大型凹陷向斜区油气倒灌式成藏——以松辽盆地三肇凹陷扶杨油层为例
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摘要
三肇凹陷扶杨油层为典型大型凹陷向斜区油气倒灌式成藏,利用300条地震剖面、825口井曲线、11口井岩芯和探评井试油资料对扶杨油层断层特征及运动期次、油气下排深度、储层沉积特征等油气成藏主控因素综合研究表明:T2断层受控于基底断层、下部火山口、斜向拉张和伸展量差异四种因素具有平面密集成带、剖面"似花状"组合特征,且油气成藏期活动的油源断层多数为断层密集带边界断层;理论计算超压驱动油气下排深度和实际油底包络面统计扶杨油层含油厚度约为200m;重矿物分析扶杨油层主要受北部拜泉—青冈和西南保康物源影响,两物源在徐家围子地区交汇后向东流出;沉积微相揭示扶杨油层发育向上逐渐退积的河控浅水三角洲沉积体系,顶部为三角洲前缘亚相,中—下部为三角洲分流平原亚相,其中扶Ⅰ7—扶Ⅱ1小层为水退最大期,是油气富集主要层位。明水组末期青山口组源岩达到生油高峰,油气在超压作用下沿开启的断层密集带边界断层幕式下排后沿两侧上升盘河道砂体做短距离侧向运移,即断层密集带两侧地垒或断阶块为油气富集区,而断层密集带内多为地堑式组合,不利于油气聚集,在成藏模式指导下刻画出47个油气富集目标区,为松辽盆地北部扶杨油层下一步的勘探与开发指明了方向。
The Fuyang reservoir of the Sanzhao depression in the Songliao Basin is a typical large-depression reserved-migration accumulation.300 seismic sections,log curves of 825 wells,11 well-cores and exploratory well testing data were applied to do some composite study on the features and moving periods of faults,hydrocarbon down-migration depth,reservoir depositional characteristics and so on, the main factors controlling hydrocarbon accumulation. They are concluded that: (1) T2 faults are controlled by basement fault,lower craters,difference between the amount of oblique tension and extension,having the association characteristics of concentrated into ribbons in plane,"flower-like" combination in section. And the oil sources faults that are active at the hydrocarbon accumulation period are mainly boundary faults of concentrated ribbons. (2) Theoretical calculations of down-migration depth driven by overpressure and the statistics on the practical oil pan envelope suggest that the thickness bearing oil in the Fuyang reservoir is 200m. (3) Heavy mineral analysis that the Fuyang reservoir are mainly affected by the northern Baiquan—Qinggang source and the southwest Baokang source.And the two source meet in the region of Xujiaweizi then flow to the east. (4) Sedimentary microfacies reveal that the Fuyang reservoir grow gradually retrogradation shallow delta depositional system.The top is delta front facies,and the middle and bottom is delta distributary plain facies. The development period of FⅠ7—FⅡ1 is the largest period of region water regression,which are the main enrichment horizon. At the end of the Mingshui Group,the Qingshankou source rocks reach oil generation peak,hydrocarbon migration episodic pass down to along open boundary faults of concentrated ribbons,and crossrange migration for short distance along distributary river sand on uplifted side of the both side.That is,horst and fault horst that located with both sides of the fault concentrated ribbons are hydrocarbon concentrate region,the concentrated ribbons are always combinative graben which is not good for accumulation.At the guidance of the accumulation model,47 hydrocarbon-riched target area were depicted,which gave a clear direction in the exploration and development for the Fuyang in the Songliao basin.
The Fuyang reservoir of the Sanzhao depression in the Songliao Basin is a typical large-depression reserved-migration accumulation.300 seismic sections,log curves of 825 wells,11 well-cores and exploratory well testing data were applied to do some composite study on the features and moving periods of faults,hydrocarbon down-migration depth,reservoir depositional characteristics and so on, the main factors controlling hydrocarbon accumulation. They are concluded that: (1) T2 faults are controlled by basement fault,lower craters,difference between the amount of oblique tension and extension,having the association characteristics of concentrated into ribbons in plane,"flower-like" combination in section. And the oil sources faults that are active at the hydrocarbon accumulation period are mainly boundary faults of concentrated ribbons. (2) Theoretical calculations of down-migration depth driven by overpressure and the statistics on the practical oil pan envelope suggest that the thickness bearing oil in the Fuyang reservoir is 200m. (3) Heavy mineral analysis that the Fuyang reservoir are mainly affected by the northern Baiquan—Qinggang source and the southwest Baokang source.And the two source meet in the region of Xujiaweizi then flow to the east. (4) Sedimentary microfacies reveal that the Fuyang reservoir grow gradually retrogradation shallow delta depositional system.The top is delta front facies,and the middle and bottom is delta distributary plain facies. The development period of FⅠ7—FⅡ1 is the largest period of region water regression,which are the main enrichment horizon. At the end of the Mingshui Group,the Qingshankou source rocks reach oil generation peak,hydrocarbon migration episodic pass down to along open boundary faults of concentrated ribbons,and crossrange migration for short distance along distributary river sand on uplifted side of the both side.That is,horst and fault horst that located with both sides of the fault concentrated ribbons are hydrocarbon concentrate region,the concentrated ribbons are always combinative graben which is not good for accumulation.At the guidance of the accumulation model,47 hydrocarbon-riched target area were depicted,which gave a clear direction in the exploration and development for the Fuyang in the Songliao basin.
引文
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李丕龙,张善文,宋国奇,肖焕钦,王永诗.2004.断陷盆地隐蔽油气藏形成机制以渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷为例.石油实验地质,26(1),3~10.
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楼章华,谢鸿森,蔡希源,王玉华,李本武.1997.松辽盆地扶杨油层(K1q3+4)沉积环境.石油实验地质,19(1):71~75.
罗群.2002.断裂控烃理论与油气勘探实践.地球科学,27(6):751~756.
罗群,庞雄奇,姜振学.2005.一种有效追踪油气运移轨迹的新方法断面优势运移通道的提出及其应用.地质论评,51(2):156~162.
王圣柱,梁毅,钱克兵,金强,王力.2007.东营凹陷南斜坡深层成藏特征及主控因素分析.沉积学报,25(3):474~481.
吴河勇,梁晓东,向才富,王跃文.2007.松辽盆地向斜油藏特征及成藏机理探讨.中国科学(D辑),37(2):185~191.
张革,林景晔,杨庆杰,杨辉.2002.松辽盆地西部扶杨油层成藏条件和勘探潜力.大庆石油与开发,21(5):5~7.
赵文智,邹才能,汪泽成,李建忠,李明,牛嘉玉.2004.富油气凹陷“满凹含油”论内涵与意义.石油勘探与开发,31(2):5~13.
卓勤功.2006.断陷盆地洼陷带岩性油气藏成藏机理及运聚模式.石油学报,27(6):19~23.
Bekele E,Person M,de Marsily G.1999.Petroleum migration andpassways charge concentration:A three di mensional model:Discussion.AAPG Bulletin,83:1015~1019.
冯有良,徐秀生.2006.同沉积构造坡折带对岩性油气藏富集带的控制作用以渤海湾盆地古近系为例.石油勘探与开发,33(1):22~25.
付广,陈章明,付晓飞,杨勉.2001.松辽盆地两江地区油成藏模式及其控制因素.石油勘探与开发,28(2):19~22.
付广,王有功.2008a.三肇凹陷青山口组源岩生成油向下“倒灌”运移层位及其研究意义.沉积学报,26(2):355~360.
付广,王有功.2008b.源外鼻状构造区油运移输导通道及对成藏的作用以松辽盆地尚家地区为例.地质论评,54(5):646~652.
贺电,李江海,刘守偈,韩亮.2008.松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷营城组大型破火山口的发现.中国地质,35(3):463~471.
胡望水,吕炳全,张文军,毛治国,冷军,官大勇.2005.松辽盆地构造演化及成盆动力学探讨.地质科学,40(1):16~31.
霍秋立,冯子辉,付丽,刘世妍.1999.松辽盆地三肇凹陷扶杨油层石油运移方式.石油勘探与开发,26(3):25~27.
蒋有录,谭丽娟,荣启宏,宋建勇.2003.东营凹陷博兴地区油气成藏动力学与成藏模式.地质科学,38(3):413~424.
李丕龙,张善文,宋国奇,肖焕钦,王永诗.2004.断陷盆地隐蔽油气藏形成机制以渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷为例.石油实验地质,26(1),3~10.
李延平,陈树民,宋永忠,王始波,宋铁星,李如一.2005.大庆长垣及以东泉三、四段扶杨油层浅水湖泊-三角洲体系沉积特征.大庆石油与开发,24(5):13~16.
林畅松,潘元林,肖建新,孔凡仙,刘景彦,郑和荣.2000.构造坡折带-断陷湖盆层序和油气预测的重要概念.地球科学,25(3):260~267.
刘静江,刘池洋,王震亮.2008.从含油气系统到成藏油气系统油气系统研究新动向.地质论评,54(6):801~806.
楼章华,谢鸿森,蔡希源,王玉华,李本武.1997.松辽盆地扶杨油层(K1q3+4)沉积环境.石油实验地质,19(1):71~75.
罗群.2002.断裂控烃理论与油气勘探实践.地球科学,27(6):751~756.
罗群,庞雄奇,姜振学.2005.一种有效追踪油气运移轨迹的新方法断面优势运移通道的提出及其应用.地质论评,51(2):156~162.
王圣柱,梁毅,钱克兵,金强,王力.2007.东营凹陷南斜坡深层成藏特征及主控因素分析.沉积学报,25(3):474~481.
吴河勇,梁晓东,向才富,王跃文.2007.松辽盆地向斜油藏特征及成藏机理探讨.中国科学(D辑),37(2):185~191.
张革,林景晔,杨庆杰,杨辉.2002.松辽盆地西部扶杨油层成藏条件和勘探潜力.大庆石油与开发,21(5):5~7.
赵文智,邹才能,汪泽成,李建忠,李明,牛嘉玉.2004.富油气凹陷“满凹含油”论内涵与意义.石油勘探与开发,31(2):5~13.
卓勤功.2006.断陷盆地洼陷带岩性油气藏成藏机理及运聚模式.石油学报,27(6):19~23.
Bekele E,Person M,de Marsily G.1999.Petroleum migration andpassways charge concentration:A three di mensional model:Discussion.AAPG Bulletin,83:1015~1019.
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