断层阶区对滑动行为影响的实验研究
摘要
研究断层带几何非规则体对断层活动的力学影响,对于理解断层带上的地震活动具有重要的理论和实际意义.通过中尺度标本岩石力学实验,研究了走滑断层带最常见的一种非规则体-断层阶区对滑动行为的影响.研究表明,拉张断层阶区由于强度较低而很容易发生破裂,破裂后的阶区对断层的滑动无明显阻碍作用,但阶区的微破裂对断层滑动失稳具有指示作用;含拉张阶区的断层带具有速度弱化特征,可用速率-状态摩擦定律表述.挤压阶区由于破坏强度很高,使得断层滑动较为困难,但随着应力水平的增加,阶区外断层端部拉张区的微破裂为断层在阶区未破裂之前发生粘滑失稳提供了变位条件,并因此可作为断层失稳的前兆;挤压阶区可作为断层分段的稳定标志,直到阶区完全破裂使两条断层完全连通.
引文
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19蒋海昆,马胜利,张流,等.雁列式断层组合变形过程中的声发射特征.地震学报,2002,24(4):385—396
20闻学泽.鲜水河断裂带未来三十年内地震复发的条件概率.中国地震,1990,6(4):8—16
21刘力强,马胜利,马瑾,等.岩石构造对声发射统计特征的影响.地震地质,1999,21(4):377—386
22刘培洵,刘力强,陈顺云,等.实验室声发射三维定位软件.地震地质,2007,29(3):674—679
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26Lei X,Kusunose K,Nishizawa O,et al.On the spatio-temporal distribution of acoustic emissions in two granitic rocks under triaxial compression:the role of pre-existing cracks.Geophys Res Lett,2000,27(13):1997—2000
2Deng Q,Zhang P.Research on the geometry of shear fracture zones.J Geophys Res,1984,89:5699—5710
3Bakun W H,Stewart R M,Bufe C G,et al.Implication of seismicity for failure of a section of the San Andreas fault.Bull Seism Soc Am,1980,70:185—201
4Reasenberg P A,Ellsworth W L.Aftershocks of the Coyote Lake,California,earthquake of August6,1979:a detailed study.J Geo-phys Res,1982,87:10637—10655
5Segall P,Polland D.Mechanics of discontinuous faults.J Geophys Res,1980,85:4337—4350
6Ma J,Du Y,Liu L.The instability of en-echelon cracks and its precursors.J Phys Earth,1986,34(Suppl):141—157
7杜异军,马瑾,李建国.雁列式裂纹的相互作用及其稳定性.地球物理学报,1989,32(专辑Ⅰ):218—231
8Aydin A,Schultz R A.Effect of mechanical interaction on the development of strike-slip faults with echelon patterns.J Struct Geol,1990,12:123—129
9Harris R A,Day S M.Dynamics of fault interaction:parallel strike-slip faults.J Geophys Res,1993,98:4461—4472
10Sibson R H.Stopping of earthquake ruptures at dilatational jogs.Nature,1983,316:248—251
11Sibson R H.Rupture interaction with fault jogs.Am Geophys Un Geophys Mon,1986,37:157—368
12Scholz C H.The Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting.New York:Cambridge University Press,1990
13Barka A,Kadinsky-Cade K.Strick-slip fault geometry in Turkey and its influence on earthquake activity.Tectonics,1988,7:663—684
14刘力强,马瑾,吴秀泉.雁列式断层变形与失稳过程的实验研究.地震学报,1986,8(4):393—403
15李建国,石桂梅,马瑾.雁列裂纹交接区破坏特征与失稳型式研究.现代地壳运动研究(4).北京:地震出版社,1989.149—155
16张之立,李强.断裂系扩展过程与地球物理场变化特征的实验研究.地球物理学进展,1993,8(4):225—231
17马胜利,邓志辉,马文涛,等.雁列式断层变形过程中物理场演化的实验研究(一).地震地质,1995,17(4):327—335
18马文涛,马瑾,刘力强,等.雁列构造的声发射特征.地震地质,1995,17(4):342—348
19蒋海昆,马胜利,张流,等.雁列式断层组合变形过程中的声发射特征.地震学报,2002,24(4):385—396
20闻学泽.鲜水河断裂带未来三十年内地震复发的条件概率.中国地震,1990,6(4):8—16
21刘力强,马胜利,马瑾,等.岩石构造对声发射统计特征的影响.地震地质,1999,21(4):377—386
22刘培洵,刘力强,陈顺云,等.实验室声发射三维定位软件.地震地质,2007,29(3):674—679
23刘力强,马胜利,马瑾,等.不同结构岩石标本声发射b值和频谱的时间扫描及其物理意义.地震地质,2001,23(4):481—492
24Diterich J H.Modeling of rock friction.1.Experimental results and constitutive equations.J Geophys Res,1979,84:2161—2168
25Ruina A L.Slip instabilities and state variable friction laws.J Geophys Res,1983,88:10359—10370
26Lei X,Kusunose K,Nishizawa O,et al.On the spatio-temporal distribution of acoustic emissions in two granitic rocks under triaxial compression:the role of pre-existing cracks.Geophys Res Lett,2000,27(13):1997—2000
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