晕-源对比暨油气化探基础原理研究思考
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摘要
在松辽梨树、鄂尔多斯、川西、苏北天长、塔北雅克拉等地区,应用色谱-质谱(GC -MS)、紫外吸收光谱(UV)、全扫描荧光(TSF)等方法对浅表微迹烃(小于1 0 -6)进行了测定,证实地下油气源确实存在垂向微运移,并在其上方形成分散场(晕)的晕-源关系,即使是深逾5 0 0 0m具严密盖层的油气藏也不例外。针对目前油气化探基础原理研究比较薄弱的状况,对油气化探基础原理的研究,应从深部地球化学场的观测入手,结合精细的地震地质资料追溯烃类微渗漏的形迹脉络,印证不同的机理假设;同时,还应重视地下油气微渗漏的动态观测,加强组构地球化学场及其异常成因的研究,加快进行有关机理的模拟实验
GC-MS,UV and TSF have been used to measure traces of hydrocarbons (<10~(-6))in shallow and surface layers in various areas, such as Lishu of Songliao, Ordos, western Sichuan, Tianchang of Northern Jiangsu and Yakela of Northern Tarim. Vertical micro-migrations of hydrocarbons from subsurface sources have thus been proved, which would result in halo-source relationship of dispersion haloes over the sources. There will be no exception even if the reservoirs are buried at a depth of over 5?000?m and there are tight seals. Presently, study of the basic principles of geochemical exploration is relatively weak. In view of this situation, we should begin with the observation of geochemical fields at depth, and determine the traces of micro-percolation of hydrocarbons in combination with fine seismic and geologic data, so as to verify different mechanism hypotheses. At the same time, we should also pay attention to dynamic observation of subsurface hydrocarbon micro-percolation, strengthen study of fabric geochemical field and genesis of geochemical anomalies, and speed up the simulation tests of relevant mechanisms.
GC-MS,UV and TSF have been used to measure traces of hydrocarbons (<10~(-6))in shallow and surface layers in various areas, such as Lishu of Songliao, Ordos, western Sichuan, Tianchang of Northern Jiangsu and Yakela of Northern Tarim. Vertical micro-migrations of hydrocarbons from subsurface sources have thus been proved, which would result in halo-source relationship of dispersion haloes over the sources. There will be no exception even if the reservoirs are buried at a depth of over 5?000?m and there are tight seals. Presently, study of the basic principles of geochemical exploration is relatively weak. In view of this situation, we should begin with the observation of geochemical fields at depth, and determine the traces of micro-percolation of hydrocarbons in combination with fine seismic and geologic data, so as to verify different mechanism hypotheses. At the same time, we should also pay attention to dynamic observation of subsurface hydrocarbon micro-percolation, strengthen study of fabric geochemical field and genesis of geochemical anomalies, and speed up the simulation tests of relevant mechanisms.
引文
张百灵,陈炜,王新维,等.新疆塔里木盆地北部化探技术方法及其应用研究报告.1995
汤玉平,龚维琪,邓树立,等.油气化探异常类型及成因机理研究报告.1997
陈力,刘运黎.四川盆地川西新都、广汉、金堂、德阳地区油气化探普查报告.1994
龚维琪.松辽盆地南部区域化探综合报告.地质矿产部石油地质综合大队,1982
汤玉平,龚维其,邓树立,等.油气化探异常类型及成因机理研究报告.1997
伊萨耶夫BП.油气藏上的气体分散晕的结构.郑汉璇译.1990
1 陈炜.油气化探中的轻烃指纹法[J].石油实验地质,1992,14(4):410～419ChenWei.Amethodoflighthydrocarbonfingerprintinpetroleumchemicalexploration[J].PetroleumGeology&Ex periment,1992,14(4):410-419
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7 汤玉平,唐艳玲,胡斌,等.荧光光谱在烃类垂向微运移研究中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(4):370～371TangYuping,TangYanling,HuBin,etal.Applicationoffluores cencespectrumtostudiesofhydrocarbonmicro_migrationinver ticaldirection[J].Oil&GasGeology,2000,21(4):370-371
8 程军,刘崇禧,郭旭升,等.油气垂向微运移的证据及特点[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(3):236～240ChengJun,LiuCongxi,GuoXusheng,etal.Evidenceandcharac teristicsofoilandgasverticalmicro_migration[J].Oil&GasGeology,2000,21(3):236-240
9 汤玉平,蒋涛,刘运黎.油气藏不同部位ΔC差异性分析[J].石油与天然气地质,1999,20(1):76～77TangYuping,JiangTao,LiuYunli.DifferentialanalysisofΔCindiffer entpartsofoil_gaspools[J].Oil&GasGeology,1999,20(1):76-77
10 JonesVT ,DrodzRJ .Apredictionontheoil/gaspotentialwiththeapplicationofnear surfacegeochemicalexploration[J].AAPGBull,1983,67(6):
11 龚维琪,吴学明,毛道善,等.论油气藏上方组构异常及其指矿性[A].见:阮天健,吴昌荣.第五届全国勘查地球化学会议论文集[C].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1994.89～93GongWeiqi,WuXueming,MaoDaoshanetal.Discussiononfabricanomaliesmetoveroil/gasreservoirsandtheirindicationforoil/gasfields[A].In:RuanTianjian,WuChangrong.Selectionpapersfromthe5thnationalconventionofexplorationgeochemistry[C].Wuhan:ChinaUniversityofGeosciencesPress,1994.89-93
12 刘运黎.似源组构异常在油气化探中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2003,24(2):184～186,190LiuYunli.Applicationofsource_similarfabricanomalyanalysisinpetroleum geochemicalexploration[J].Oil&GasGeology,2003,24(2):184-186,190
13 陈力.油气地球化学勘探解释评价的思路走向[J].石油与天然气地质,1996,17(2):164～166ChenLi.Interpretationandevaluationthinkingofoilgeochemicalexploration[J].Oil&GasGeology,1996,17(2):164-166
14 普洛特尼柯夫MИ.论裂隙岩层的含水条件[M ].再造,译.北京:地质出版社,1959PlotnikovME .Discussiononwater bearingconditioninfissuredrocks[M ].TranelatedbyZaiZao.Beijing:GeologicalPublishingHouse,1959
15 索柯洛夫BA .油气运移[M].郑厚安,译.北京:科学出版社,1959SokolovVA .Petroleummigration[M].TranslatedbyZhengHou’an.Bei jing:SciencePress,1959
汤玉平,龚维琪,邓树立,等.油气化探异常类型及成因机理研究报告.1997
陈力,刘运黎.四川盆地川西新都、广汉、金堂、德阳地区油气化探普查报告.1994
龚维琪.松辽盆地南部区域化探综合报告.地质矿产部石油地质综合大队,1982
汤玉平,龚维其,邓树立,等.油气化探异常类型及成因机理研究报告.1997
伊萨耶夫BП.油气藏上的气体分散晕的结构.郑汉璇译.1990
1 陈炜.油气化探中的轻烃指纹法[J].石油实验地质,1992,14(4):410～419ChenWei.Amethodoflighthydrocarbonfingerprintinpetroleumchemicalexploration[J].PetroleumGeology&Ex periment,1992,14(4):410-419
2 KlusmanRW .VoorheesKJ,HikeyJC ,etal.ApplicationoftheK Vfingerprinttechniqueforpetroleumexploration[A].In:DavidsonMJ.Unconventionalmethodsinexplorationforpetroleumandnaturalgas(IV)[C].Dallas:SouthernMethodistUniversityPerss,1986.219-244
3 李广之.轻烃地球化学场的形成和特征[J].石油与天然气地质,1999,20(1):66～69LiGuangzhi.Formationandcharacteristicsoflighthydrocarbongeochemicalfields[J].Oil&GasGeology,1999,20(1):66-69
4 雍克岚.三维荧光指纹技术及其地球化学勘探中的应用[J].石油实验地质,1992,14(4):432～442YongKelan.Threedimentionalfluorescentfingerprinttechniquesanditsapplicationtopetroleumexploration[J].PetroleumGeol ogy&Experiment,1992,14(4):432-442
5 龚维琪.油气化探基础研究-塔里木盆地东北部油气垂直微运移证据[A].见:贾润胥.中国塔里木盆地油气地质研究(第三辑)[C].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1991.136～142GongWeiqi.Fundamentalresearchofpetroleumgeochemicalex ploration-evidenceofverticalmicro migrationofoilandgasinnortheasternTarimbasin[A ].In:JiaRunxu.ResearchofpetroleumgeologyinTarimbasin,China(PartⅢ)[C].Wuhan:ChinaUniversityofGeosciencesPress,1991.136-142
6 饶纪龙.地球化学中的热力学[M ].北京:科学出版社,1979RaoJilong.Dynamicsingeochemistry[M ].Beijing:SciencePress,1979
7 汤玉平,唐艳玲,胡斌,等.荧光光谱在烃类垂向微运移研究中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(4):370～371TangYuping,TangYanling,HuBin,etal.Applicationoffluores cencespectrumtostudiesofhydrocarbonmicro_migrationinver ticaldirection[J].Oil&GasGeology,2000,21(4):370-371
8 程军,刘崇禧,郭旭升,等.油气垂向微运移的证据及特点[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(3):236～240ChengJun,LiuCongxi,GuoXusheng,etal.Evidenceandcharac teristicsofoilandgasverticalmicro_migration[J].Oil&GasGeology,2000,21(3):236-240
9 汤玉平,蒋涛,刘运黎.油气藏不同部位ΔC差异性分析[J].石油与天然气地质,1999,20(1):76～77TangYuping,JiangTao,LiuYunli.DifferentialanalysisofΔCindiffer entpartsofoil_gaspools[J].Oil&GasGeology,1999,20(1):76-77
10 JonesVT ,DrodzRJ .Apredictionontheoil/gaspotentialwiththeapplicationofnear surfacegeochemicalexploration[J].AAPGBull,1983,67(6):
11 龚维琪,吴学明,毛道善,等.论油气藏上方组构异常及其指矿性[A].见:阮天健,吴昌荣.第五届全国勘查地球化学会议论文集[C].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1994.89～93GongWeiqi,WuXueming,MaoDaoshanetal.Discussiononfabricanomaliesmetoveroil/gasreservoirsandtheirindicationforoil/gasfields[A].In:RuanTianjian,WuChangrong.Selectionpapersfromthe5thnationalconventionofexplorationgeochemistry[C].Wuhan:ChinaUniversityofGeosciencesPress,1994.89-93
12 刘运黎.似源组构异常在油气化探中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2003,24(2):184～186,190LiuYunli.Applicationofsource_similarfabricanomalyanalysisinpetroleum geochemicalexploration[J].Oil&GasGeology,2003,24(2):184-186,190
13 陈力.油气地球化学勘探解释评价的思路走向[J].石油与天然气地质,1996,17(2):164～166ChenLi.Interpretationandevaluationthinkingofoilgeochemicalexploration[J].Oil&GasGeology,1996,17(2):164-166
14 普洛特尼柯夫MИ.论裂隙岩层的含水条件[M ].再造,译.北京:地质出版社,1959PlotnikovME .Discussiononwater bearingconditioninfissuredrocks[M ].TranelatedbyZaiZao.Beijing:GeologicalPublishingHouse,1959
15 索柯洛夫BA .油气运移[M].郑厚安,译.北京:科学出版社,1959SokolovVA .Petroleummigration[M].TranslatedbyZhengHou’an.Bei jing:SciencePress,1959
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