局部地震属性识别火山岩体
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摘要
中国的火山岩储层具有很大的生油潜力,尤其在东北地区的松辽盆地,火山岩广泛发育,如何有效识别火山岩储层具有重要意义。地震属性是一种有效的储层特征分析工具,是研究火山岩空间分布的参数。频率、地震倾角和曲率等属性是利用地震数据识别火山岩的敏感特征。笔者提出利用局部地震属性方法,通过计算地震剖面的局部频率,在局部频率数据体上画出低频的区域范围,对同一剖面计算曲率,在曲率数据体上将高曲率值区域圈出,在地震剖面上将这两个区域进行叠置显示,能够自动识别出火山岩体的可能分布区域,为进一步识别火山岩储层提供指导。
Volcanic rock reservoirs in China have great oil-generating potential,especially in the Songliao Basin,where the volcanic rocks widely existed.Thus,how to recognize the volcanic rock reservoirs effectively is significant.The seismic attribution is an effective analysis tool of reservoir characteristics,which is the parameter to study the spatial distribution of volcanic rocks.Frequency,seismic dip and curvature are sensitive characteristics to identify the volcanic rocks by seismic data.The authors calculate the local frequency in the seismic profile to circle the area of low frequency using the method of local seismic attributes,and then calculate the curvature of the same profile to circle the area of high curvature value in curvature data volume.Overlaying the two areas in seismic profile can recognize the possible distribution area of volcanic rocks and provide guidance to further recognition of volcanic reservoirs.
Volcanic rock reservoirs in China have great oil-generating potential,especially in the Songliao Basin,where the volcanic rocks widely existed.Thus,how to recognize the volcanic rock reservoirs effectively is significant.The seismic attribution is an effective analysis tool of reservoir characteristics,which is the parameter to study the spatial distribution of volcanic rocks.Frequency,seismic dip and curvature are sensitive characteristics to identify the volcanic rocks by seismic data.The authors calculate the local frequency in the seismic profile to circle the area of low frequency using the method of local seismic attributes,and then calculate the curvature of the same profile to circle the area of high curvature value in curvature data volume.Overlaying the two areas in seismic profile can recognize the possible distribution area of volcanic rocks and provide guidance to further recognition of volcanic reservoirs.
引文
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[17]Yi L.Computation of dips and azimuths with weightedstructural tensor approach[J].Geophysics,2006,71(5):119-121.
[18]刘洋,王典,刘财,等.局部相关加权中值滤波技术及其在叠后随机噪声衰减中的应用[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(2):358-367.LIU Yang,WANG Dian,LIU Cai,et al.Weighted me-dian filter based on local correlation and its applicationto poststack random noise attenuation[J].Chinese JGeophys,2011,54(2):358-367.
[19]杜婧,王尚旭,刘国昌,等.基于局部斜率属性的VSP波场分离研究[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(7):1867-1872.DU Jing,WANG Shang-xu,LIU Guo-chang,et al.VSP wavefield separation using local slopes attribute[J].Chinese J Geophys,2009,52(7):1867-1872.
[20]Fomel S.Applications of plane-wave destruction filters[J].Geophysics,2002,67(6):1946-1960.
[21]Roberts A.Curvature attributes and their application to3D interpreted horizons[J].First Break,2001,19(2):85-100.
[22]White R E.Properties of instantaneous seismic attrib-utes[J].The Leading Edge,1991,10:26-32.
[23]Zeng H,Geologic significance of anomalous instantane-ous frequency[J].Geophysics,2010,75(3):23-30.
[2]Ostrander W J.Plane-wave reflection coefficients for gassands at nonnormal angles of incidence[J].Geophys-ics,1984,49(10):1637-1648.
[3]Koefoed O.On the effect of Poisson's ratios of rock strataon the reflection coefficients of Plane waves[J].Geo-physical Prospecting,1955,3(4):381-387.
[4]石颖,刘洪.地震信号的复地震道分析及应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(5):1538-1543.SHI Ying,LIU Hong.Complex seismic trace analysis ofseismic signal and its application[J].Progress in Geo-physics,2008,23(5):1538-1543.
[5]崔凤林,勾永峰,蔡朝晖.用于火山岩预测的地震属性提取及有效性分析方法研究[J].石油物探,2005,44(6):598-600.CUI Feng-lin,GOU Yong-feng,CAI Zhao-hui.The ab-straction of seismic attributes and its effectiveness in vol-canic prediction[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petro-leum,2005,44(6):598-600.
[6]张延玲,杨长春,贾曙光.地震属性技术的研究和应用[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1129-1133.ZHANG Yan-ling,YANG Chang-chun,JIA Shu-guang.The application of the seismic attributes[J].Progress inGeophysics,2005,20(4):1129-1133.
[7]王泽胜,段天友,杨飞.地震属性分析在中拐五八区火山岩储层预测中的应用[J].内蒙古石油化工,2008,34(21):88,89.WANG Ze-sheng,DUAN Tian-you,YANG Fei.The ap-plication of seismic attribute analysis in 758 area volcanicreservoir prediction[J].Inner Mongolia PetrochemicalIndustry,2008,34(21):88,89.
[8]张凤莲,曹国银,李玉清,等.地震属性分析技术在松辽北徐东地区火山岩裂缝中的应用[J].大庆石油学院学报,2007,31(2):12-14.ZHANG Feng-lian,CAO Guo-yin,LI Yu-qing,et al.Seismic property analysis in the application of the lavacrack research at the area of Xudong in Songbei[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2007,31(2):12-14.
[9]赵健,高福红.测井资料交会图法在火山岩岩性识别中的应用[J].世界地质,2003,22(2):136-140.ZHAO Jian,GAO Fu-hong.Application of crossplotsbased on well log data in identifying volcanic lithology[J].Global Geology,2003,22(2):136-140.
[10]罗红明,朱培民.地震序列属性分析在储层预测中的应用[J].世界地质,2004,23(2):187-200.LUO Hong-ming,ZHU Pei-min.Application of seismicsequence attribute analysis in reservoir[J].GlobalGeology,2004,23(2):187-200.
[11]James D,Robertson D,Fisher A.Complex seismictrace attributes[J].The Leading Edge,1988,7(6):22-26.
[12]Taner M T,Koehler F,Sheriff R E.Complex seismictrace analysis[J].Geophysics,1979,44(6):1041-1063.
[13]Bahorich M,Farmar S.3-D seismic discontinuity forfaults and stratigraphic features.The coherence cubs[J].The Leading Edge,1995,14(10):1053-1058.
[14]Fomel S.Local seismic attributes[J].Geophysics,2007,72(3):29-33.
[15]Tikhonov A N.Solution of incorrectly formulated prob-lems and the regularization method[J].Soviet Mathe-matical Doklady,1963,4:1035-1038.
[16]Fomel S.Shaping regularization in geophysical estima-tion problems[J].Geophysics,2007,72(2):29-36.
[17]Yi L.Computation of dips and azimuths with weightedstructural tensor approach[J].Geophysics,2006,71(5):119-121.
[18]刘洋,王典,刘财,等.局部相关加权中值滤波技术及其在叠后随机噪声衰减中的应用[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(2):358-367.LIU Yang,WANG Dian,LIU Cai,et al.Weighted me-dian filter based on local correlation and its applicationto poststack random noise attenuation[J].Chinese JGeophys,2011,54(2):358-367.
[19]杜婧,王尚旭,刘国昌,等.基于局部斜率属性的VSP波场分离研究[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(7):1867-1872.DU Jing,WANG Shang-xu,LIU Guo-chang,et al.VSP wavefield separation using local slopes attribute[J].Chinese J Geophys,2009,52(7):1867-1872.
[20]Fomel S.Applications of plane-wave destruction filters[J].Geophysics,2002,67(6):1946-1960.
[21]Roberts A.Curvature attributes and their application to3D interpreted horizons[J].First Break,2001,19(2):85-100.
[22]White R E.Properties of instantaneous seismic attrib-utes[J].The Leading Edge,1991,10:26-32.
[23]Zeng H,Geologic significance of anomalous instantane-ous frequency[J].Geophysics,2010,75(3):23-30.
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