甘肃省张掖市甘州城区和外围地下水位上升的原因及其诱发地质灾害的防治对策
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摘要
根据对地下水的均衡状况、水文地球化学、环境同位素、气象水文条件、地下水流场、区域地质构造变化的研究结果,确定张掖市甘州城区及其外围地下水位上升的主要原因是,地震错断了上部第四系松散层内的隔水层,使中心地带的基底与祁连山区相连的北西向深大断裂带变为导水通道,增大了越流补给量,盆地地下水补给量增加,地下水位大面积上升。关于地下水位上升诱发的地质灾害治理方案的总体思路是,为达到"长治久安"的效果,在城区范围内实施水平排水工程措施,在急需解决城区地下建筑物降水的地段和城区东北部的重灾区实施垂直管井排水工程措施。
The groundwater balance, hydrochemistry, environmental isotopes, meteorological-hydrological conditions, groundwater flow field and regional structural change in the Ganzhou urban district and its surroundings, Zhangye City, Gansu, have been studied. According to the study results, the authors think that the main cause for the rise of the groundwater level in the study area is that: as the aquifuge in Quaternary loose strata was disrupted by the earthquake, the NW-trending deep fault in the basement of the central zone connected with the Qilian Mountains became a water-transmitting conduit, thus increasing the leakage recharge, and the increase of groundwater recharge in the basin resulted in the extensive rise of the water level. The general idea of the scheme of controlling geohazards induced by the rise of the water level is that in order to yield the results of "lasting stability" we should implement the measures of horizontal drainage in the urban district and the measures of drainage by use of vertical pipes and wells in sectors where the precipitation problem of underground buildings in the urban district must be urgently solved and the worst-hit district in the northern part of the urban district.
The groundwater balance, hydrochemistry, environmental isotopes, meteorological-hydrological conditions, groundwater flow field and regional structural change in the Ganzhou urban district and its surroundings, Zhangye City, Gansu, have been studied. According to the study results, the authors think that the main cause for the rise of the groundwater level in the study area is that: as the aquifuge in Quaternary loose strata was disrupted by the earthquake, the NW-trending deep fault in the basement of the central zone connected with the Qilian Mountains became a water-transmitting conduit, thus increasing the leakage recharge, and the increase of groundwater recharge in the basin resulted in the extensive rise of the water level. The general idea of the scheme of controlling geohazards induced by the rise of the water level is that in order to yield the results of "lasting stability" we should implement the measures of horizontal drainage in the urban district and the measures of drainage by use of vertical pipes and wells in sectors where the precipitation problem of underground buildings in the urban district must be urgently solved and the worst-hit district in the northern part of the urban district.
引文
[1]甘肃省张掖市志编修委员会.张掖县志[M].兰州:甘肃人民出版社,1999.
[2]中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所.西北内陆黑河流域水循环与地下水形成演化模式[M].北京:地质出版社,2005.
[3]陈建生,赵霞,等.青藏高原北东向断裂带补给河西走廊张掖盆地泉水同位素证据[J].水科学进展,2005,31(4):28-33.
[1]尹政,等.甘肃省张掖市甘州城区及外围地下水位上升原因紧急调查及地质灾害防治方案研究报告.甘肃省地矿局水文地质工程地质勘察院.2006.
[2]丁宏伟,等.河西走廊地下水勘查报告.甘肃省地质调查院.2003.
[2]中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所.西北内陆黑河流域水循环与地下水形成演化模式[M].北京:地质出版社,2005.
[3]陈建生,赵霞,等.青藏高原北东向断裂带补给河西走廊张掖盆地泉水同位素证据[J].水科学进展,2005,31(4):28-33.
[1]尹政,等.甘肃省张掖市甘州城区及外围地下水位上升原因紧急调查及地质灾害防治方案研究报告.甘肃省地矿局水文地质工程地质勘察院.2006.
[2]丁宏伟,等.河西走廊地下水勘查报告.甘肃省地质调查院.2003.
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