井—震标定参数分析及薄层标定——以塔里木盆地哈得四油田为例
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摘要
新疆塔里木盆地哈得四(HD4) 油田的主要储层东河砂岩属于薄储层, 其厚度小于1 /4地震波长, 根据地震数据难以分辨储层的顶界和底界。为了利用声波速度对薄储层进行有效的井—震标定, 从井—震标定的原理出发, 以哈得四油田的井—震标定为例, 分析了标定过程中子波的主频、类型和相位及声波速度对合成地震道的影响, 同时分析了声波速度与叠加速度转换的层速度之间的差别。提出以参考层为标准, 并对声波速度进行微调的薄储层的标定方法。参考层在研究区是一套沉积环境相对稳定、厚度较大的地层, 它对应于地震剖面上的一个振幅较强、反射轴连续并易于追踪的反射界面。利用上述方法, 以哈得四油田二叠系火成岩及石炭系双峰灰岩为参考层, 选取与研究区地震数据吻合性最好的子波,合理地调整声波速度, 对哈得四油田的主要储层东河砂岩进行井—震标定, 获得了较为理想的效果。
Donghe sandstone, the main reservoir of HD4 oilfield in the Tarim Basin, is the thin reservoir whose thickness is less than 1/4 seismic wavelength; therefore the top and bottom of the reservoir cannot be identified through seismic data In order to calibrate properly the thin reservoir of HD4 oilfield with acoustic velocity, based on the theory of well to seismic calibration, the influence of the dominant frequency, kind and phase of the wavelet, and acoustic velocity on the synthetic traces was analyzed, moreover, the differences between interval velocity from stacking velocity and acoustic velocity were discussed. A new method using reference layer and adjusting acoustic velocity for calibrating thin reservoir was proposed. A reference layer is the thick stratum with stable sedimentary environment, and it corresponds to a high amplitude and continuous reflector to be easily traceable in the seismic section. The results of well to seismic calibration are effective by selecting Permian igneous rock and Carboniferous double peak limestone as the reference layers, adjusting appropriately acoustic velocity and choosing the most suitable wavelet
Donghe sandstone, the main reservoir of HD4 oilfield in the Tarim Basin, is the thin reservoir whose thickness is less than 1/4 seismic wavelength; therefore the top and bottom of the reservoir cannot be identified through seismic data In order to calibrate properly the thin reservoir of HD4 oilfield with acoustic velocity, based on the theory of well to seismic calibration, the influence of the dominant frequency, kind and phase of the wavelet, and acoustic velocity on the synthetic traces was analyzed, moreover, the differences between interval velocity from stacking velocity and acoustic velocity were discussed. A new method using reference layer and adjusting acoustic velocity for calibrating thin reservoir was proposed. A reference layer is the thick stratum with stable sedimentary environment, and it corresponds to a high amplitude and continuous reflector to be easily traceable in the seismic section. The results of well to seismic calibration are effective by selecting Permian igneous rock and Carboniferous double peak limestone as the reference layers, adjusting appropriately acoustic velocity and choosing the most suitable wavelet
引文
[1] 陆孟基地震勘探原理[M]北京:石油工业出版社,1982419-437
[2] 李庆忠走向精确勘探的道路[M]北京:石油工业出版社,1994236-258
[3] 俞寿朋高分辨率地震勘探[M]北京:石油工业出版社,1993168-197
[4] 孙春岩,牛滨华,黄新武,等潜山风化壳碳酸盐油气藏地震响应特征研究及振幅横向差异属性在预测中的应用[J]现代地质,2004,18(1):127-132
[5] 邹强,周熙蘘,钟本善旅行时与波阻抗联合反演求取层速度[J]石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(4):396-399
[6] 焦养泉,吕新彪,杨生科,等吐哈盆地西南缘铀成矿的层位标定[J]现代地质,2004,18(3):346-351
[7] 凌云研究组应用振幅的调谐作用探测地层厚度小于1/4波长地质目标[J]石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(3):268-274
[8] 姜秀清,高平地震属性体综合解释技术在山东东营凹陷官区储层预测中的应用[J]现代地质,2005,19(增刊):261-266
[9] 武站国,侯伯刚,吴伯福,等黄骅坳陷岐南西斜坡隐蔽油气藏地球物理勘探技术研究与应用[J]现代地质,2005,19(增刊):257-260
[10] 李强,姜在兴层序地层学在松辽盆地他拉哈地区隐蔽油气藏勘探中的应用[J]现代地质,2005,19(增刊):203-206
[2] 李庆忠走向精确勘探的道路[M]北京:石油工业出版社,1994236-258
[3] 俞寿朋高分辨率地震勘探[M]北京:石油工业出版社,1993168-197
[4] 孙春岩,牛滨华,黄新武,等潜山风化壳碳酸盐油气藏地震响应特征研究及振幅横向差异属性在预测中的应用[J]现代地质,2004,18(1):127-132
[5] 邹强,周熙蘘,钟本善旅行时与波阻抗联合反演求取层速度[J]石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(4):396-399
[6] 焦养泉,吕新彪,杨生科,等吐哈盆地西南缘铀成矿的层位标定[J]现代地质,2004,18(3):346-351
[7] 凌云研究组应用振幅的调谐作用探测地层厚度小于1/4波长地质目标[J]石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(3):268-274
[8] 姜秀清,高平地震属性体综合解释技术在山东东营凹陷官区储层预测中的应用[J]现代地质,2005,19(增刊):261-266
[9] 武站国,侯伯刚,吴伯福,等黄骅坳陷岐南西斜坡隐蔽油气藏地球物理勘探技术研究与应用[J]现代地质,2005,19(增刊):257-260
[10] 李强,姜在兴层序地层学在松辽盆地他拉哈地区隐蔽油气藏勘探中的应用[J]现代地质,2005,19(增刊):203-206
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