北京山前平原区第四系三维结构调查方法研究
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摘要
随着我国城市化进程的加快,城市供水、地下空间资源利用、建筑物地基处理、垃圾安全处置等工作,越来越与地质工作紧密相关,特别是许多在第四纪沉积物基础上建设的大都市,都面临着地震、活动断裂、地面沉降、水资源紧缺、建设空间不足、环境恶化等方面的威胁。北京市作为世界上少数几个著名的巨型城市之一,也面临着同样的问题。这些城市的生存和发展与第四纪松散沉积物关系密切,为了预防或减少上述问题的发生,需要详细了解第四系的三维地质结构,提供地质体空间详实的展布资料。本文在详细地介绍了北京平原区第四系的分布、类型和特点的基础上,对北京市平原区第四纪松散沉积物开展三维地质结构调查的方法进行了深入研究,提出了建立三维地质结构模型的步骤和程序。在此基础上建立了北京平原区三维立体地质结构数字模型。为在城市地区开展第四纪地质调查工作进行了新探索,并取得了较好的效果。
With China's urbanization speeding up,increasing urban construction such as city water supply,utilization of underground space resources,ground improvement,garbage disposal are closely related to geological work.Especially,metropolitan cities building on the Quaternary are being threatened from earthquake,active faulting,land subsidence,water shortage,scarce land,environmental deterioration,etc.Beijing,as one of the few gigantic metropolitan cities around the world,has no exception.But the subsistence and development of these cities are indispensable to the Quaternary unconsolidated sediments.Therefore,it is essential to understand the 3-D geologic structures of the Quaternary,because it will provide detailed spatial distribution data of geological bodies so as to prevent and reduce the occurrences of above-mentioned disasters.This study based on the distribution,type and features of the Beijing Quaternary plain put forward an approach to establish the 3-D geological structural model,upon which the 3-D digital model of geological bodies in the piedmont plain in Beijing was established.This provides a new mean for conducting geological investigation on the Quaternary and achieved a satisfactory application result.
With China's urbanization speeding up,increasing urban construction such as city water supply,utilization of underground space resources,ground improvement,garbage disposal are closely related to geological work.Especially,metropolitan cities building on the Quaternary are being threatened from earthquake,active faulting,land subsidence,water shortage,scarce land,environmental deterioration,etc.Beijing,as one of the few gigantic metropolitan cities around the world,has no exception.But the subsistence and development of these cities are indispensable to the Quaternary unconsolidated sediments.Therefore,it is essential to understand the 3-D geologic structures of the Quaternary,because it will provide detailed spatial distribution data of geological bodies so as to prevent and reduce the occurrences of above-mentioned disasters.This study based on the distribution,type and features of the Beijing Quaternary plain put forward an approach to establish the 3-D geological structural model,upon which the 3-D digital model of geological bodies in the piedmont plain in Beijing was established.This provides a new mean for conducting geological investigation on the Quaternary and achieved a satisfactory application result.
引文
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程捷,王海芝,张西娟,余江宽,杜宏刚.2002.周口店第四纪地质与环境变迁研究进展与展望.地质力学学报,8(4):347～351.
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屈红刚,潘懋,王勇,薛胜,明镜.2006.基于含拓扑剖面的三维地质建模.-北京大学学报(自然科学版),42(6):717～723.
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吴立新,史文中.2005.论三维地学空间构模.地理与地理信息科学,21(1):1～4.
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魏兰英,彭贵,严富华.1997.北京地区末次冰消期气候环境变化记录的初步研究。第四纪研究,(2):183～191.
袁宝印,邓成龙,吕金波,金昌柱,吴玉书.2002.北京平原晚第四纪堆积期与史前大洪水.第四纪研究,22(5):474～480.
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Cao Daiyong,Wang Zhangang.2004.Direct3D-Interaction in3Dgeological model visualization.Journal of China University ofMining&Technology,33(4):384～387.
Cai Xiangmin,Luan Yingbo,Guo Gaoxuan,Xu Wei.2007.A studyon sorting of the Quaternary period sedimentin the urbangeological survey.City Geology,12(12):21～25.
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Fang Haidong,Liu Yihuai,Shi bin,Wu Zhenjun,Wang Baojun.2002.3D geoscience modeling and itsengineering appication,(13):52～55.
Guo Gaoxuan,Luan Yingbo,Ye Chao,Cai Xiangmin.2008.Discussion on the lower Boundary of Quaternary systemanditsapplicationin the Beijing plain.City Geology,13(12):13～16.
Hao Shougang,Ma Xueping,Xia Zhengkai,Zhao Chaohong,YuanSixun,Yu Jincheng.2002.The early Holocene loess section inthe Donghulin site near Zhaitang in Beijing.Acta GeologicaSinica,167(13):420～429.
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Li Chang’an.1993.Changes of Quaternary paleoclimateinthe plainarea of Beijing.Regional Geology of China,(4):336～343.
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Li Longyin,Chen Huahui.1994.On magnetostratigraphy of theborehole HR88-1in Huairou area,Beijing.Journal ofStratigraphy.18(1):39～44.
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Luan Ying Bo,Guo Li,Guo Gao Xuan,Huang Xiao.2008.Geochemical character of trace elements from well N5in tneQuaternary sediments and research of Paleoclimate,paleoenvironmental.City Geology,13(13):18～22.
Pan Mao,Fang Yu,Qu Honggang.2006.Discussion on severalfoundational issues in three-dimensional geological modeling.Geography and Geo-Information Science,23(3):1～5.
Qu Honggang,Pan Mao,Wang Yong,Xue Sheng,Ming Jing.2006.Three-dimensional geological modeling from topological cross-sections.Acta Scientiarum Naturalium UniversitatisPekinensis,42(6):717～723.
Qu Honggang,Pan Mao,Ming Jing,Wu Zixing,Sun Zhidong.2008.An efficient method for high-precision3D geological modelingfrom intersected folded cross-sections.Acta ScientiarumNaturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,44(6):915～920.
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[2]岩土工程勘察规范.GB50021-20012002.1.10.
[3]南京土壤研究所.1989.中国标准土壤色卡.
[4]北京市地质勘察技术院.1990.第四系岩性分层及活动断裂调查中遥感物化探方法及合理工作程序研究报告.北京:北京市地质矿产局.
[5]北京市地质调查研究院.2007.北京市城市地质信息管理与服务系统应用软件技术报告.北京:中国地质调查局、北京市地质矿产勘查开发局.
曹代勇,王占刚.2004.三维地质模型可视化中直接三维交互的实现.中国矿业大学学报,33(4):384～387.
蔡向民,栾英波,郭高轩,徐巍.2007.城市地质调查中第四纪松散沉积物的分类研究.城市地质,2(2):21～25.
程捷,王海芝,张西娟,余江宽,杜宏刚.2002.周口店第四纪地质与环境变迁研究进展与展望.地质力学学报,8(4):347～351.
方海东,刘义怀,施斌,吴振君,王宝军.2002.三维地质建模及其工程应用.水文地质工程地质,(3):52～55.
郭高轩,栾英波,叶超,蔡向民.2008.北京平原区第四纪下限问题及其应用讨论.城市地质,3(2):13～16.
郝守刚,马学平,夏正楷,赵朝洪,原思训,郁金城.2002.北京斋堂东胡林全新世早期遗址的黄土剖面.地质学报,67(3):420～429.
孔昭宸,杜乃秋.1980.北京地区30000～10000年的植物群发展和气候变迁.植物学报,22(4):330～338.
李长安.1994.北京平原东北部晚新生代地层划分及地层层序初建.地层学杂志,18(2):138～145.
李长安.1993.北京平原区第四纪古气候变化.中国区域地质,(4):336～343.
李鼎容,彭一民,刘清泗.1979.北京平原区上新统—更新统的划分.地质科学,(4):342～349.
李龙吟,陈华慧.1992.北京地区第四纪下限的综合标志.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,17(6):631～637.
李龙吟,陈华慧.1994.北京怀柔HR88-1钻孔剖面磁性地层学研究.地层学杂志,18(1):39～44.
李华章.1995.北京地区第四纪古地理研究.北京:地质出版社,1～165.
刘泽纯,周春林,陈晔.2003.北京猿人洞穴堆积气候地层的重新划分与对比.地层学杂志,27(1):26～31.
栾英波,郭莉,郭高轩,黄骁.2008.北京地区新5孔第四纪松散沉积物的微量元素地球化学特征及古气候、古环境研究.城市地质,3(3):18～22.
潘懋,方裕,屈红刚.2006.三维地质建模若干基本问题探讨.地理与地理信息科学,23(3):1～5.
屈红刚,潘懋,王勇,薛胜,明镜.2006.基于含拓扑剖面的三维地质建模.-北京大学学报(自然科学版),42(6):717～723.
屈红刚,潘懋,明镜,吴自兴,孙志东.2008.基于交叉折剖面的高精度三维地质模型快速构建方法研究.-北京大学学报(自然科学版),44(6):915～920.
王明华,白云.2006.三维地质建模研究现状与发展趋势.土工基础,20(4):68～70.
姚轶锋,叶超,寇香玉,徐景先,贾三满,杜乃秋,李承森.2007.北京天竺晚上新世以来植被演替与气候变迁.古地理学报,9(1):45～58.
赵淑君,程捷,尹功明,昝立宏.2008.北京平原区中更新世以来的孢粉组合及其古气候意义.古地理学报,10(6):637～646.
吴立新,史文中.2005.论三维地学空间构模.地理与地理信息科学,21(1):1～4.
单青生,杨鸿连,刘连刚,1994,北京-通县平原地区第四纪环境演变北京地质,(4):1～7.
魏兰英,彭贵,严富华.1997.北京地区末次冰消期气候环境变化记录的初步研究。第四纪研究,(2):183～191.
袁宝印,邓成龙,吕金波,金昌柱,吴玉书.2002.北京平原晚第四纪堆积期与史前大洪水.第四纪研究,22(5):474～480.
张子斌,王丁,丁嘉贤.1981.北京地区一万三千年来自然环境的演变.地质科学,2(3):259～268.
赵希涛,孙秀萍,张英礼.1984.北京平原30000年来的古地理演变.中国科学,(6):544～554.
周昆叔,严富华,梁秀龙.1978.北京平原第四纪晚期花粉分析及其意义.地质科学,(1):57～64.
Cao Daiyong,Wang Zhangang.2004.Direct3D-Interaction in3Dgeological model visualization.Journal of China University ofMining&Technology,33(4):384～387.
Cai Xiangmin,Luan Yingbo,Guo Gaoxuan,Xu Wei.2007.A studyon sorting of the Quaternary period sedimentin the urbangeological survey.City Geology,12(12):21～25.
Cheng Jie,Wang Haizhi,Zhang Xijun,Yu Jiangkuan,Du Honggan.1986.A review of the Qternar Geology and environmentalchange in Zhoukoudian,Beijing.Journal of Geomechanics,8(4):347～351.
Fang Haidong,Liu Yihuai,Shi bin,Wu Zhenjun,Wang Baojun.2002.3D geoscience modeling and itsengineering appication,(13):52～55.
Guo Gaoxuan,Luan Yingbo,Ye Chao,Cai Xiangmin.2008.Discussion on the lower Boundary of Quaternary systemanditsapplicationin the Beijing plain.City Geology,13(12):13～16.
Hao Shougang,Ma Xueping,Xia Zhengkai,Zhao Chaohong,YuanSixun,Yu Jincheng.2002.The early Holocene loess section inthe Donghulin site near Zhaitang in Beijing.Acta GeologicaSinica,167(13):420～429.
Kong Zhaochen,Du Naiqiu.1980.Vegetational and climaticchanges in the past30000～10000years in Beijing.Acta BotSinica,22(4):330～338.
Li Chang An.1994.Late Cenozoic stratigraphic division andestablishment of stratigraphic successionin the northeast of theBeijing Plain.Journal of Stratigraphy,18(12):138～145.
Li Chang’an.1993.Changes of Quaternary paleoclimateinthe plainarea of Beijing.Regional Geology of China,(4):336～343.
Li Dingrong,Peng Yimin,Liu Chingsi,et al.1979.Subdivision ofplocene-pleistoceneseries in Beijing plain.Geological Sciences,(4):342～349.
Li Longyin,Chen Huahui.1992.Comprehensive criteria for the N/Qboundary in Huairou area,Beijing,China.Earth Science,17(6):631～637.
Li Longyin,Chen Huahui.1994.On magnetostratigraphy of theborehole HR88-1in Huairou area,Beijing.Journal ofStratigraphy.18(1):39～44.
Li Huazhang.1995.Quaternary paleogeography study in Beijingarea.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1～165.
Liu Zechun,Zhou Chunlin,Chen Ye.2003.Climatic stratigraphicredivision and orrelation of cave sedimentsat at locaity1inZhoukoudian,Beijing.Journal of Stratigraphy,27(1):26～31.
Luan Ying Bo,Guo Li,Guo Gao Xuan,Huang Xiao.2008.Geochemical character of trace elements from well N5in tneQuaternary sediments and research of Paleoclimate,paleoenvironmental.City Geology,13(13):18～22.
Pan Mao,Fang Yu,Qu Honggang.2006.Discussion on severalfoundational issues in three-dimensional geological modeling.Geography and Geo-Information Science,23(3):1～5.
Qu Honggang,Pan Mao,Wang Yong,Xue Sheng,Ming Jing.2006.Three-dimensional geological modeling from topological cross-sections.Acta Scientiarum Naturalium UniversitatisPekinensis,42(6):717～723.
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