塔中地区奥陶纪古地貌及其对储集层的控制作用
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摘要
塔中地区奥陶系具有埋深大、中下奥陶统剥蚀前地层厚度横向展布稳定的特点。运用地震地层学法、厚度趋势法和Ro法相结合的古地貌恢复方法较准确地表征了该地区加里东运动中期的地貌特征:隆起主体为围绕Ⅱ号构造带的椭圆状区域,地势比较平缓,局部构造并不十分发育;周缘凹陷到隆起主体之间存在坡折区,在由南、北、东向中央隆起地貌渐高的同时,地貌具有凹陷→斜坡→台缘坡折区→台内洼地、缓坡→凸起渐变的特征。上奥陶统礁滩主要分布于古地貌的台缘坡折带、台内凸起缓坡区,具有随着台缘迁移而变迁的特征,古地貌对礁滩储集体的分布及纵向演化、横向迁移具有明显的控制作用。估计塔中南部塘北2井—中3井之间地区在加里东运动中晚期存在台缘相带,具有生物礁发育的有利条件。
The Ordovician in Tazhong area is characterized by large buried depth and stable lateral distribution before the Middlle-Lower Ordovician underwent erosion. By means of seismic stratigraphy, thickness tendency analysis and Ro data, the palaeogeomorphology in middle period of Caledonian tectonic movement in this area is well described as follows: Tazhong uplift is an ellipse shape region around No.2 structural belt with smooth topography and undeveloped local structures; existing slope break zone from surrounding sags to major uplift, and gradual variation of relief by features of sag→slope→platform margin break zone→inner-platform topographic low and ramp→swell. The Upper Ordovician reef flat mainly distributed in the platform margin break zone and the inner-platform swell ramp zone, with feature of shifting with the platform margin migration. Study shows that the palaeogeomorphology is of remarkable effect on controlling the distribution, vertical evolution and lateral migration of reef flat reservoir body. It is predicted that there existed the platform margin facies in Mid-Late Caledonian tectonic movement in the area between TB-2 well and Z-3 well in southern Tazhong area, meaning that this area has the favorable conditions for biobermal reservoir development.
The Ordovician in Tazhong area is characterized by large buried depth and stable lateral distribution before the Middlle-Lower Ordovician underwent erosion. By means of seismic stratigraphy, thickness tendency analysis and Ro data, the palaeogeomorphology in middle period of Caledonian tectonic movement in this area is well described as follows: Tazhong uplift is an ellipse shape region around No.2 structural belt with smooth topography and undeveloped local structures; existing slope break zone from surrounding sags to major uplift, and gradual variation of relief by features of sag→slope→platform margin break zone→inner-platform topographic low and ramp→swell. The Upper Ordovician reef flat mainly distributed in the platform margin break zone and the inner-platform swell ramp zone, with feature of shifting with the platform margin migration. Study shows that the palaeogeomorphology is of remarkable effect on controlling the distribution, vertical evolution and lateral migration of reef flat reservoir body. It is predicted that there existed the platform margin facies in Mid-Late Caledonian tectonic movement in the area between TB-2 well and Z-3 well in southern Tazhong area, meaning that this area has the favorable conditions for biobermal reservoir development.
引文
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[2]魏国齐,贾承造.塔里木盆地塔中地区奥陶系构造-沉积模式与碳酸盐岩裂缝储层预测[J].沉积学报,2000,18(3):408-412.
[3]黎平,陈景山,王振宇.塔中地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层形成控制因素及储层类型研究[J].天然气勘探与开发,2003,2(1):37-42.
[4]韩用兵,王良书,刘绍文,等.渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷沙四段和孔店组地层剥蚀厚度恢复[J].高校地质学报,2004,10(3):440-450.
[5]牟中海,唐勇,崔炳富.塔西南地区地层剥蚀厚度恢复研究[J].石油学报,2002,23(1):40-44.
[6]胡少华.基于地震资料的构造-沉积综合分析法:一种剥蚀厚度恢复新方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(4):478-483.
[7]佟彦明,宋立军,曾少军.利用镜质体反射率恢复地层剥蚀厚度的新方法[J].古地理学报,2005,7(3):417-424.
[8]王震,张明利,王子煜.东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷不整合面剥蚀厚度恢复[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(1):90-93.
[9]齐永安,刘国臣.沉积盆地波动分析与不整合剥蚀量研究——以新疆塔里木盆地为例[J].焦作工学院学报,1999,18(3):161-165.
[10]王彬,柳保军.潜江凹陷潜江组地层剥蚀厚度恢复研究[J].重庆石油高等专科学校学报,2004,6(4):16-18.
[11]顾家裕,朱筱敏,贾进华.塔里木盆地沉积与储层[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003:131.
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