南海北部第四纪高分辨率地震层序地层与古环境演化
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摘要
利用高分辨率反射地震资料和ODP 184航次获得的岩心及测井资料,开展第四纪层序地层学研究,根据上超、下超、削蚀、顶超等地震反射终止标志进行层位追踪,识别出了6个区域地震层序界面,并在层序内部追踪和识别了8个不连续的或局部分布的反射界面。以区域连续反射面为界划分出6套地震层序,分析各层序的反射特征、顶底年龄、地层厚度以及沉积速率等,建立了第四纪以来南海北部分辨率高达数万年的地震层序框架。对比过钻孔ODP1144站和近1146站的相邻高分辨率地震剖面,两者呈现出很好的层序一致性,借以说明地震剖面研究能够在没有钻孔及准确定年的前提下,体现某个区域的大尺度地层特征,得出比传统岩性描述和地层分段更为直观、可靠的多维空间分布的认识。将地震剖面与深海沉积记录比对,发现地震反射界面多与氧同位素高值期(即冰期或者间冰期内部偏冷的冰阶)相对应,尤其6个全区连续反射界面均对应着冰期旋回中的特大冰期,而地震层序与深海沉积记录不同指标如氧同位素、碳屑沉积、水体结构等所记载的气候变化信号之间也有良好的对应关系,特别讨论了中更新世气候转型期(MPT)在地震剖面、深海沉积物、冰盖以及黄土、地磁中的记录。本次工作探讨了地质与地球物理研究方法所得结果的关联和不同之处,提出借助彼此的研究优势相互补充和综合,可以更好的还原区域沉积演化史。
Based on the high-quality seismic profiles acquired from the northern South China Sea(SCS),we performed a detailed seismic sequence stratigraphic study.Correlation of the results with core samples and logging data from ODP Leg 184 and other deep sea records have been carried out to detect the difference and connection between geological and geophysical research methods,so as to reconstruct the sedimentary history of this area.About 14 seismic horizons are recognized by thin-bed tracking and seismic terminations analysis(including onlap,downlap,toplap,and truncation),including six continuous boundaries,three discontinuous boundaries,and five local boundaries.Then six seismic sequences are established.Detailed analyses of their reflecting characters,top and bottom ages,thickness and sedimentary rate helped build a Quaternary seismic stratigraphic framework at a resolution of ~10 ka.Consistency between seismic profiles and drilling data of ODP Sites 1144 and 1146 indicates that high resolution seismic analyses can produce a direct,detailed and reliable stratigraphic division scheme better than the traditional petrographic description sometimes.The correlation of seismic sequence framework with deep sea sediment records suggests that most of the reflector boundaries correspond to glacial periods or colder intervals of interglacial periods.6 continuous boundaries corresponding to large glacials in the Quaternary were identified.Besides,the seismic sequence results are correlated well with the climate change revealed by different proxies in marine sediment such as oxygen isotopes,carbon dust deposition,and water-layer structure.The most typical is SB 6 equivalent to the Middle Pleistocene Transition,a remarkable global climate event found in marine sediment,ice core,loess and geomagnetic records.Our results prove that integrated geological and geophysical researches can bring up a better understanding to the sedimentological evolution history of the studied area.
Based on the high-quality seismic profiles acquired from the northern South China Sea(SCS),we performed a detailed seismic sequence stratigraphic study.Correlation of the results with core samples and logging data from ODP Leg 184 and other deep sea records have been carried out to detect the difference and connection between geological and geophysical research methods,so as to reconstruct the sedimentary history of this area.About 14 seismic horizons are recognized by thin-bed tracking and seismic terminations analysis(including onlap,downlap,toplap,and truncation),including six continuous boundaries,three discontinuous boundaries,and five local boundaries.Then six seismic sequences are established.Detailed analyses of their reflecting characters,top and bottom ages,thickness and sedimentary rate helped build a Quaternary seismic stratigraphic framework at a resolution of ~10 ka.Consistency between seismic profiles and drilling data of ODP Sites 1144 and 1146 indicates that high resolution seismic analyses can produce a direct,detailed and reliable stratigraphic division scheme better than the traditional petrographic description sometimes.The correlation of seismic sequence framework with deep sea sediment records suggests that most of the reflector boundaries correspond to glacial periods or colder intervals of interglacial periods.6 continuous boundaries corresponding to large glacials in the Quaternary were identified.Besides,the seismic sequence results are correlated well with the climate change revealed by different proxies in marine sediment such as oxygen isotopes,carbon dust deposition,and water-layer structure.The most typical is SB 6 equivalent to the Middle Pleistocene Transition,a remarkable global climate event found in marine sediment,ice core,loess and geomagnetic records.Our results prove that integrated geological and geophysical researches can bring up a better understanding to the sedimentological evolution history of the studied area.
引文
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