多波勘探中一些物理负效应的野外补偿方法
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摘要
PS转换波勘探采用纵波震源,具有采集成本低及劳动强度小的特点,在识别岩性、孔隙中的流体性质以及裂缝描述等方面发挥着日益重要的作用。但在实际多分量采集设计和施工中,或多或少忽略了PS波的传播特性、反射强度、波型转换、介质吸收以及检波器组合等因素的物理负效应,特别忽略了精细的采集设计和合理的采集参数所能带给资料上的细微变化对地质解释的贡献。归纳了导致P波和PS波的传播特性和造成地震成像差异的原因,给出了在野外采集中的补偿办法,并通过实例总结出以前勘探实践中忽略的因素,得出的结论对传统的P波勘探和转换波勘探都有着重要的借鉴作用。
PS converted wave exploration is playing more and more important role in fields of geophysical interpretation, such as lithology identification, pore fluid characteristics i-dentification and fractured reservoir description. However, some negative physical effects tend to be neglected in the design of layout and acquisition of multicomponent seismic data owing to lack considerations of P and PS wave propagation behaviors, reflective intensity, mode conversion, absorption and geophone array. By reviewing and analyzing existing discussions about the propagation behaviors and different imaging abilities for P- and PS-wave, this paper put forward some factors that were neglected in past exploration practice, and proposed some compensation methods during data acquisition. Traditional P and PS converted wave exploration may benefit from the results.
PS converted wave exploration is playing more and more important role in fields of geophysical interpretation, such as lithology identification, pore fluid characteristics i-dentification and fractured reservoir description. However, some negative physical effects tend to be neglected in the design of layout and acquisition of multicomponent seismic data owing to lack considerations of P and PS wave propagation behaviors, reflective intensity, mode conversion, absorption and geophone array. By reviewing and analyzing existing discussions about the propagation behaviors and different imaging abilities for P- and PS-wave, this paper put forward some factors that were neglected in past exploration practice, and proposed some compensation methods during data acquisition. Traditional P and PS converted wave exploration may benefit from the results.
引文
1 Garotta R, Granger P Y. Some requirements for PS-mode acquisition[J]. The Leading Edge,2003, 22(2): 106-112
2 张树林.近海多波地震技术在高温高压气藏勘探中的应 用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(5):563-571
3 石玉梅,姚逢昌,曹宏.多波多分量天然气勘探技术的进 展[J].勘探地球物理进展,2003,26(3):172-177
4 郑宏善,张山,胡忠平,等.联合应用高分辨率和转换波 资料进行储层预测[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33 (增刊2):70-77
5 Vermeer G. Responses to wide-azimuth acquisition special section[J]. The Leading Edge, 2003,22(1):26-30
6 梁传坤.噪声强度和地震接收系统[J].石油物探,32 (3):93-101
2 张树林.近海多波地震技术在高温高压气藏勘探中的应 用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(5):563-571
3 石玉梅,姚逢昌,曹宏.多波多分量天然气勘探技术的进 展[J].勘探地球物理进展,2003,26(3):172-177
4 郑宏善,张山,胡忠平,等.联合应用高分辨率和转换波 资料进行储层预测[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33 (增刊2):70-77
5 Vermeer G. Responses to wide-azimuth acquisition special section[J]. The Leading Edge, 2003,22(1):26-30
6 梁传坤.噪声强度和地震接收系统[J].石油物探,32 (3):93-101
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