基于射线参数估计的快速2D Kirchhoff叠前深度偏移
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摘要
叠前深度偏移是油气勘探领域解决复杂地震构造成像问题的主要手段。这里介绍一种基于射线参数估计的快速2D Kirchhoff叠前深度偏移方法。该方法根据炮点和接收点的相对位置,对入射波的射线参数进行先验约束,辅以设定振幅阈值,仅对主要反射事件进行偏移等,显著减小了射线追踪计算,较传统Kirchhoff叠前深度偏移显著提高了偏移成像效率。数值模拟计算结果表明,该算法能正确对复杂构造进行快速成像。这里介绍的快速Kirchhoff叠前深度偏移方法,可用于野外现场质量监控与精确偏移成像前的速度分析与建模。
Pre-stack depth migration is the one of the most important technique for the imaging of the complex subsurface structure.The paper presents a high-efficiency 2D Kirchhoff pre-stack depth migration technique based on ray parameter estimation.By setting constraint on the ray parameters of the incident waves and setting threshold on the reflection events to take into count,the algorithm reduces markedly the ray tracing calculation cost.Numerical tests show that the algorithm is of capability of rapid imaging of complex subsurface structure and can been used in the field real-time imaging and fast velocity analysis.
Pre-stack depth migration is the one of the most important technique for the imaging of the complex subsurface structure.The paper presents a high-efficiency 2D Kirchhoff pre-stack depth migration technique based on ray parameter estimation.By setting constraint on the ray parameters of the incident waves and setting threshold on the reflection events to take into count,the algorithm reduces markedly the ray tracing calculation cost.Numerical tests show that the algorithm is of capability of rapid imaging of complex subsurface structure and can been used in the field real-time imaging and fast velocity analysis.
引文
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[2]张钋,李幼铭,刘洪.几类叠前偏移方法的研究现状[J].地球物理学进展,2000(2):30.
[3]张铁强,王正和.叠前深度偏移在复杂构造模型成像中的应用[J].物探化探计算技术,2007,29(4):281.
[4]贺振华.反射地震资料偏移处理与反演[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,1989:74.
[5]HAGEDOORN J G.Aprocess of seismic reflection inter-pretation[J].Geophys.Prosp.,1954,2:85.
[6]SCHNEIDER W A.Integral formulation for migration intwo and three dimensions[J].Geophysics,1978,43:49.
[7]CARTER J A,FRAZER L N.Accommodating lateral ve-locity changes in Kirchhoff migration by means of Fermat's principe[J].Geophysics,1984,49:46.
[8]KEHO TH,BEYDOUN W B.Paraxial ray Kirchhoff mi-gration[J].Geophysics,1988,53:1540.
[9]GRAY S H,MAY W P.Kirchhoff migration usingeikonal equation traveltime[J].Geophysics,1994,59:810.
[10]EPILI D,MCMECHAN G A.Implementation of 3-Dprestack Kirchhoff migration,with application to datafrom the Ouachita frontal thrust zone[J].Geophysics,1996,61:1400.
[11]HUA B L,MCMECHAN G A.Parsimonious Kirchhoffdepth migration[J].Internat.Mtg.Expanded Abstract,Soc.Expl.Geophys,1999,69:1382.
[12]HUA B L,MCMECHAN G A.Parsimonious 2-D post-stack Kirchhoff depth migration[J].Geophysics.2001,66:1497.
[13]张文生,何樵登.有限差分法精确计算地震走时[J].物探化探计算技术,1996,18(4):331.
[14]徐广民.复杂介质常梯度射线追踪方法研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(3):265.
[15]LANGAN R T,LERCHE I.Tracing of rays through he-teregeneous media:An accurate and effiecient proce-durce[J].Geophysics.1985,50(9):1456
[16]杨文采.地球物理反演的理论与方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1997.
[17]孙成禹.非零炮检距菲涅尔带研究[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2005,29(1):26.
[2]张钋,李幼铭,刘洪.几类叠前偏移方法的研究现状[J].地球物理学进展,2000(2):30.
[3]张铁强,王正和.叠前深度偏移在复杂构造模型成像中的应用[J].物探化探计算技术,2007,29(4):281.
[4]贺振华.反射地震资料偏移处理与反演[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,1989:74.
[5]HAGEDOORN J G.Aprocess of seismic reflection inter-pretation[J].Geophys.Prosp.,1954,2:85.
[6]SCHNEIDER W A.Integral formulation for migration intwo and three dimensions[J].Geophysics,1978,43:49.
[7]CARTER J A,FRAZER L N.Accommodating lateral ve-locity changes in Kirchhoff migration by means of Fermat's principe[J].Geophysics,1984,49:46.
[8]KEHO TH,BEYDOUN W B.Paraxial ray Kirchhoff mi-gration[J].Geophysics,1988,53:1540.
[9]GRAY S H,MAY W P.Kirchhoff migration usingeikonal equation traveltime[J].Geophysics,1994,59:810.
[10]EPILI D,MCMECHAN G A.Implementation of 3-Dprestack Kirchhoff migration,with application to datafrom the Ouachita frontal thrust zone[J].Geophysics,1996,61:1400.
[11]HUA B L,MCMECHAN G A.Parsimonious Kirchhoffdepth migration[J].Internat.Mtg.Expanded Abstract,Soc.Expl.Geophys,1999,69:1382.
[12]HUA B L,MCMECHAN G A.Parsimonious 2-D post-stack Kirchhoff depth migration[J].Geophysics.2001,66:1497.
[13]张文生,何樵登.有限差分法精确计算地震走时[J].物探化探计算技术,1996,18(4):331.
[14]徐广民.复杂介质常梯度射线追踪方法研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(3):265.
[15]LANGAN R T,LERCHE I.Tracing of rays through he-teregeneous media:An accurate and effiecient proce-durce[J].Geophysics.1985,50(9):1456
[16]杨文采.地球物理反演的理论与方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1997.
[17]孙成禹.非零炮检距菲涅尔带研究[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2005,29(1):26.
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