基准面变化幅度半定量分析技术及其应用
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摘要
基准面是抽象的、非物理的、一个变化的势能面,其通过制约可容空间变化控制着地层的沉积与保存作用。湖相沉积受构造控制作用强,地震上超点法难以用来确定基准面的变化幅度。通过录井岩性资料中沉积物类型及其叠加特征可以反推相对可容空间的变化幅度。依据砂岩—泥岩旋回的厚度分布,选取丰度最高值区间的中值厚度或平均旋回厚度为统计区间,自目的层底部向顶部统计各区间内砂岩、泥岩厚度,计算泥岩百分含量,并赋以不同泥岩百分含量相应的基准面变化值,可半定量分析基准面变化幅度。应用该方法可明确不同地区可容空间的变化特征,识别转换面和划分基准面旋回,并分析基准面旋回变化对沉积相分配的控制作用。该方法在滨浅湖滩坝相砂、泥岩薄互层的基准面旋回划分和对比中应用,建立了高精度等时地层格架。
Base level is an imaginary level surface and as a matter of fact, a very physical potential energy level at the same time, which controls stratum depositional and conservation by increasing or decreasing accommodation space. Lacustrine sedimentation is mainly controlled by tectonic action. Seismic onlap pinch out boundary is difficult to be used for confirming excursion of the base level. The sediment types and their superimposed features in log data can conversely verify the rangeability of relative accommodation space. In the light of thickness distribution of the sand shale sequence cycle, we can semiquantitatively analysis rangeability of the base level by selecting middle thickness or average thickness of the maximal bearing value area as statistics area, then accounting thickness of sand and shale of every area from bottom to top, and calculating percentage of the mudstone which endowed with different "base level variety numerical value". The method is suitable to make definite the changing features of accommodation space, to recognize transform surfaces and base level cycle, and to analysis the dominance for precipitation facies partition. It is applied in base level cycle division and comparison of offshore sedimentation sand or sand shale alternate layer to establish high resolution equitime framework.
Base level is an imaginary level surface and as a matter of fact, a very physical potential energy level at the same time, which controls stratum depositional and conservation by increasing or decreasing accommodation space. Lacustrine sedimentation is mainly controlled by tectonic action. Seismic onlap pinch out boundary is difficult to be used for confirming excursion of the base level. The sediment types and their superimposed features in log data can conversely verify the rangeability of relative accommodation space. In the light of thickness distribution of the sand shale sequence cycle, we can semiquantitatively analysis rangeability of the base level by selecting middle thickness or average thickness of the maximal bearing value area as statistics area, then accounting thickness of sand and shale of every area from bottom to top, and calculating percentage of the mudstone which endowed with different "base level variety numerical value". The method is suitable to make definite the changing features of accommodation space, to recognize transform surfaces and base level cycle, and to analysis the dominance for precipitation facies partition. It is applied in base level cycle division and comparison of offshore sedimentation sand or sand shale alternate layer to establish high resolution equitime framework.
引文
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9张世奇,任延广.松辽盆地中生代沉积基准面变化研究[J].长安大学学报,2003,25(2):1-5[Zhang Shiqi,Ren Yanguang.Mesozoic Base level of deposition variety investigation in Songliao Basin[J].Journal of Chang’an University,2003,25(2):1-5]
10纪友亮,张世奇.陆相断陷湖盆层序地层学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996:11-19[Ji Youliang,Zhang Shiqi.Nonmarine Fault De-pression Basin Sequence Stratigraphy[M].Beijing:Petroleum Indus-try Press,1996:11-19]
11李江涛,李增学,余继峰,等.基于测井数据小波变换的层序地层对比[J].沉积学报,2005,23(4):639-645[Li Jiangtao,Li Zengx-ue,Yu Jifeng,et al.Sequence stratigraphic comparion based on wavelet transform of logging information[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2005,23(4):639-645]
12张占松.测井资料识别层序的方法及问题讨论[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(5):119-121[Zhang Zhansong.Discussion on the meth-od of recognition on stratigraphic sequence by logging information[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2000,27(5):119-121]
13王志坤,王多云,宋广寿,等.测井信号小波分析在高分辨率层序地层划分中的应用[J].大庆石油学院学报,2005,29(6):17-20[Wang Zhikun,Wang Duoyun,Song Guangshou,et al.Application of logging signal wavelet analysis in high resolution sequence strati-graphic division[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum College,2005,29(6):17-20]
2邓宏文,王红亮,祝永军,等.高分辨率层序地层学原理及应用[M].北京:地质出版社,2002:3-15[Deng Hongwen,Wang Hongli-ang,Zhu Yongjun,et al.The Principle and Application of High Reso-lution Sequence Stratigraphy[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2002:3-15]
3Cross TA.High-relolutions stratigraphic correlation fromthe perspective of base-level cycles and sediment accommodations[C]∥Dolson J,ed.Unconformity related hydrocarbon exploration and accumulation in clas-tic and carbonate settings.Short Course Notes,Rocky Mountain Associ-ation of Geologists,1991:28-41
4Vail P R,Mitchunm R M,Todd R G,et al.Seismic stratigraphy and global changes of sea level[C]∥Payton C E,ed.Seismic stratigraphy-application to hydrocarbon exploration.AAPG Memoir,1977,26:83-97
5樊太亮,李庆谋.沉积基准面变化分析技术及其应用[J].石油与天然气地质,1997,18(2):108-114[Fan Tailiang,Li Qingmou.Analytic technique and its application of base level of deposition[J].Petroleum and Natural Gas Geology,1997,18(2):108-114]
6郑荣才,彭军,吴朝容.陆相盆地基准面旋回的级次划分和研究意义[J].沉积学报,2001,19(2):249-255[Zheng Rongcai,Peng Jun,Wu Chaorong.Grade division of base-level of terrigenous basin and its implications[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2001,19(2):249-255]
7Fischer AG.The Lofter Cyclothems of the Alpine Triassic[J].Kansas Geological Survey Bulletin,1964,169(1):107-149
8Read J F,Goldhammer P K.Use of Fischer plots to define third-order sea-level curves in Ordovician peritidal cyclic carbonates,Appalachians[J].Geology,1988,895-899
9张世奇,任延广.松辽盆地中生代沉积基准面变化研究[J].长安大学学报,2003,25(2):1-5[Zhang Shiqi,Ren Yanguang.Mesozoic Base level of deposition variety investigation in Songliao Basin[J].Journal of Chang’an University,2003,25(2):1-5]
10纪友亮,张世奇.陆相断陷湖盆层序地层学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996:11-19[Ji Youliang,Zhang Shiqi.Nonmarine Fault De-pression Basin Sequence Stratigraphy[M].Beijing:Petroleum Indus-try Press,1996:11-19]
11李江涛,李增学,余继峰,等.基于测井数据小波变换的层序地层对比[J].沉积学报,2005,23(4):639-645[Li Jiangtao,Li Zengx-ue,Yu Jifeng,et al.Sequence stratigraphic comparion based on wavelet transform of logging information[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2005,23(4):639-645]
12张占松.测井资料识别层序的方法及问题讨论[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(5):119-121[Zhang Zhansong.Discussion on the meth-od of recognition on stratigraphic sequence by logging information[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2000,27(5):119-121]
13王志坤,王多云,宋广寿,等.测井信号小波分析在高分辨率层序地层划分中的应用[J].大庆石油学院学报,2005,29(6):17-20[Wang Zhikun,Wang Duoyun,Song Guangshou,et al.Application of logging signal wavelet analysis in high resolution sequence strati-graphic division[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum College,2005,29(6):17-20]
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