中朝板块中、新元古界年代地层柱与构造环境新思考
|
摘要
中国北方燕辽裂陷槽位于中朝板块北部,是巨厚中、新元古界的沉积区。中、新元古界包括长城系(1800～1600Ma)、蓟县系(1400～1000Ma)和青白口系(1000～800Ma)。上述划分是中国地质学家长期研究的共识,由全国地层委员会发布,中国地质调查局在全国地质调查填图中施行[1]。青白口系自下而上包括下马岭组、龙山组、景儿峪组,由于在下马岭组的斑脱岩中获得了锆石SHRIMPU-Pb年龄1368Ma±12Ma,从而对1000Ma作为青白口系底界的年龄乃至中国中、新元古界地质年表提出了挑战。中国地质学家必须面对新的下马岭组年龄值,拼弃传统思维,重新排定北方中、新元古界年代地层柱中各系、组的界线年龄。本文建议:长城系为1800～1600Ma;蓟县系为1600～1400Ma;新建西山系为1400～1200Ma;1200～1000Ma是一个待命名的系;新的青白口系为1000～800Ma,包括龙山组及景儿峪组。由于下马岭组中的斑脱岩反映了岛弧构造环境,从而可重塑中朝板块北部下马岭组及整个中元古界(指1800～1200Ma)为沟-弧-盆板块体系的弧后扩张盆地,即传统概念中的燕辽裂陷槽是弧后扩张的产物。沟-弧-盆板块体系可以系统地解释燕辽裂陷槽的动力学成因、各种地震灾变事件、火山活动、层控矿床等形成的地质背景。
Located in the northern Sino-Korean plate,the Yanliao aulacogen is a region of very thick Meso-Neoproterozoic sediments.The Meso-Neoproterozoic consists of the Changchengian(1800-1600 Ma),Jixianian(1400-1200 Ma)and Qingbaikouan(1000-800 Ma)systems.The above-mentioned stratigraphic division is the consensus reached by Chinese geologists through their long-term study.In 2000,the National Commission on Stratigraphy of China issued a proposal document about it and the Chinese Geological Survey implemented it in geological survey and mapping in China.The Qingbaikouan System consists in ascending order of the Xiamaling,Longshan and Jing'eryu formations.Because a SHRIMP U-Pb zircon age of 1368±12 Ma was gained from bentonite in the Xiamaling Formation,the 1000 Ma age for the lower boundary of the Qingbaikouan System and even the Meso-and Neoproterozoic chronostratigraphic time scale in China are challenged.Chinese geologists must face the new age of the Xiamaling Formation,abandon the traditional idea of the division and redefine the boundary ages of various systems and formations in the Meso-and Neoproterozoic chronostratigraphic time scale of northern China.In the paper the authors propose the following new time scale:the age range of 1800-1600 Ma for the Changchengian System,1600-1400 Ma for the Jixianian System,1400-1200 Ma for the newly established Xishan System,1200-1000 Ma for a system to be named and 1000-800 Ma for the new Qingbaikouan System,including the Longshan and Jing'eryuformations.Because bentonite in the Xiamaling Formation reflects an arc tectonic environment,the Xiamaling Formation and the whole of the Mesoproterozoic Erathem in the northern Sino-Korean plate may be reconstructed as a backarc basin in the trench-arc-basin system,i.e.the traditional Yanliao aulacogen is the product of backarc spreading.The trench-arc-basin system can systematically explain the dynamic genesis of the Yanliao aulacogen,various earthquake events,volcanic activities and geological setting of stratabound ore deposits.The new dating data of the Xiamaling Formation reflects a depositional break of 300 or 200 Ma between the Xiamaling and Longshan formations.The break impels petroleum geologists to reconsider petroleum prospects in anoxic sediments(black shale and black siliceous rocks)in the Xiamaling Formation.
Located in the northern Sino-Korean plate,the Yanliao aulacogen is a region of very thick Meso-Neoproterozoic sediments.The Meso-Neoproterozoic consists of the Changchengian(1800-1600 Ma),Jixianian(1400-1200 Ma)and Qingbaikouan(1000-800 Ma)systems.The above-mentioned stratigraphic division is the consensus reached by Chinese geologists through their long-term study.In 2000,the National Commission on Stratigraphy of China issued a proposal document about it and the Chinese Geological Survey implemented it in geological survey and mapping in China.The Qingbaikouan System consists in ascending order of the Xiamaling,Longshan and Jing'eryu formations.Because a SHRIMP U-Pb zircon age of 1368±12 Ma was gained from bentonite in the Xiamaling Formation,the 1000 Ma age for the lower boundary of the Qingbaikouan System and even the Meso-and Neoproterozoic chronostratigraphic time scale in China are challenged.Chinese geologists must face the new age of the Xiamaling Formation,abandon the traditional idea of the division and redefine the boundary ages of various systems and formations in the Meso-and Neoproterozoic chronostratigraphic time scale of northern China.In the paper the authors propose the following new time scale:the age range of 1800-1600 Ma for the Changchengian System,1600-1400 Ma for the Jixianian System,1400-1200 Ma for the newly established Xishan System,1200-1000 Ma for a system to be named and 1000-800 Ma for the new Qingbaikouan System,including the Longshan and Jing'eryuformations.Because bentonite in the Xiamaling Formation reflects an arc tectonic environment,the Xiamaling Formation and the whole of the Mesoproterozoic Erathem in the northern Sino-Korean plate may be reconstructed as a backarc basin in the trench-arc-basin system,i.e.the traditional Yanliao aulacogen is the product of backarc spreading.The trench-arc-basin system can systematically explain the dynamic genesis of the Yanliao aulacogen,various earthquake events,volcanic activities and geological setting of stratabound ore deposits.The new dating data of the Xiamaling Formation reflects a depositional break of 300 or 200 Ma between the Xiamaling and Longshan formations.The break impels petroleum geologists to reconsider petroleum prospects in anoxic sediments(black shale and black siliceous rocks)in the Xiamaling Formation.
引文
[1]全地层委员会.中地层指南及中地层指南说明书(修订版)[M].北京:地质出版社,2000:1-59.
[2]高林志,张传恒,史晓颖,等.华北青白口系下马岭组凝灰岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年[J].地质通报,2007,26(3):249-255.
[3]陈晋镳,张惠民,朱世兴,等.蓟县震旦亚界的研究[M]//中震旦亚界研究.天津:天津科学技术出版社,1980:56-114.
[4]邢裕盛,高振家,王自强,等.新元古界,中地层典[M].北京:地质出版社,1996:1-117.
[5]乔秀夫.青白口系地层学研究[J].地质科学,1976,(4):246-265.
[6]陆松年,李惠民.蓟县长城系大红峪组火山岩的单颗粒锆石U-Pb法准确定年[J].地球学报,1991,22:137-145.
[7]Gradstein F M,Ogg J G,Smith A G,et al.A new geologic time scale with special reference to Precambrian and Neogen[J].Episodes,2004,27(2):83-100.
[8]王鸿祯.地球的节律与大陆动力学的思考[J].地学前缘,1977,4(3/4):1-12.
[9]苏文博,李志明,史晓颖,等.华南五峰组—龙马溪组与华北下马岭组的钾质斑脱岩及黑色岩系——两个地史转折期板块构造运动的沉积响应[J].地学前缘,2006,13(6):82-95.
[10]Rogers J,Santosh M.Configuration of Columbia,a Mesopro-terozoic supercontinet[J].Gondwana Research,2002,5:5-22.
[11]郁建华,付会芹,张凤兰,等.元古代北京裂谷槽中钾质碱性火山-深成作用[J].中区域地质,1994,(2):115-122.
[12]邓晋福,罗照华,苏尚,等.岩石成岩、构造环境与成矿作用[M].北京:地质出版社,2004:1-381.
[13]和政军,宋天锐,丁孝忠,等.燕山中元古代裂谷早期同沉积断裂活动及其对事件沉积的影响[J].古地理学报,2000,2(3):83-91.
[14]和政军,宋天锐,丁孝忠,等.北京及邻区长城纪火山事件的沉积记录[J].沉积学报,2000,18(4):510-514.
[15]张侗飞,祝洪臣.关于蓟县中、上元古界沉积环境及内蒙地轴的性质[J].吉林地质,2000,19(4):11-16.
[16]金之钧.塔里木盆地油气富集规律的新认识与大型油气田勘探方向[C]//牟书令.塔里木盆地油气勘探研究报告集.北京:石油工业出版社,2005:42-51.
[17]乔秀夫,宋天锐,高林志,等.碳酸盐岩振动液化地震序列[J].地质学报,1994,68(1):16-34.
[18]乔秀夫,宋天锐,李海兵,等.辽东半岛南部震旦系—下寒武统成因地层[M].北京:科学出版社,1996:1-174.
[19]乔秀夫,高林志.华北中新元古代及早古生代地震灾变事件及与Rodinia的关系[J].科学通报,1999,44(16):1753-1757.
[20]乔秀夫,宋天锐,高林志,等.地层中地震记录(古地震)[M].北京:地质出版社,2006:1-263.
[21]唐烽,高林志.北京及邻区青白口纪化石相研究[J].地质论评,1999,45(1):50-58.
[22]Condie K C.Plate tectonic and crustal evolution[M].New York:Pergamon Press,INC.1995:1-285.
[2]高林志,张传恒,史晓颖,等.华北青白口系下马岭组凝灰岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年[J].地质通报,2007,26(3):249-255.
[3]陈晋镳,张惠民,朱世兴,等.蓟县震旦亚界的研究[M]//中震旦亚界研究.天津:天津科学技术出版社,1980:56-114.
[4]邢裕盛,高振家,王自强,等.新元古界,中地层典[M].北京:地质出版社,1996:1-117.
[5]乔秀夫.青白口系地层学研究[J].地质科学,1976,(4):246-265.
[6]陆松年,李惠民.蓟县长城系大红峪组火山岩的单颗粒锆石U-Pb法准确定年[J].地球学报,1991,22:137-145.
[7]Gradstein F M,Ogg J G,Smith A G,et al.A new geologic time scale with special reference to Precambrian and Neogen[J].Episodes,2004,27(2):83-100.
[8]王鸿祯.地球的节律与大陆动力学的思考[J].地学前缘,1977,4(3/4):1-12.
[9]苏文博,李志明,史晓颖,等.华南五峰组—龙马溪组与华北下马岭组的钾质斑脱岩及黑色岩系——两个地史转折期板块构造运动的沉积响应[J].地学前缘,2006,13(6):82-95.
[10]Rogers J,Santosh M.Configuration of Columbia,a Mesopro-terozoic supercontinet[J].Gondwana Research,2002,5:5-22.
[11]郁建华,付会芹,张凤兰,等.元古代北京裂谷槽中钾质碱性火山-深成作用[J].中区域地质,1994,(2):115-122.
[12]邓晋福,罗照华,苏尚,等.岩石成岩、构造环境与成矿作用[M].北京:地质出版社,2004:1-381.
[13]和政军,宋天锐,丁孝忠,等.燕山中元古代裂谷早期同沉积断裂活动及其对事件沉积的影响[J].古地理学报,2000,2(3):83-91.
[14]和政军,宋天锐,丁孝忠,等.北京及邻区长城纪火山事件的沉积记录[J].沉积学报,2000,18(4):510-514.
[15]张侗飞,祝洪臣.关于蓟县中、上元古界沉积环境及内蒙地轴的性质[J].吉林地质,2000,19(4):11-16.
[16]金之钧.塔里木盆地油气富集规律的新认识与大型油气田勘探方向[C]//牟书令.塔里木盆地油气勘探研究报告集.北京:石油工业出版社,2005:42-51.
[17]乔秀夫,宋天锐,高林志,等.碳酸盐岩振动液化地震序列[J].地质学报,1994,68(1):16-34.
[18]乔秀夫,宋天锐,李海兵,等.辽东半岛南部震旦系—下寒武统成因地层[M].北京:科学出版社,1996:1-174.
[19]乔秀夫,高林志.华北中新元古代及早古生代地震灾变事件及与Rodinia的关系[J].科学通报,1999,44(16):1753-1757.
[20]乔秀夫,宋天锐,高林志,等.地层中地震记录(古地震)[M].北京:地质出版社,2006:1-263.
[21]唐烽,高林志.北京及邻区青白口纪化石相研究[J].地质论评,1999,45(1):50-58.
[22]Condie K C.Plate tectonic and crustal evolution[M].New York:Pergamon Press,INC.1995:1-285.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心