气枪阵列远场子波模拟与应用
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摘要
在野外采集中考察气枪阵列的稳定性以及进行确定性子波反褶积,都要求能够获得气枪阵列的实时远场子波。目前海上地震勘探所用的气枪阵列均由单枪与相干枪组成,因此需要按照相干情况下远场子波合成原理,首先记录阵列单元(所有单枪与相干枪)上的近场子波,进而利用软件模拟计算远场子波。通过对气枪阵列每次激发的远场子波进行自相关或互相关处理,评估阵列的稳定性;在地震数据处理时,利用远场子波求取较为准确的反子波算子,进而实现确定性反褶积处理。文中用实例介绍了利用获得的远场子波进行气枪稳定性评估以及地震资料反褶积处理的效果。
It should demand acquiring real-time far-field wavelet of arigun array when considering stability of airgun array and carrying out deterministic wavelet deconvolution in field acquisition.Currently,the airgun array used in offshore seismic exploration is composed from single gun and coherent gun.It should first record near-field wavelet of array unit(all single gun and coherent gun) and then use software to simulate and compute far-field wavelet according to synthetic principle of far-field wavelet in coherent situation.The stability of array is evaluated by autocorrelation and cross-correlation processing of far-field wavelet of airgun array in each shooting;in seismic data processing,the more accurate inverse wavelet operator is computed by using far-field wavelet and then the deterministic deconvolution processing is implemented.The paper used practical cases to introduce how to use far-field wavelet acquired to carry out the evaluation of airgun stability and effect of seismic data deconvolution processing.
引文
[1]Ziolkowski A et al.The signature of an air-gun array:Computation from near-field measurements includinginteractions.Geophysics,1982,47(10):1413~1421
    [2]Keller J B et al.Damping of underwater explosion bub-ble oscillations.Journal of Applied Physics,1956,27:1152~1162
    [3]Parkes G E et al.The signature of an air-gun array:Computation from near-field measurements includinginteractions—Practical considerations.Geophysics,1984,49:105~111

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