冷湖构造带西段新生界构造模型及变形特征
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摘要
结合地面地质调查和钻井资料,对柴达木盆地北缘4-5号构造三维地震资料进行了精细解释,厘定了构造要素,建立了构造模型。4-5号构造总体表现为近南北向被断层复杂化的背斜,但南北深浅层次构造又有所不同,4号构造是一被断裂复杂化了的箱状背斜,5号构造总体表现为斜歪背斜,但上下层变形样式不同,组合成复杂的构造叠置;4号、5号构造过渡区为断裂斜歪背斜。4-5号构造带复杂的构造样式受控于褶皱作用和剖面“X”型断裂作用的联合影响,断层的发育程度决定着构造样式。不整合和断层组合显示构造的形成主要在下油砂山组沉积后的喜马拉雅运动晚期,受南西-北东向挤压,且构造的形成与侏罗系的分布有关。
The 3D seismic information from Structure 4 and Structure 5 in northern margin of Qaidam basin are fine interpreted, integrated with data of surface geological survey and drilling. By determining the structural elements, its tectonic model is developed. Structure 4 and Structure 5 occur as fault-complicated anticlines of S-N trend, with slight difference in structural depth to some extent. Structure 4 is a box-like anticline and Structure 5 an oblique one, but they have different deformation styles in overlying and underlying zones, which shape complex structural superimposition. The transition zone between Structure 4 and Structure 5 occur as faulted and oblique anticline. The study shows that the belt of Structure 4-5 is controlled by both folding and X-style faulting, and the structural style lies on the faulting development. Based on the unconformity and the fault assemblage, the period of forming these structures should be in late Himalayan movement when Lower Youshashan formation was deposited, with compression of SW-NE direction. The formation of these structures is also related with the Jurassic distribution in this area.
The 3D seismic information from Structure 4 and Structure 5 in northern margin of Qaidam basin are fine interpreted, integrated with data of surface geological survey and drilling. By determining the structural elements, its tectonic model is developed. Structure 4 and Structure 5 occur as fault-complicated anticlines of S-N trend, with slight difference in structural depth to some extent. Structure 4 is a box-like anticline and Structure 5 an oblique one, but they have different deformation styles in overlying and underlying zones, which shape complex structural superimposition. The transition zone between Structure 4 and Structure 5 occur as faulted and oblique anticline. The study shows that the belt of Structure 4-5 is controlled by both folding and X-style faulting, and the structural style lies on the faulting development. Based on the unconformity and the fault assemblage, the period of forming these structures should be in late Himalayan movement when Lower Youshashan formation was deposited, with compression of SW-NE direction. The formation of these structures is also related with the Jurassic distribution in this area.
引文
1)陈发景.前陆(或挠曲)盆地分析,中国地质大学内部资料,1992.
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[8]王伟锋.准噶尔盆地构造演化与油气系统研究[D].中国地震局地质研究所博士论文,1998.23-59.
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1)李刚.柴达木盆地新生代构造变形机制的物理实验模拟研究,中国石油大学硕士论文,2005.
[1]黄汉纯,黄庆华,马寅生.柴达木盆地地质与油气预测[M].北京:地质出版社,1996.69-87.
[2]姜春发,杨经绥,冯秉贵,等.昆仑开合构造[M].北京:地质出版社,1992.
[3]肖序常,汤耀庆,冯益民,等.新疆北部及其邻区大地构造[M].北京:地质出版社,1992.
[4]Hendrix M S,Graham S A,Carroll A R,et al.Sedimentary record and climatic implications of recurrent deformation in the Tian Shan:evidence from Mesozoic strata of the north Tarim,south Junggaar and Turpan basins,northwest China[J].GeologicalSocietyofAmericanBulletin,1992,104:53-59.
[5]Graham S A,Hendrix MS,Wang L B,et al.Collisional suc-cessor basins ofwestern China:impact of tectonic inheritance on sand composition[J].Geological Society of American Bulletin,1993,105:323-344.
[6]Harrison J C.Tectonics and kinematics of a foreland folded belt influenced bysalt,arctic Canada[A].in:Jackson MP A,Roberts D G,Snelson S.Salt tectonincs:a global perspective[C].AAPGMemoir,1995,65:41-60.
[7]陆克政.构造地质学教程[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社,1996.199-215.
[8]王伟锋.准噶尔盆地构造演化与油气系统研究[D].中国地震局地质研究所博士论文,1998.23-59.
[9]和钟铧,刘招君,郭巍,等.柴达木北缘中生代盆地的成因类型及构造沉积演化[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2002,32(4):333-339
[10]Suppe J.Geometry and kinematics of fault-bend folding[J].American Journal ofScience,1983,283:684-721.
[11]Suppe J.Geometry and kinematics of fault-propagation folding[J].Eclogae Geological Helvetiae,1983,83(3):409-454.
[12]Mitra S.Fault-propagation flods:geometry,kinematics and hydrocarbon traps[J].AAPG Bulletin,1990,74(6):921-945.
1)李刚.柴达木盆地新生代构造变形机制的物理实验模拟研究,中国石油大学硕士论文,2005.
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