四川盆地上三叠统构造层序划分及盆地演化
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摘要
晚三叠世是四川盆地演化的重要时期。根据野外露头、钻井和地震资料,运用构造层序地层学的思路和方法,对四川盆地上三叠统层序界面、层序划分和层序特征进行深入研究,并建立层序地层格架。研究表明,四川盆地上三叠统可识别出4个层序界面:1)上三叠统与中、下三叠统之间的区域性构造不整合面;2)须二段与小塘子组的分界面;3)须三段与须四段之间的次级构造不整合面;4)三叠系与侏罗系之间的区域性构造不整合面。根据层序界面的发育情况,将研究区划分为3个构造层序,每个层序以最大湖泛面为界,划分为盆地扩张体系域(BE)和盆地收缩体系域(BW)2个体系域。晚三叠世四川盆地的演化主要是川西前陆盆地的演化,其中TS1为边缘前陆盆地演化阶段;TS2为川西前陆盆地形成阶段,龙门山逆冲推覆体开始逆冲推覆;TS3为川西前陆盆地发展阶段,受安县运动的影响,龙门山逆冲褶皱成山,使得整个四川盆地进入了陆相沉积环境。构造运动是控制晚三叠世四川盆地演化的重要因素。
The Upper Triassic in the Sichuan Basin is a key to understand the evolutionary history of this basin. Using bore hole, outcrop, and seismostratigraphic data, the authors studied the tectonic sequence of the Upper Triassic in the Sichuan Basin. Four sequence boundaries were recognized, including 1) the tectonic unconformity between the Upper Triassic and Middle or Lower Triassic, 2) the lithostratigraphic boundary between the second member of the Xujiahe Formation and the Xiaotangzi Formation, 3) the tectonic unconformity between the third and fourth members of the Xujiahe Formation, 4) the Jurassic-Triassic tectonic unconformity.Therefore, the Upper Triassic is divided into three tectonic sequences, which can be correlated across the entire basin. Each sequence is divided into two system tracts using the largest lake flooding surface, and these represent the basin-expansion system tract and basin-reduction system tract. On the basis of tectonic sequence data,the evolution history of the Sichuan Basin is discussed. The Late Triassic in the Sichuan Basin are divided into three stages, which are the marginal foreland basin evolution stage (TS1), the western Sichuan Foreland Basin formation stage (TS2), and the western Sichuan Foreland Basin development stage (TS3). Because of influence by the An’xian Movement in TS2, the Longmenshan Thrust Belt was uplifted and became a mountain, which changed the Sichuan Basin into a terrestrial sedimentary environment. The most important factor controlling the basin evolution of the Late Triassic in the Sichuan Basin is tectonic activity.
The Upper Triassic in the Sichuan Basin is a key to understand the evolutionary history of this basin. Using bore hole, outcrop, and seismostratigraphic data, the authors studied the tectonic sequence of the Upper Triassic in the Sichuan Basin. Four sequence boundaries were recognized, including 1) the tectonic unconformity between the Upper Triassic and Middle or Lower Triassic, 2) the lithostratigraphic boundary between the second member of the Xujiahe Formation and the Xiaotangzi Formation, 3) the tectonic unconformity between the third and fourth members of the Xujiahe Formation, 4) the Jurassic-Triassic tectonic unconformity.Therefore, the Upper Triassic is divided into three tectonic sequences, which can be correlated across the entire basin. Each sequence is divided into two system tracts using the largest lake flooding surface, and these represent the basin-expansion system tract and basin-reduction system tract. On the basis of tectonic sequence data,the evolution history of the Sichuan Basin is discussed. The Late Triassic in the Sichuan Basin are divided into three stages, which are the marginal foreland basin evolution stage (TS1), the western Sichuan Foreland Basin formation stage (TS2), and the western Sichuan Foreland Basin development stage (TS3). Because of influence by the An’xian Movement in TS2, the Longmenshan Thrust Belt was uplifted and became a mountain, which changed the Sichuan Basin into a terrestrial sedimentary environment. The most important factor controlling the basin evolution of the Late Triassic in the Sichuan Basin is tectonic activity.
引文
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[1]林良彪.2005.川西前陆盆地上三叠统须家河组沉积相及岩相古地理演化[硕士学位论文].成都:成都理工大学.1—87
[1]林良彪.2005.川西前陆盆地上三叠统须家河组沉积相及岩相古地理演化[硕士学位论文].成都:成都理工大学.1—87
陈洁.2003.济阳坳陷第三系构造层序及其演化.地球物理学进展,18(4):700—706
邓康龄.1992.四川盆地形成演化与油气勘探领域.天然气工业,12(5):7—12
窦立荣,李建忠.1995.东北区早白垩世同裂谷期构造-层序地层特征.石油勘探与开发,22(3):7—13
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[1]林良彪.2005.川西前陆盆地上三叠统须家河组沉积相及岩相古地理演化[硕士学位论文].成都:成都理工大学.1—87
[1]林良彪.2005.川西前陆盆地上三叠统须家河组沉积相及岩相古地理演化[硕士学位论文].成都:成都理工大学.1—87
陈洁.2003.济阳坳陷第三系构造层序及其演化.地球物理学进展,18(4):700—706
邓康龄.1992.四川盆地形成演化与油气勘探领域.天然气工业,12(5):7—12
窦立荣,李建忠.1995.东北区早白垩世同裂谷期构造-层序地层特征.石油勘探与开发,22(3):7—13
郭正吾,邓康龄,韩永辉.1996.四川盆地形成与演化.北京:地质出版社.1—200
何鲤.1989.四川盆地上三叠统地震地层划分对比方案.石油与天然气地质,10(4):439—445
贾东,陈竹新,贾承造,魏国齐,李本亮,张惬,魏东涛,沈扬.2003.龙门山前陆褶皱冲断带构造解析与川西前陆盆地的发育.高校地质学报,9(3):402—410
李书兵,何鲤,柳梅青.1999.四川盆地晚三叠世以来陆相盆地演化史.天然气工业,19(增刊):18—23
李勇,曾允孚,伊海生.1995.龙门山前陆盆地沉积及构造演化.成都:成都科技大学出版社.1—92
林良彪,陈洪德,姜平,胡晓强,纪相田,叶黎明.2006.川西前陆盆地上三叠统须家河组沉积相及岩相古地理演化.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),33(4):376—383
刘金华,张世奇,孙耀庭,魏垂高.2007.川西前陆盆地上三叠统须家河组地层的划分及沉积演化.地层学杂志,31(2):190—196
刘树根.1993.龙门山冲断带与川西前陆盆地的形成演化.成都:成都科技大学出版社.1—167
刘树根,罗志立,赵锡奎,乐光禹,刘顺,李天斌,宋鸿彪.2003.龙门山造山带—川西前陆盆地系统形成的动力学模式及模拟研究.石油实验地质,25(5):432—438
刘树根,童崇光,罗志立,戴苏兰,庞家黎,张国政,何军.1995.川西晚三叠世前陆盆地的形成与演化.天然气工业,15(2):11—15
刘树根,赵锡奎,罗志立,徐国盛,王国芝,Wilson C J L,Arne D.2001.龙门山造山带—川西前陆盆地系统构造事件研究.成都理工学院学报,28(3):221—230
罗志立.1991.龙门山造山带岩石圈演化的动力学模式.成都地质学院学报,18(1):1—7
四川盆地陆相中生代地层古生物编写组.1984.四川盆地陆相中生代地层古生物.成都:四川人民出版社.1—622
王金琪.1990.安县构造运动.石油与天然气地质,11(3):223—234
汪泽成,赵文智,张林,吴世祥.2002.四川盆地构造层序与天然气勘探.北京:地质出版社.1—287
夏文臣,张宁,袁晓萍,孟科,张兵山,彭晓群.1998.柴达木侏罗系的构造层序及前陆盆地演化.石油与天然气地质,19(3):173—180
解习农,任建业,焦养泉,葛立刚.1996.断陷盆地构造作用与层序样式.地质论评,42(3):239—244
许效松,刘宝?,徐强.1997.中国西部大型盆地分析及地球动力学.北京:地质出版社.1—168
颜仰基,吴应林.1996.巴颜喀拉—川西边缘前陆盆地演化.岩相古地理,16(3):16—29
杨晓平,李仰春,柳震,汪岩,王洪杰.2005.黑龙江东部鸡西盆地构造层序划分与盆地动力学演化.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),35(5):616—621
翟光明主编.1989.中国石油地质志(卷十)四川油气区.北京:石油工业出版社.1—516
郑德顺,吴智平,李伟,周瑶琪.2005.济阳坳陷中生界构造层序特征.石油天然气学报,27(S2):285—287
Chen Jie.2003.Tectonic sequence of Tertiary in Jiyang Depressionandits evolution.Progress in Geophysics,18(4):700—706
Deng Kang-ling.1992.Formation and evolution of Sichuan Basinand domains for oil and gas exploration.Natural Gas Industry,12(5):7—12
Dou Li-rong&Li Jian-zhong.1995.Syn-rift tectonic-sequence stra-tigraphic characteristics of the Lower Cretaceous formations innortheastern China.Petroleum Exploration and Development,22(3):7—13
Guo Zheng-wu,Deng Kang-ling&Han Yong-hui.1996.The for-mation and development of Sichuan Basin.Beijing:GeologicalPublishing House.1—200
He Li.1989.Classification and correlation of seismic stratigraphy ofthe Upper Triassic in Sichuan Basin.Oil and Gas Geology,10(4):439—445
Jia Dong,Chen Zhu-xin,Jia Cheng-zao,Wei Guo-qi,Li Ben-liang,Zhang Qie,Wei Dong-tao&Shen Yang.2003.Structural fea-tures of the Longmenshan Fold and Thrust Belt and develop-ment of the Western Sichuan Foreland Basin,Central China.Geological Journal of China Universities,9(3):402—410
Li Shu-bing,He Li&Liu Mei-qing.1999.Terrestrial basin evolu-tion history of Sichuan Basin since Late Triassic.Natural GasIndustry,19(Supplementary Issue):18—23
Li Yong,Zeng Yun-fu&Yi Hai-sheng.1995.Sedi mentary andtec-tonic evolution of the Longmenshan Foreland Basin,western Si-chuan,China.Chengdu:Press of Chengdu University of Scienceand Technology.1—92
Lin Liang-biao,Chen Hong-de,Jiang Ping,Hu Xiao-qiang,JiXiang-tian&Ye Li-ming.2005.Sedi mentary facies and paleo-geographic evolution of Xujiahe Formation of Upper Triassic inWest Sichuan foreland basin.Journal of Chengdu Universityof Technology(Science and Technology Edition),33(4):376—383
Liu Jin-hua,Zhang Shi-qi,Sun Yao-ting&Wei Chui-gao.2007.Cor-relation and evolution of the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formationin the West Sichuan Foreland Basin.Journal of Stratigraphy,31(2):190—196
Liu Shu-gen.1993.The formation and evolution of LongmenshanThrust Zone and Western Sichuan Foreland Basin,Sichuan,China.Chengdu:Press of Chengdu University of Science andTechnology.1—167
Liu Shu-gen,Tong Chong-guang,Luo Zhi-li,Dai Su-lan,Pang Jia-li,Zhang Guo-zheng&He Jun.1995.The formation and evo-lution of Late Triassic foreland basinin West Sichuan.NaturalGas Industry,15(2):11—15
Liu Shu-gen,Luo Zhi-li,Zhao Xi-kui,Le Guang-yu,Liu Shun,LiTian-bin&Song Hong-biao.2003.Study onthe dynamic modeand its si mulation in the formation of Longmen Mountain—West Sichuan Foreland Basin system,China.PetroleumGeolo-gy and Experi ment,25(5):432—438
Liu Shu-gen,Zhao Xi-kui,Luo Zhi-li,Xu Guo-sheng,Wang Guo-zhi,Wilson CJ L&Arne D.2001.Study on the tectonic eventsin the system of the Longmen Mountain—West Sichuan Fore-land Basin,China.Journal of Chengdu University of Techno-logy,28(3):221—230
Luo Zhi-li.1991.The dynamical model of the lithospheric evolutionin Longmenshan Orogenic Belt.Journal of Chengdu Instituteof Geology,18(1):1—7
The Editor Group of Continental Mesozoic Stratigraphy and Paleon-tology in Sichuan Basin of China.1984.Continental Mesozoicstratigraphy and paleontology in Sichuan Basin of China.Chengdu:Peoples’s Publishing House of Sichuan.1—622
Wang Jin-qi.1990.Anxian tectonic movement.Oil and Gas Geolo-gy,11(3):223—234
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