塔中隆起晚奥陶世古地貌及其沉积相特征
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摘要
塔中Ⅰ号断裂带古地貌及其沉积相是控制塔中地区晚奥陶世台缘相带和大型生物礁油气藏发育的主要因素,在该区寻找相似的生物礁发育带具有重要的勘探意义。分析塔中隆起上奥陶统沉积体系地震反射结构,选择距古隆起顶面最近且全区易追踪的沉积界面作为近似古水平面,恢复了塔中隆起及其邻区上奥陶统沉积前的古地貌,并将其划分为6个单元:台内高隆、台内缓坡、台地斜坡、陆架斜坡、陆架坡折和深海盆地,其中分别发育局限台地相、开阔台地相、台地边缘相、开阔陆棚相和深海槽盆相。研究表明,台内缓坡带具有与塔中Ⅰ号断裂带相似的古地貌及沉积相特征,且主要分布在塔中隆起南斜坡并向和田河东延伸一带,以及西部沿吐木休克断裂一带和顺托果勒低隆段两侧,可能是生物礁油气藏勘探的重要目标。
The palaeogeomorphology and its sedimentary facies in central Tarim I fault belt is the major factor to control the development of Late Ordovician platform margin and large-scale reef reservoir in central Tarim area,looking for similar reef development belt is important for exploration in this area. Seismic reflection structure in Upper Ordovician sedimentary system was analyzed,the sediment interface which is the closest to paleo-uplift top and is easy to track was selected as palaeo-water level,and the palaeogeomorphology for central Tarim uplift and its nearby area in pre-Upper Ordovician sediment was recovered and it was divided into 6 units,inner-platform uplift,inner-platform gentle slope,platform slope,shelf slope,shelf break and deep sea basin,and the local plateau facies,open plateau facies,platform edge facies,open shelf facies and deep sea trough basin facies were developed in it. The studies show that like central Tarim I fault belt the inner-platform gentle slope belt has similar palaeogeomorphology and sedimentary facies characteristics,and it mainly distributes in south slope of the central Tarim uplift and in the eastward extending area of Hetian river,and along the western Tumuxiuke fault belt and the two flanks of Shuntuoguole low-uplift,it may be an important target for reef reservoir exploration.
The palaeogeomorphology and its sedimentary facies in central Tarim I fault belt is the major factor to control the development of Late Ordovician platform margin and large-scale reef reservoir in central Tarim area,looking for similar reef development belt is important for exploration in this area. Seismic reflection structure in Upper Ordovician sedimentary system was analyzed,the sediment interface which is the closest to paleo-uplift top and is easy to track was selected as palaeo-water level,and the palaeogeomorphology for central Tarim uplift and its nearby area in pre-Upper Ordovician sediment was recovered and it was divided into 6 units,inner-platform uplift,inner-platform gentle slope,platform slope,shelf slope,shelf break and deep sea basin,and the local plateau facies,open plateau facies,platform edge facies,open shelf facies and deep sea trough basin facies were developed in it. The studies show that like central Tarim I fault belt the inner-platform gentle slope belt has similar palaeogeomorphology and sedimentary facies characteristics,and it mainly distributes in south slope of the central Tarim uplift and in the eastward extending area of Hetian river,and along the western Tumuxiuke fault belt and the two flanks of Shuntuoguole low-uplift,it may be an important target for reef reservoir exploration.
引文
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[2]汤良杰.塔里木盆地演化和构造样式.北京:地质出版社,1996,1~136
[3]张光亚.塔里木古生代克拉通盆地形成演化与油气.北京:地质出版社,2000,1~115
[4]林畅松,杨海军,刘景彦等.塔里木早古生代原盆地古隆起地貌和古地理格局与地层圈闭发育分布.石油与天然气地质,2008,29(2):189~197
[5]贾承造,魏国奇.塔里木盆地构造特征与含油气性.科学通报,2002,47(增刊):1~8
[6]周兴熙.复合叠合盆地油气成藏特征——以塔里木盆地为例.地学前缘,2000,7(3):39~47
[7]贾承造,魏国齐.塔里木盆地古生界古隆起和中、新生界前陆逆冲带构造及其控油意义.见:童晓光,梁狄刚,贾承造主编.塔里木盆地石油地质研究新进展.北京:科学出版社,1996,225~234
[8]顾家裕,方辉,蒋凌志.塔里木盆地奥陶系生物礁的发现及其意义.石油勘探与开发.2001,28(4):1~3
[9]沈安江,陈子炓.南盘江地区二叠纪生物礁成因类型及潜伏礁预测.石油勘探与开发,2001.28(3):29~32
[10]任兴国,罗利,姚声贤等.川东地区生物礁测井预测方法研究.石油勘探与开发,2000,27(1):41~43
[11]欧阳睿,焦存礼等.塔里木盆地塔中地区生物礁特征及分布.石油勘探与开发,2003,30(2):33~36
[12]Davies RJ,Posamentier H W,Wood LJ et al.Seis-mic Geomorphology:Applications to Hydrocarbon Exploration and Production.London:The Geolog-ical Society,2007,1~269
[13]李宇平,王振宇,李文华等.塔中Ⅰ号断裂构造带奥陶系碳酸盐岩圈闭类型及其勘探意义.地质科学,2002,37(增刊):141~151
[14]李宇平,王振宇.塔中地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩重力流沉积.新疆石油地质,1997,18(3):231~233
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