渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷构造样式成因与控油作用试验研究
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摘要
南堡凹陷构造与油气聚集关系复杂,对构造样式及形成机制尚无明晰认识。基于三维地震资料构造解释,选取了两条具有典型构造样式特征的主干地质剖面,设计了剖面砂箱模拟试验,根据试验结果对其构造演化序列进行了分析。结果表明,南堡凹陷邻近边界断层的陡坡带发育滚动背斜顶部塌陷构造,远离边界断层的斜坡区则发育阶梯式或"多米诺"式盆倾断层组,断层组合具有从斜坡区向盆内逐次发育的规律;"卷心菜"式断层组合是早期基底断层重新活动的结果,与走滑作用无关;边界断层几何形态和演化控制了凹陷结构,继而控制了沉积相带的发育,并影响了油气宏观分布规律。综合分析认为,南部斜坡区是有利勘探方向,而斜坡区早期基底断层控制的局部构造带则是最有利的勘探区域。
There was a complex relationship between structural evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation in Nanpu Sag,the structural styles and their formation mechanism were not better understood.Based on the structural interpretation of 3D seismic data,two main geological cross sections with typical structural styles were selected,and a sectional sand-box physical simulation test was designed to analyze the evolutional sequences of the structural styles based on the test result.The results showed that crestal collapse structure of rollover anticline was developed near listric boundary faults while terrace or "Domino-style" fault arrays were developed in lsope zone,and the fault arrays were developed from slope to inner basin in sequence.The "cabbage" structure,which was not related with strike-slip movement was just the result of reactivity of early-base faults;the geometry and evolution of boundary faults controlled the development and distribution of sedimentary facies,therefore it influenced,the macro-distribution of hydrocarbon.It is concluded that the southern slope zone could be a prospective zone for hydrocarbon exploration and the local structural belts controlled by early-base faults should be most prospective targets of oil exploration.
There was a complex relationship between structural evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation in Nanpu Sag,the structural styles and their formation mechanism were not better understood.Based on the structural interpretation of 3D seismic data,two main geological cross sections with typical structural styles were selected,and a sectional sand-box physical simulation test was designed to analyze the evolutional sequences of the structural styles based on the test result.The results showed that crestal collapse structure of rollover anticline was developed near listric boundary faults while terrace or "Domino-style" fault arrays were developed in lsope zone,and the fault arrays were developed from slope to inner basin in sequence.The "cabbage" structure,which was not related with strike-slip movement was just the result of reactivity of early-base faults;the geometry and evolution of boundary faults controlled the development and distribution of sedimentary facies,therefore it influenced,the macro-distribution of hydrocarbon.It is concluded that the southern slope zone could be a prospective zone for hydrocarbon exploration and the local structural belts controlled by early-base faults should be most prospective targets of oil exploration.
引文
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[3]周海民,董月霞,谢占安等.断陷盆地精细勘探——渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷精细勘探实践与认识[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004.56～63.
[4]周海民,张玮,谢占安等.断陷盆地大面积三维叠前时间偏移连片处理的地质意义及关键技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(6):693～699.
[5]谢占安,周海民.南堡凹陷高柳地区二次三维地震采集技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(4):444～447.
[6]周海民,魏忠文,曹中宏等.南堡凹陷的形成演化与油气的关系[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(4):345～349.
[7]石振荣,葛云龙,秦风启.南堡凹陷北部断裂特征动力学分析[J].断块油气藏,2000,7(4):1～4.
[8]徐安娜,郑红菊,董月霞等.南堡凹陷东营组层序地层格架及沉积相预测[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(4):437～443.
[9]Harding T P,Lowell J D.Structural styles,their plate-tectonic habitats,and hydrocarbon traps in petroleum provinces[J].AAPG Bulletin,1979,63(7):1016～1058.
[10]Wernicke B,Burchfiel B C.Modes of extensional tectonics[J].Journal of Structural Geology,1982,4:104～115.
[11]McClay K R,Ellis P G.Analogue models of extensional fault geometries[J].Geological Society Special Publication,1987,28:109～125.
[12]McClay K R.Physical models of structural styles during extension[A].Tankard and Balkwill.Extensional Tectonics of the North Atlantic Margins[C].AAPG Memoir46,London,1989.
[13]Xiao HB,Supper J.Origin of rollover[J].AAPG Bulletin,1992,76(3):509～529.
[14]王家豪,王华,周海民等.河北南堡凹陷老爷庙油田构造活动与油气富集[J].现代地质,2002,16(2):205～208.
[15]周海民,董月霞,刘蕴华等.断陷盆地油气勘探理论与实践——以渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷为例[M].东营:中国石油大学出版社,2005.161～173.
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