滨里海盆地盐下构造假象识别及真实形态恢复
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摘要
滨里海盆地盐下石炭系碳酸盐岩地层上部普遍发育有巨厚盐岩丘(盐层厚度变化从数十米到3700m不等)。由于盐丘和围岩间存在巨大的速度差异,因此导致盐体本身和下伏地层在常规地震资料中出现反射品质降低、构造失真、畸变(如盐下石炭系目的层地震反射层在盐丘部位出现构造上拉现象),消除盐层的影响是含盐油气盆地勘探的重要课题。通过盐下构造解释方法的研究,总结出了一套适合于盐丘发育区盐下构造假象识别及真实形态恢复技术方法,包括速度分析、模型正演、假断层识别、古构造恢复等前沿技术。这些技术对于恢复盐下地层相对真实的构造形态具有重要意义,应用效果十分显著。
There are massive salt domes of great thickness,which ranges from several dozen meters to 3,700 meters,in pre-salt Carboniferous carbonate reservoirs of the Pre-Caspian Basin.The big velocity difference between salt domes and surrounding rocks leads to poor reflection and distortion of salt bodies and substrata.For example,structural pull-up of lower seismic reflection zones in pre-salt Carboniferous target strata appears in the salt domes. To eliminate the effect of salt layers becomes an important task for exploration in salt-bearing oil and gas basins.Based on the study ofpre-salt structure interpreting methods,a set of technologies used for pre-salt pseudo structures identification and real shapes restoration in salt dome areas are developed, including the velocity analyzing technology,the forward modeling technology,the technology for pseudo fault identification,and the technology for paleostructure restoration.All these technologies are significant to the restoration of relatively real shapes of pre-salt formations,and good application results are obtained.
There are massive salt domes of great thickness,which ranges from several dozen meters to 3,700 meters,in pre-salt Carboniferous carbonate reservoirs of the Pre-Caspian Basin.The big velocity difference between salt domes and surrounding rocks leads to poor reflection and distortion of salt bodies and substrata.For example,structural pull-up of lower seismic reflection zones in pre-salt Carboniferous target strata appears in the salt domes. To eliminate the effect of salt layers becomes an important task for exploration in salt-bearing oil and gas basins.Based on the study ofpre-salt structure interpreting methods,a set of technologies used for pre-salt pseudo structures identification and real shapes restoration in salt dome areas are developed, including the velocity analyzing technology,the forward modeling technology,the technology for pseudo fault identification,and the technology for paleostructure restoration.All these technologies are significant to the restoration of relatively real shapes of pre-salt formations,and good application results are obtained.
引文
[1]马新华，等．含盐油气盆地[M]．北京：石油工业出版社，2000．
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[5]王燮培，等．石油勘探构造分析[M]．武汉：中国地质大学出版社，1992．
[2]张红军，沈阳．陆上盐丘成像技术研究[J]．石油地球物理勘探，2003，38(增刊)：47～51．
[3]赵澄林，等．沉积岩石学[M]．北京：石油工业出版社，2001．
[4]陆基孟．地震勘探原理[M]．东营：石油大学出版社，1993．
[5]王燮培，等．石油勘探构造分析[M]．武汉：中国地质大学出版社，1992．
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