石北地区晚白垩世以来构造变形特征
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摘要
地震剖面分析表明,酒泉盆地石北地区发育有一系列的北倾逆断层及相关褶皱,主要形成于晚第三纪?第四纪时期。其活动强度具有自西而东逐渐减弱的规律,向东消失于石北Ⅰ号和石北Ⅱ号两条早白垩世正断层的附近,表明与阿尔金断层的活动密切相关。而下第三系底部与下白垩统顶部之间的角度不整合以及剥蚀厚度北厚南薄的特征表明,部分北倾逆断层早在晚白垩世时期就已经开始了强烈地活动,形成了一系列的断层相关褶皱,并造成石北及其北面的宽台山?黑山地区形成了晚白垩世隆起的雏形。这些断层相关褶皱是良好的油气圈闭,对石北地区的油气分布具有重要的控制作用。
Seismic section analysis shows that a series of north-trending reverse faults and relevant folds are developed in Shibei area in the Jiuquan Basin and they were mainly formed during Neogene and Quaternary. They get weak in intensity from west to east and merge into Early Cretaceous Shibei Ⅰ and Shibei Ⅱ normal faults, indicating a close relationship with the activity of Altyn fault. An angular unconformity occurs between the base of Paleogene and the top of Lower Cretaceous and the eroded thickness gets thinner from the north to the south, indicating that strong activities of some north-trending reverse faults would have begun as early as in Late Cretaceous, resulting in the formation of fault-related folds and the initiation of Late Cretaceous uplift in Shibei and the adjacent Kuandaishan-Heishan area to its north. These fault-related folds are good oil and gas traps and would have controlled the distribution of oil and gas in Shibei area.
Seismic section analysis shows that a series of north-trending reverse faults and relevant folds are developed in Shibei area in the Jiuquan Basin and they were mainly formed during Neogene and Quaternary. They get weak in intensity from west to east and merge into Early Cretaceous Shibei Ⅰ and Shibei Ⅱ normal faults, indicating a close relationship with the activity of Altyn fault. An angular unconformity occurs between the base of Paleogene and the top of Lower Cretaceous and the eroded thickness gets thinner from the north to the south, indicating that strong activities of some north-trending reverse faults would have begun as early as in Late Cretaceous, resulting in the formation of fault-related folds and the initiation of Late Cretaceous uplift in Shibei and the adjacent Kuandaishan-Heishan area to its north. These fault-related folds are good oil and gas traps and would have controlled the distribution of oil and gas in Shibei area.
引文
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[3]虢顺民,向宏发,黄昭.河西走廊南缘断裂第四纪活动断裂的考察[M]∥中国地震年鉴.北京:地震出版社,1987:263-268.
[4]向宏发,虢顺民.河西走廊玉门—嘉峪关地区断裂的初步研究[M]∥现代地壳运动研究.北京:地震出版社,1990:139-145.
[5]陈志泰,虢顺民,戴华光,等.祁连山—河西地区断层活动及其动力作用[M]∥中法合作活断层对比研究.北京:地震出版社,1993:29-50.
[6]国家地震局地质研究所,国家地震局兰州地震研究所.祁连山—河西走廊活动断裂系[M].北京:地质出版社,1993.
[7]向宏发,虢顺民,才树华.祁连山北缘断裂带第四纪运动特征的初步研究[J].华北地震科学,1988,6(3):1-9.
[8]闵伟,张培震,何文贵,等.酒西盆地断层活动特征及古地震研究[J].地震地质,2002,24(1):35-44.
[9]时振梁,环文林,谢原定.河西走廊西部的活动断层和地震[M]∥中国活动断裂.北京:地震出版社,1982:212-218.
[10]李有利,杨景春,李保俊,等.河西走廊榆木山边缘断层构造地貌研究[J].地质力学学报,1997,3(4):20-26.
[11]陈杰,卢演俦,丁国瑜.祁连山西段酒西盆地区阶地构造变形的研究[J].西北地震学报,1998,20(1):28-36.
[12]王洪潜.酒泉盆地构造特征及找油方向[J].石油勘探与开发,1993,20(增刊):15-19.
[13]黄华芳,郑国东,方国庆,等.酒西盆地南缘推覆构造及其含油领域[J].石油与天然气地质,1993,14(3):181-190.
[14]郭令智,施央申,卢华复,等.印藏碰撞的两种远距离效应[M]∥李清波,戴金星,刘如琦,李继亮主编.现代地质学研究文集(上).南京:南京大学出版社,1992:1-7.
[15]崔军文,唐哲民,邓晋福,等.阿尔金断裂系[M].北京:地质出版社,1999.
[16]国家地震局阿尔金活动断裂带课题组.阿尔金活动断裂带[M].北京:地震出版社,1992.
[17]赵越,杨振宇,马醒华.东亚大地构造发展的重要转折[J].地质科学,1994,29(2):105-119.
[18]ENKIN R J,YANG Z,CHEN Y,COURTILLOT V.Paleomagnetic constrans on the geodynamics history of main Chinese blocks fromthe Permianto the present,A review[J].J Geophys Res,1997,97(13):13955-13988.
[19]王瑜.内蒙—燕山地区晚古生代晚期—中生代的造山作用过程[M].北京:地质出版社,1996.
[20]刘和甫.亚洲大陆平移断裂系的构造分析[R]∥国际交流地质学术论文集———为26届国际地质大会撰写.北京:地质出版社,1980:201-210.
[21]邓晋福,赵海玲,莫宣学,等.中国大陆根?柱构造———大陆动力学的钥匙[M].北京:地质出版社,1996.
[22]许志琴,杨经绥,姜牧,等.大陆俯冲作用及青藏高原周缘造山带的崛起[J].地学前缘,1999,6(3):139-151.
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