尼日尔三角洲下陆坡限定性重力流沉积过程及响应
摘要
尼日尔三角洲下陆坡存在极为活跃的重力流沉积作用.利用尼日尔三角洲下陆坡近海底高分辨率三维地震资料,研究复杂地貌条件下的重力流沉积过程及其响应.通过近海底浅层高分辨率地震资料解释发现,尼日尔三角洲下陆坡受中新世至上新世重力逆冲构造活动的影响具有阶梯状复杂地貌特征,陆坡存在两种可容空间类型:孤立闭合池状可容空间和连通弯曲通道状愈合可容空间,并发育多级次深海扇(朵体)和深水水道沉积.重力流流体特征和汇聚盆地特征影响重力流沉积过程:早期重力流在不同池状可容空间内以充填-溢出模式进行沉积充填,后期重力流活动限制在连通通道内.尼日尔三角洲下陆坡复杂的地貌特征控制了重力流垂向沉积演化过程和平面分布,造成下陆坡深水区复杂的重力流沉积格局.
引文
1李忠.“从最高到最深”—从第17届国际沉积学大会看沉积学研究前沿.沉积学报,2006,24:928—933
2Saller A,Werner K,Sugiaman F,et al.Characteristics of Pleistocene deep-water fan lobes and their application to an upper Miocene reservoir model,offshore East Kalimantan,Indonesia.Am Assoc Petrol Geol Bull,2008,92:919—949
3Fonnesu F.3-D seismic images of a low-sinuosity slope channel and related depositional lobe(west Africa deep offshore).Mar Petrol Geol,2003,20:615—629
4Adeogba A A,McHargue T R,Graham S A.Transient fan architecture and depositional controls from near-surface3-D seismic data,Niger Delta continental slope.Am Assoc Petrol Geol Bull,2005,89:627—643
5Gervais A,Savoye B,Mulder T,et al.Sandy modern turbidite lobes:A new insight from high resolution seismic data.Mar Petrol Geol,2006,23:485—502
6Jackson C A L,Barber G P,Martinsen O G.Submarine slope morphology as a control on the development of sand-rich turbidite depositional systems:3D seismic analysis of the Kyrre Fm(Upper Cretaceous),Maloy slope,offshore Norway.Mar Petrol Geol,2008,25:663—680
7McDonnell A,Loucks R G,Galloway W E.Paleocene to Eocene deep-water slope canyons,western Gulf of Mexico:Further insights for the provenance of deep-water offshore Wilcox Group plays.Am Assoc Petrol Geol Bull,2008,92:1169—1189
8Kostenko O V,Naruk S J,Hack W,et al.Structural evaluation of column-height controls at a toe-thrust discovery,deep-water Niger Delta.Am Assoc Petrol Geol Bull,2008,92:1615—1638
9Corredor F,Shaw J H,Bilotti F.Structural styles in the deep-water fold and thrust belts of the Niger Delta.Am Assoc Petrol Geol Bull,2005,89:753—780
10Prather B E.Controls on reservoir distribution,architecture and stratigraphic trapping in slope settings.Mar Petrol Geol,2003,20:527—543
11Rowan M G,Peel F J,Vendeville B C.Gravity-driven fold belts on passive margins.In:McClay K R,ed.Thrust Tectonics and Hydrocarbon Systems.Tulsa:AAPG and Datapages,2004.157—182
12林畅松,杨海军,刘景彦,等.塔里木盆地古生代中央隆起带古构造地貌及其对沉积相发育发布的制约.中国科学D辑:地球科学,2009,39:306—316
13Prather B E,Booth J R,Steffens G S,et al.Classification,lithologic calibration,and stratigraphic succession of seismic facies of intraslope basins,deep-water Gulf of Mexico.Am Assoc Petrol Geol Bull,1998,82:701—728
14Heinio P,Davies R J.Knickpoint migration in submarine channels in response to fold growth,western Niger Delta.Mar Petrol Geol,2007,24:434—449
15Mutti E,Normark W R.An integrated approach to the study of turbidite systems.In:Weimer P,Link M I,eds.Seismic Facies and Sedimentary Processes of Submarine Fans and Turbidite Systems.New York:Springer,1991.75—106
16Reading H G,Richards M.Turbidite systems in deep-water basin margins classified by grain size and feeder system.Am Assoc Petrol Geol Bull,1994,78:792—822
17Van Andel T H,Komar P D.Ponded sediments of the Mid-Atlantic ridge between22°and23°north latitude.Geol Soc Am Bull,1969,80:1163—1190
18Pickering K T,Hiscott R N.Contained(reflected)turbidity currents from the middle Ordovician Cloridorme Formation,Quebec,Canada:An alternative to the antidune hypothesis.Sedimentology,1985,32:373—394
19Mutti E,Normark W R.Comparing examples of modern and ancient turbidite systems:Problems and concepts.In:Legget J K,Zuffa G G,eds.Marine Clastic Sedimentology.London:Graham and Trotman,1987.1—38
20Ross W C,Halliwell B A,May J A,et al.Slope readjustment:A new model for the development of submarine fans and aprons.Geology,1994,22:511—514
21Kneller B C,McCaffrey D W.Modeling the effects of salt induced topography on deposition from turbidity currents.Houston:SEPM Gulf Coast Section,1995.137—145
22Kneller B C,McCaffrey D W.Depositional effects of flow nonuniformity and stratification within turbidity currents approaching a bounding slope:Deflection,reflection and facies variation.J Sediment Res,1999,69:980—991
23Galloway W E.Siliciclastic slope and base-of-slope depositional systems:Component facies,stratigraphic architecture,and classification.Am Assoc Petrol Geol Bull,1998,82:569—595
24Prather B E.Calibration and visualization of depositional process models for above-grade slopes:A case study from the Gulf of Mexico.Mar Petrol Geol,2000,17:619—638
25Smith R.Silled sub-basins to connected tortuous corridors:Sediment distribution systems on topographically complex sub-aqueous slopes.In:Lomas S A,Joseph P,eds.Confined Turbidite Systems.London:Geological Society,2004.23—43
26Doust H,Omatsola E.Niger Delta.In:Edwards J D,Santogrossi P A,eds.Divergent/Passive Margins Basins.Tulsa:AAPG and Datapages,1990.201—238
27Steffens G S,Biegert E K,Sumner H S,et al.Quantitative bathymetric analyses of selected deepwater siliciclastic margins:Receiving basin configurations for deepwater fan systems.Mar Petrol Geol,2003,20:547—561
2Saller A,Werner K,Sugiaman F,et al.Characteristics of Pleistocene deep-water fan lobes and their application to an upper Miocene reservoir model,offshore East Kalimantan,Indonesia.Am Assoc Petrol Geol Bull,2008,92:919—949
3Fonnesu F.3-D seismic images of a low-sinuosity slope channel and related depositional lobe(west Africa deep offshore).Mar Petrol Geol,2003,20:615—629
4Adeogba A A,McHargue T R,Graham S A.Transient fan architecture and depositional controls from near-surface3-D seismic data,Niger Delta continental slope.Am Assoc Petrol Geol Bull,2005,89:627—643
5Gervais A,Savoye B,Mulder T,et al.Sandy modern turbidite lobes:A new insight from high resolution seismic data.Mar Petrol Geol,2006,23:485—502
6Jackson C A L,Barber G P,Martinsen O G.Submarine slope morphology as a control on the development of sand-rich turbidite depositional systems:3D seismic analysis of the Kyrre Fm(Upper Cretaceous),Maloy slope,offshore Norway.Mar Petrol Geol,2008,25:663—680
7McDonnell A,Loucks R G,Galloway W E.Paleocene to Eocene deep-water slope canyons,western Gulf of Mexico:Further insights for the provenance of deep-water offshore Wilcox Group plays.Am Assoc Petrol Geol Bull,2008,92:1169—1189
8Kostenko O V,Naruk S J,Hack W,et al.Structural evaluation of column-height controls at a toe-thrust discovery,deep-water Niger Delta.Am Assoc Petrol Geol Bull,2008,92:1615—1638
9Corredor F,Shaw J H,Bilotti F.Structural styles in the deep-water fold and thrust belts of the Niger Delta.Am Assoc Petrol Geol Bull,2005,89:753—780
10Prather B E.Controls on reservoir distribution,architecture and stratigraphic trapping in slope settings.Mar Petrol Geol,2003,20:527—543
11Rowan M G,Peel F J,Vendeville B C.Gravity-driven fold belts on passive margins.In:McClay K R,ed.Thrust Tectonics and Hydrocarbon Systems.Tulsa:AAPG and Datapages,2004.157—182
12林畅松,杨海军,刘景彦,等.塔里木盆地古生代中央隆起带古构造地貌及其对沉积相发育发布的制约.中国科学D辑:地球科学,2009,39:306—316
13Prather B E,Booth J R,Steffens G S,et al.Classification,lithologic calibration,and stratigraphic succession of seismic facies of intraslope basins,deep-water Gulf of Mexico.Am Assoc Petrol Geol Bull,1998,82:701—728
14Heinio P,Davies R J.Knickpoint migration in submarine channels in response to fold growth,western Niger Delta.Mar Petrol Geol,2007,24:434—449
15Mutti E,Normark W R.An integrated approach to the study of turbidite systems.In:Weimer P,Link M I,eds.Seismic Facies and Sedimentary Processes of Submarine Fans and Turbidite Systems.New York:Springer,1991.75—106
16Reading H G,Richards M.Turbidite systems in deep-water basin margins classified by grain size and feeder system.Am Assoc Petrol Geol Bull,1994,78:792—822
17Van Andel T H,Komar P D.Ponded sediments of the Mid-Atlantic ridge between22°and23°north latitude.Geol Soc Am Bull,1969,80:1163—1190
18Pickering K T,Hiscott R N.Contained(reflected)turbidity currents from the middle Ordovician Cloridorme Formation,Quebec,Canada:An alternative to the antidune hypothesis.Sedimentology,1985,32:373—394
19Mutti E,Normark W R.Comparing examples of modern and ancient turbidite systems:Problems and concepts.In:Legget J K,Zuffa G G,eds.Marine Clastic Sedimentology.London:Graham and Trotman,1987.1—38
20Ross W C,Halliwell B A,May J A,et al.Slope readjustment:A new model for the development of submarine fans and aprons.Geology,1994,22:511—514
21Kneller B C,McCaffrey D W.Modeling the effects of salt induced topography on deposition from turbidity currents.Houston:SEPM Gulf Coast Section,1995.137—145
22Kneller B C,McCaffrey D W.Depositional effects of flow nonuniformity and stratification within turbidity currents approaching a bounding slope:Deflection,reflection and facies variation.J Sediment Res,1999,69:980—991
23Galloway W E.Siliciclastic slope and base-of-slope depositional systems:Component facies,stratigraphic architecture,and classification.Am Assoc Petrol Geol Bull,1998,82:569—595
24Prather B E.Calibration and visualization of depositional process models for above-grade slopes:A case study from the Gulf of Mexico.Mar Petrol Geol,2000,17:619—638
25Smith R.Silled sub-basins to connected tortuous corridors:Sediment distribution systems on topographically complex sub-aqueous slopes.In:Lomas S A,Joseph P,eds.Confined Turbidite Systems.London:Geological Society,2004.23—43
26Doust H,Omatsola E.Niger Delta.In:Edwards J D,Santogrossi P A,eds.Divergent/Passive Margins Basins.Tulsa:AAPG and Datapages,1990.201—238
27Steffens G S,Biegert E K,Sumner H S,et al.Quantitative bathymetric analyses of selected deepwater siliciclastic margins:Receiving basin configurations for deepwater fan systems.Mar Petrol Geol,2003,20:547—561
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