薄互层油气藏时移地震反演数据解释
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摘要
本文从时移地震薄互层油藏监测的本质出发,首先提出并试验了地震尺度下基于边界理论的弹性参数计算方法;其次利用模型资料,定量分析了时移地震常规属性(如最大振幅、最大阻抗等)和累积属性响应地震尺度测量结果与精确测量结果的差异,以及薄层厚度、薄层组合结构、饱和度变化对属性的影响;然后利用实际气田时移地震纵波阻抗反演数据计算累积差异阻抗与累积差异阻抗的平均值,得到气藏压力变化质量因子与气藏压力变化数量因子;最后采用气藏压力变化质量因子与数量因子的交会分析和乘积分析方法实现了对实际薄互层气藏压力变化动态的监测。
In our study,we firstly analyze the challenges caused by measurement scale,and present and test the H-S-W bounds theory for computing seismic-scale elastic parameters.Then,based on the model data,we quantitatively compare and ensure the stabilities of traditional attribute and accumulative attributes for time-lapse seismic impedance interpretation with the variations of the formation thicknesses,saturation and reservoir structure.At last,based on the inversed P-wave impedance data from a real gas reservoir,we compute pressure variation quantity factor and quality factor from the accumulative impedance differences and their averages,and ensure the areas of pressure variations in the gas reservoir by their cross-plot and products.
In our study,we firstly analyze the challenges caused by measurement scale,and present and test the H-S-W bounds theory for computing seismic-scale elastic parameters.Then,based on the model data,we quantitatively compare and ensure the stabilities of traditional attribute and accumulative attributes for time-lapse seismic impedance interpretation with the variations of the formation thicknesses,saturation and reservoir structure.At last,based on the inversed P-wave impedance data from a real gas reservoir,we compute pressure variation quantity factor and quality factor from the accumulative impedance differences and their averages,and ensure the areas of pressure variations in the gas reservoir by their cross-plot and products.
引文
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[15]郭念民,尚新民,刘欣欣等.非重复性时移地震数据关键处理技术应用研究.石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(4):581～592Guo Nianmin,Shang Xinmin,Liu Xinxin et al.Keytechniques for non-repeated time-lapse seismic dataprocessing technology.OGP,2011,46(4):581～592
[16]Dvorkin J,Uden R.The challenge of scale in seismicmapping of hydrate and solutions.The LeadingEdge,2006,25(5):637～642
[17]Backus E.Long-wave elastic anisotropy produced byhorizontal layering.Journal of Geophysical Re-search,1962,67(11):4427～4440
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[22]Batzle M,Wang Z.Seismic properties of pore fluids.Geophysics,1992,57(11):1396～1408
[2]Song Q,Sun Y and Zhou J.Quantifying the reservoirheterogeneity:A case study of clastic reservoir,BohaiBay Basin,China.SEG Technical Program Expand-ed Abstracts,2009,28:1760～1763
[3]Zeng H.How thin is a thin bed?An alternative per-spective.The Leading Edge,2009,28(10):1192～1197
[4]Maffilletti F,Bardini S,Grana D et al.Changing scaleand domain of a petrophysical and elastic propertiesbased log-facies classification.SEG Technical Pro-gram Expanded Abstracts,2010,29:2406～2410
[5]Marmalyevskyy N,Roganov Y.Frequency dependingAVO for a gas-saturated periodical thin-layeredstack.SEG Technical Program Expanded Ab-stracts,2006,25:274～278
[6]Wang Y.Inverse Q-filter for seismic resolution en-hancement.Geophysics,2006,71(3):V51～V60
[7]Xu Y,Chopra S.Improving AVO fidelity by NMOstretching and offset-dependent tuning corrections.The Leading Edge,2007,26(12):1548～1551
[8]Pierce J and Yu G.High resolution enhancement andinterpretation for thin Yegua sands in Texas.SEGTechnical Program Expanded Abstracts,2010,29:1322～1326
[9]Puryear C I,Castagna J P.Layer-thickness determi-nation and stratigraphic interpretation using spectralinversion:Theory and application.Geophysics,2008,73(2):R37～R48
[10]Rubino J G,Velis D.Thin-bed prestack spectral in-version.Geophysics,2009,74(4):R49～R57
[11]Mohamed A E,Pfeiffer J,Heiman A.Seismic petro-physical analysis for thin sandstone reserveoirs in Co-lombia's Guajira Basin.The Leading Edge,2009,28(6):640～647
[12]Zhang F,Zhang S,Yin X.High resolution thin reser-voir prediction in Andian area,Biyang Depression.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2010,29:2240～2244
[13]Kloosterman H J,Kelly R S.Successful application oftime-lapse seismic data in Shell Expro's GannetFields,central North sea UKCS.Petroleum Geosci-ence,2003,9(3):25～34
[14]周家雄,谢玉洪,陈志宏等.时移地震在中国海上气田的应用.石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(2):285～292Zhou Jiaxiong,Xie Yuhong,Chen Zhihong et al.Time-lapse seismic applications in China offshore gasfields.OGP,2011,46(2):285～292
[15]郭念民,尚新民,刘欣欣等.非重复性时移地震数据关键处理技术应用研究.石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(4):581～592Guo Nianmin,Shang Xinmin,Liu Xinxin et al.Keytechniques for non-repeated time-lapse seismic dataprocessing technology.OGP,2011,46(4):581～592
[16]Dvorkin J,Uden R.The challenge of scale in seismicmapping of hydrate and solutions.The LeadingEdge,2006,25(5):637～642
[17]Backus E.Long-wave elastic anisotropy produced byhorizontal layering.Journal of Geophysical Re-search,1962,67(11):4427～4440
[18]Hashin Z,Shtrikman S.A variational approach to theelastic hehavior of multiphase materials.J MechPhys Solids,1963,11(2):127～140
[19]Berrymann J G.Mixture theories for the rock proper-ties.Rock Physics and Phase Relations:a Handbookof Physical Constants(Editor:Ahrens T J).Wash-ington DC:American Geophysical Union,1995:205～228
[20]Mavko G,Mukerji T,Dvorkin J.The Rock PhysicsHandbook.Cambridge University Press,London,2009
[21]Gassmann F.Elasticity of porous media.Vierteljahr-sschrift der Naturforschenden Gesselschaft,1951,96(1):1～23
[22]Batzle M,Wang Z.Seismic properties of pore fluids.Geophysics,1992,57(11):1396～1408
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