羌塘盆地新构造活动与环境地质效应
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摘要
本文将羌塘盆地新生代构造运动划分为三个阶段:古近纪为剥蚀、夷平和地壳加厚阶段;中新世为强烈挤压、褶皱阶段;上新世—全新世为高原缓慢整体抬升阶段。羌塘盆地的环境变迁和地质灾害与新生代构造活动密切相关。本区的强烈隆起、半荒漠化、沙尘暴、山洪、泥石流、冰川崩塌和雪崩、地震等均受新构造活动控制。
The Qiangtang Basin is the largest Mesozoic-Cenozoic basin in the northern part of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.The current hot spots of geological research for the basin focus on the Palaeo-Tethys evolution and petroleum geology,and little has been known for the Cenozoic geology of the basin.It is inferred,on the basis of Cenozoic stratigraphy,volcanic rocks and regional unconformities,that the Cenozoic tectonic activities in the basin have undergone three phases of evolution: erosion,planation and crustal thickening during the Palaeogene;highly compression and folding during the Miocene,and slow and overall uplifting of the plateau during the Pliocene to the Holocene.The neotectonic activities outlined above apparently have an important effect on the highly uplifted areas,semi-desert areas,sand storms,flash floods,debris flows,landslides,avalanches of snow and glaciers,and earthquakes in the Qiangtang Basin.
The Qiangtang Basin is the largest Mesozoic-Cenozoic basin in the northern part of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.The current hot spots of geological research for the basin focus on the Palaeo-Tethys evolution and petroleum geology,and little has been known for the Cenozoic geology of the basin.It is inferred,on the basis of Cenozoic stratigraphy,volcanic rocks and regional unconformities,that the Cenozoic tectonic activities in the basin have undergone three phases of evolution: erosion,planation and crustal thickening during the Palaeogene;highly compression and folding during the Miocene,and slow and overall uplifting of the plateau during the Pliocene to the Holocene.The neotectonic activities outlined above apparently have an important effect on the highly uplifted areas,semi-desert areas,sand storms,flash floods,debris flows,landslides,avalanches of snow and glaciers,and earthquakes in the Qiangtang Basin.
引文
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[2]李才,翟庆国,程立人,等.青藏高原羌塘地区几个关键地质问题的思考[J].地质通报,2005,24(4):295-301.
[3]和钟铧,李才,杨德明,等.西藏羌塘盆地的构造沉积特征及演化[J].长春科技大学学报,2000,30(4):347-352.
[4]李海兵,杨经绥.青藏高原北部白垩纪隆升的证据[J].地学前缘,2004,11(4):345-359.
[5]谭钦银,余谦,李明辉.羌塘盆地双湖地区新构造运动探讨[J].特提斯地质,1999,23:121-127.
[6]南征兵,李永铁.新生代构造与羌塘盆地油气保存[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2008,28(1):70-75.
[7]孟艳宁,王国灿,王岸,等.青藏高原腹地羌塘地体中新生代地层褶皱收缩量研究及其意义[J].大地构造与成矿学,2008,32(4):401-409.
[8]李亚林,王成善,尹海生,等.西藏北部双湖地堑构造与新生代伸展作用[J].中国科学D辑,2001,31卷增刊:228-233.
[9]李亚林,王成善,尹海生,等.青藏高原新生代地堑构造研究中几个问题的讨论[J].地质论评,2005,51(5):493-501.
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