库车坳陷克拉苏构造带的结构模型及其形成机制
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摘要
库车坳陷克拉苏构造带是一个NEE-近EW向的冲断褶皱带。由于地表条件和构造变形的复杂性导致该构造带的地震资料品质较低,造成构造解释的多解性。本文在综合分析地面露头、区域构造背景、钻井和地震资料基础上,讨论了克拉苏构造带可能的构造解释模型,认为浅层为盖层滑脱褶皱、深层为基底卷入的楔状叠瓦构造的"分层滑脱、垂向叠置"模型能合理地解释现有可靠的构造信息。浅层构造是以库姆格列木群膏盐岩层为核或以侏罗系煤系地层为核的滑脱背斜,并被逆冲断层破坏;深层是基底卷入的中-高角度区域性反转正断层,并且在反转正断层下盘发育楔状叠瓦构造。新近纪-第四纪天山隆升产生的自天山深层向库车坳陷的斜向向上的挤压作用导致先存区域性正断层的反转位移,并控制克拉苏构造带的形成和演化。
Kelasu structure zone in Kuqa depression is a contractional deformation zone,which is composed of folds and thrusts trending NEE to E-W.The varied topography and complex structure lead to the poor resolution seismic data so that it is difficult to interpret the structure using the seismic data.On the basis of geological map in surface,well and seismic data,we discuss the structural interpretation model,and conclude that the model of "detachment fold pile on the top of basement-involved thrust" could be more reasonable.The anticline in the shallower level detached in the salt-gypsum rock of the Paleaocene-Eocene Kumogelie Group or the Jurassic coal-bearing strata and break thrust developed in the anticline,but the deeper under the salt-gypsum rock developed a set of thrusts dipping to North and assembled to a wedge imbricate fan.The tailing fault in the imbricate fan is a basement-involved thrust with middle-high angle,and could be the master thrust as a result of pre-exist regional normal faults inverted.The inverted action of basement-involved normal faults induced the formation of wedged imbricate fan on the foot wall.The regional oblique-up compression from Tianshan to Kuqa as a result of uplift of Tianshan during Neogene and Quaternary,impels the pre-existing normal fault to invert and controlling the formation and evolution of Kelasu play zone.
Kelasu structure zone in Kuqa depression is a contractional deformation zone,which is composed of folds and thrusts trending NEE to E-W.The varied topography and complex structure lead to the poor resolution seismic data so that it is difficult to interpret the structure using the seismic data.On the basis of geological map in surface,well and seismic data,we discuss the structural interpretation model,and conclude that the model of "detachment fold pile on the top of basement-involved thrust" could be more reasonable.The anticline in the shallower level detached in the salt-gypsum rock of the Paleaocene-Eocene Kumogelie Group or the Jurassic coal-bearing strata and break thrust developed in the anticline,but the deeper under the salt-gypsum rock developed a set of thrusts dipping to North and assembled to a wedge imbricate fan.The tailing fault in the imbricate fan is a basement-involved thrust with middle-high angle,and could be the master thrust as a result of pre-exist regional normal faults inverted.The inverted action of basement-involved normal faults induced the formation of wedged imbricate fan on the foot wall.The regional oblique-up compression from Tianshan to Kuqa as a result of uplift of Tianshan during Neogene and Quaternary,impels the pre-existing normal fault to invert and controlling the formation and evolution of Kelasu play zone.
引文
贾东,卢华夏,蔡东升,陈楚铭.1997.塔里木盆地北缘库车前陆褶皱-冲断构造分析.大地构造与成矿学,21(1):1-8.
贾承造,陈汉林,杨树锋,卢华复,周宇章.2003.库车坳陷晚白垩世隆升过程及其地质响应.石油学报,24(3):1-5.
贾承造,魏国齐.2003.“九五”期间塔里木盆地构造研究成果概述.石油勘探与开发,30(1):11-14.
金文正,汤良杰,王清华,余一欣,万桂梅,杨文静,彭更新,雷刚林.2007.库车前陆盆地东秋里塔格构造带构造分段特征.大地构造与成矿学,31(3):300-307.
卢华复,陈楚铭,刘志宏,贾东,王国强,贾承造.2000.库车再生前陆逆冲带的构造特征与成因.石油学报,21(3):18-24.
刘志宏,卢华复,贾承造,胡中全,徐晓星.1999.库车前陆盆地克拉苏构造带的构造特征与油气.长春科技大学学报,29(3):215-221.
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王清晨,张仲培,林伟.2003.库车盆地-天山边界的晚第三纪断层活动性质与应力状态.科学通报,48(24):2553-2559.
王庭斌.2004.中国气藏主要形成、定型于新近纪以来的构造运动.石油与天然气地质,25(2):126-132.
汪新,贾承造,杨树锋.2002a.南天山库车褶皱冲断带构造几何学和运动学.地质科学,37(3):372-384.
汪新,贾承造,杨树锋,AureliaHubert-Ferrari,JohnSuppe.2002b.南天山库车冲断褶皱带构造变形时间——以库车河地区为例.地质学报,76(1):55-63.
余一欣,汤良杰,杨文静,陈书平,彭更新,雷刚林.2007.库车坳陷盐相关构造与有利油气勘探领域.大地构造与成矿学,31(4):404-411.
张仲培,林伟,王清晨.2003.库车坳陷克拉苏-依奇克里克构造带的构造演化.大地构造与成矿学,27(4):327-336.
Costa E and Vendeville B C.2002.The control of pre-existingextensional structures on the evolution of the southern sectorof the Aconcagua fold and thrust belt,southern Andes.Journal ofStructural Geology,24(11):1729-1739.
Jia Dong,Lu Huafu,Cai Dongsheng,Wu Shimin,Shi Yangsh-en and Chen Chuming.1998.Structural features of northernTarim Basin;implications for regional tectonics and petro-leum traps.AAPG Bulletin,82(1):147-159.
Laura B,Giambiagi L B,Alvarez P P,Godoy E and Ramos VA.2003.The control of pre-existing extensional structureson the evolution of the southern sector of the Aconcaguafold and thrust belt,southern Andes.Tectonophysics,369(1-2,3):1-19.
Xu Chunming and Zhou Xinyuan.2007.Seismic interpretation ofthe Kelasu triangle zone in the southern Tian Shan foothills,northwestern China.AAPG Bulletin,91(2):161-171.
贾承造,陈汉林,杨树锋,卢华复,周宇章.2003.库车坳陷晚白垩世隆升过程及其地质响应.石油学报,24(3):1-5.
贾承造,魏国齐.2003.“九五”期间塔里木盆地构造研究成果概述.石油勘探与开发,30(1):11-14.
金文正,汤良杰,王清华,余一欣,万桂梅,杨文静,彭更新,雷刚林.2007.库车前陆盆地东秋里塔格构造带构造分段特征.大地构造与成矿学,31(3):300-307.
卢华复,陈楚铭,刘志宏,贾东,王国强,贾承造.2000.库车再生前陆逆冲带的构造特征与成因.石油学报,21(3):18-24.
刘志宏,卢华复,贾承造,胡中全,徐晓星.1999.库车前陆盆地克拉苏构造带的构造特征与油气.长春科技大学学报,29(3):215-221.
孙家振,李兰斌,周新源,皮学军.2003.塔里木盆地库车凹陷克拉苏构造带典型构造样式与变形机理分析.石油实验地质,25(3):247-251.
孙龙德,李曰俊,宋文杰,田作基,王国林,邬光辉.2002.塔里木盆地北部构造与油气分布规律.地质科学,37(增刊):1-13.
王清晨,张仲培,林伟.2003.库车盆地-天山边界的晚第三纪断层活动性质与应力状态.科学通报,48(24):2553-2559.
王庭斌.2004.中国气藏主要形成、定型于新近纪以来的构造运动.石油与天然气地质,25(2):126-132.
汪新,贾承造,杨树锋.2002a.南天山库车褶皱冲断带构造几何学和运动学.地质科学,37(3):372-384.
汪新,贾承造,杨树锋,AureliaHubert-Ferrari,JohnSuppe.2002b.南天山库车冲断褶皱带构造变形时间——以库车河地区为例.地质学报,76(1):55-63.
余一欣,汤良杰,杨文静,陈书平,彭更新,雷刚林.2007.库车坳陷盐相关构造与有利油气勘探领域.大地构造与成矿学,31(4):404-411.
张仲培,林伟,王清晨.2003.库车坳陷克拉苏-依奇克里克构造带的构造演化.大地构造与成矿学,27(4):327-336.
Costa E and Vendeville B C.2002.The control of pre-existingextensional structures on the evolution of the southern sectorof the Aconcagua fold and thrust belt,southern Andes.Journal ofStructural Geology,24(11):1729-1739.
Jia Dong,Lu Huafu,Cai Dongsheng,Wu Shimin,Shi Yangsh-en and Chen Chuming.1998.Structural features of northernTarim Basin;implications for regional tectonics and petro-leum traps.AAPG Bulletin,82(1):147-159.
Laura B,Giambiagi L B,Alvarez P P,Godoy E and Ramos VA.2003.The control of pre-existing extensional structureson the evolution of the southern sector of the Aconcaguafold and thrust belt,southern Andes.Tectonophysics,369(1-2,3):1-19.
Xu Chunming and Zhou Xinyuan.2007.Seismic interpretation ofthe Kelasu triangle zone in the southern Tian Shan foothills,northwestern China.AAPG Bulletin,91(2):161-171.
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