometry and kinematics of singlelayer detachment folds[J].AAPG Bulletin, 1996, 80 (7) :1085-1109．
[8] Suppe J. Geometry and kinematics of fault-bend folding [J]. American Journal of Science, 1983, 283: 684-721．
[9] Suppe J, Medwedeff D. Geometry and kinematics of faultpropagation folding [J].Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae,1990, 83(3) : 409-454．
[10] Mitra S. Duplex structures and imbricate thrust systems:geometry, structural position, and hydrocarbon potential [J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1986, 70(9) : 1087--1112．
[11] Rowan M G, Linares R. Fold-evolution matrices and axialsurface analysis of fault-bend folds: application to the Medina anticline, eastern Cordillera, Colombia[J].AAPG Bulletin, 2000, 84(6) : 741-764．
[12] 吕修祥,金之钧、塔北隆起羊塔克构造带油气成藏分析[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2000,24(1) :48-52．
① 蔡振中,齐英敏,雷刚材,等.库车坳陷西部勘探目标选择与评价.2001．
② 汤良杰,陈书平,王子煜.库车坳陷西段第三系盐构造样式及圈闭特征.2001．
① 管树巍,陈松,王树海.东秋里塔格构造带地震资料处理与区带评价.2000．
[1] 汪新,贾承造,杨树锋,等.南天山库车冲断褶皱带构造变形时间-以库车河地区为例[J].地质学报,2002,76(1) :55-63。
[2] 汪新,贾承造,杨树锋.南天山库车褶皱带构造几何学和运动学[J].地质科学,2002,37(3) :372-384．
[3] 陈楚铭,卢华复,贾东,等.塔里木盆地北缘库车再生前陆褶皱逆冲带中秋丘里塔格前锋带的构造和油气[J].地质论评,1999,45(4) :423-433．
[4] 卢华复,陈楚铭,刘志宏,等.库车再生前陆逆冲带的构造特征与成因[J].石油学报,2000,21(3) :18-24
[5] 卢华复,贾东,陈楚铭,等.库车新生代构造性质和变形时间[J].地学前缘,1999,6(4) :215-221．
[6] Marrett R, Bentham P A. Geometric analysis of hybrid fault-propagation/detachment folds [J]. Journal of Structural Geology, 1997, 19(3-4) : 243-248．
[7] Poblet J, McClay K.Geometry and kinematics of singlelayer detachment folds[J].AAPG Bulletin, 1996, 80 (7) :1085-1109．
[8] Suppe J. Geometry and kinematics of fault-bend folding [J]. American Journal of Science, 1983, 283: 684-721．
[9] Suppe J, Medwedeff D. Geometry and kinematics of faultpropagation folding [J].Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae,1990, 83(3) : 409-454．
[10] Mitra S. Duplex structures and imbricate thrust systems:geometry, structural position, and hydrocarbon potential [J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1986, 70(9) : 1087--1112．
[11] Rowan M G, Linares R. Fold-evolution matrices and axialsurface analysis of fault-bend folds: application to the Medina anticline, eastern Cordillera, Colombia[J].AAPG Bulletin, 2000, 84(6) : 741-764．
[12] 吕修祥,金之钧、塔北隆起羊塔克构造带油气成藏分析[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2000,24(1) :48-52．
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