松辽盆地北部四方台组—明水组高精度层序地层特征与有利区带预测
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摘要
应用沉积学和层序地层学的原理和方法,利用地震、测(录)井、岩芯、露头、古气候及古生物等资料,通过地震合成记录标定,结合盆地区域构造演化特征分析,在松辽盆地北部四方台组—明水组共识别出区域不整合面、古暴露界面、河道侵蚀冲刷面、地层叠加型式转换面4类层序界面,并识别划分出1个新的超层序界面SB4,最终将四方台组—明水组划分为1个超层序组,2个超层序(SSQ1和SSQ2),6个三级层序(SQ1-SQ6),17个体系域,建立高精度层序地层格架。盆地北部层序地层格架内沉积充填演化规律为:层序SQ1～SQ3(SSQ1)沉积时期,盆地主要发育南北向长轴物源的河流及滨浅湖沉积;层序SQ4～SQ6(SSQ2)沉积时期,盆地主要发育东西向短轴物源的辫状河三角洲及滨浅湖沉积;从四方台组时期开始,盆地沉积中心向西北方向不断迁移。根据层序地层格架内的储盖组合分布及成藏条件综合分析可知:纵向上四方台组时期层序SQ1发育本区最有利的储盖组合,而大安—新站地区SQ1低位体系域厚层河床砂岩为本区最有利的油气聚集区带,最有可能形成构造-岩性次生油气藏。
According to seismic, logging, core, outcrop palaeoclimate and palaeontologic data, synthetic seismogram was used to demarcate and analyze the area structure evolution characteristic, and using concept and method of sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy, four types of sequence boundaries were identified,including regional unconformity surface, exposure surface, channel scouring and eroding surface and formation stacking transformation surface, and a new supersequence boundary SB4 was also divided. The results show that Sifangtai to Mingshui formation in the north of Songliao Basin finally can be divided into one supersequence group, two supersequences(SSQ1 and SSQ2), six sequences(SQ1-SQ6) and seventy systems tracts and the high resolution sequence stratigraphic framework is also established. The rule of sediment fill and evolution in the sequence stratigraphic framework in the north of the basin is as follows: In the deposition period of sequence SQ1 to SQ3, the basin mainly develops fluvial and coastal-shallow lake facies where provenance's direction is in the direction of SN along the long axis of the basin, while in the deposition period of sequence SQ4 to SQ6, the basin mainly develops braid river delta and costal-shallow lake facies where provenance is in the direction of EW along the short axis of the basin. The basin's deposit center has also constantly migrated to the northwest from the beginning of the Sifangtai formation. Based on the comprehensive research on the reservoir-cap combination distribution of sequence stratigraphy framework and the conditions of the migration, accumulation of oil and gas show that sequence SQ1 of Sifangtai formation develops the most favorable reservoir-cap combination, and the thick bedded channel sand of the lowstand systems tract of sequence SQ1 in Da'an—Xinzhan area is the most favorable hydrocarbon accumulation area which probably develops structural-lithologic secondary hydrocarbon reservoir.
According to seismic, logging, core, outcrop palaeoclimate and palaeontologic data, synthetic seismogram was used to demarcate and analyze the area structure evolution characteristic, and using concept and method of sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy, four types of sequence boundaries were identified,including regional unconformity surface, exposure surface, channel scouring and eroding surface and formation stacking transformation surface, and a new supersequence boundary SB4 was also divided. The results show that Sifangtai to Mingshui formation in the north of Songliao Basin finally can be divided into one supersequence group, two supersequences(SSQ1 and SSQ2), six sequences(SQ1-SQ6) and seventy systems tracts and the high resolution sequence stratigraphic framework is also established. The rule of sediment fill and evolution in the sequence stratigraphic framework in the north of the basin is as follows: In the deposition period of sequence SQ1 to SQ3, the basin mainly develops fluvial and coastal-shallow lake facies where provenance's direction is in the direction of SN along the long axis of the basin, while in the deposition period of sequence SQ4 to SQ6, the basin mainly develops braid river delta and costal-shallow lake facies where provenance is in the direction of EW along the short axis of the basin. The basin's deposit center has also constantly migrated to the northwest from the beginning of the Sifangtai formation. Based on the comprehensive research on the reservoir-cap combination distribution of sequence stratigraphy framework and the conditions of the migration, accumulation of oil and gas show that sequence SQ1 of Sifangtai formation develops the most favorable reservoir-cap combination, and the thick bedded channel sand of the lowstand systems tract of sequence SQ1 in Da'an—Xinzhan area is the most favorable hydrocarbon accumulation area which probably develops structural-lithologic secondary hydrocarbon reservoir.
引文
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[14]林畅松,张燕梅,刘景彦,等.高精度层序地层学和储层预测[J].地学前缘,2000,7(3):111-117.LIN Chang-song,ZHANG Yan-mei,LIU Jing-yan,et al.Resolution sequence stratigraphy and reservoir prediction[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2000,7(3):111-117.
[15]侯贵廷,冯大晨,王文明,等.松辽盆地的反转构造作用及其对油气成藏的影响[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(1):49-53.HOU Gui-ting,FENG Da-chen,WANG Wen-ming,et al.Reverse structures and their impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation in Songliao Basin[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2004,25(1):49-53.
[16]Bourquin S,Peron S,Durand M.Lower Triassic sequence stratigraphy of the western part of the Germanic Basin(west of Black Forest):Fluvial system evolution through time and space[J].Sedimentary Geology,2006,186(3/4):187-211.
[17]KUANG Li-xiong,GUO Jian-hua,HUANG Tai-zhu.Forming mechanism of hydrocarbon reservoirs in Yingshan formation of Yuqi block in Akekule arch,Tarim Basin[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology,2008,15(2):244-250.
[2]李树青,王英民,王岩,等.构造反转期层序划分和可容纳空间的变化机制—以松辽盆地北部晚白垩世构造反转期为例[J].地质科技情报,2007,26(3):1-6.LI Shu-qing,WANG Ying-min,WANG Yan,et al.Sequence classification and accommodation change mechanism in structure reverse period:An example from late cretaceous structure reverse period of northern Songliao Basin[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2007,26(3):1-6.
[3]李树青,王英民,李志军.松辽盆地北部浅层层序地层划分与油气特征[J].西南石油大学学报,2007,29(S1):12-15.LI Shu-qing,WANG Ying-min,LI Zhi-jun.Sequence stratigraphy classification and hydrocarbon features in the shallow layers,north Sonliao Basin[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University,2007,29(S1):12-15.
[4]胡望水,吕炳全,张文军,等.松辽盆地构造演化及成盆动力学探讨[J].地质科学,2005,40(1):16-31.HU Wang-shui,LüBing-quan,ZHANG Wen-jun,et al.An approach to tectonic evolution and dynamics of the Songliao Basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2005,40(1):16-31.
[5]Vall P R,Audemard F,Browman S A,et al.The stratigraphic signatures of tectonics,eustacy:An sedimentology and overview[C]//Einsele G,et al.Cycles and Events in Stratigraphy.Heidelberg:Springer-Verlag,1991:617-659.
[6]孙钰,钟建华,姜再兴,等.松辽盆地南部坳陷期层序地层研究[J].中国石油大学学报,2006,30(5):1-7.SUN Yu,ZHONG Jian-hua,JIANG Zai-xing,et al.Study of sequence stratigraphy of depression period in southern Songliao Basin[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,2006,30(5):1-7.
[7]朱筱敏,康安,王贵文.陆相坳陷型和断陷行湖盆层序地层样式探讨[J].沉积学报,2003,21(2):283-287.ZHU Xiao-min,KANG An,WANG Gui-wen.Sequence stratigraphic models of depression and faulted-down lake Basins[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2003,21(2):283-287.
[8]Shanley K W,McCabe P J.Perspectives on the sequence stratigraphy of continental strata[J].AAPG Bulletin,1994,78(4):544-568.
[9]刘招君,董清水,王嗣敏,等.陆相层序地层学导论与应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002:113-137.LIU Zhao-jun,DONG Qing-shui,WANG Si-min,et al.Introduction to continental sequence stratigraphy and application[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2002:113-137.
[10]郭巍,刘招君,董惠民,等.松辽盆地层序地层特征及油气聚集规律[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2004,34(2):216-221.GUO Wei,LIU Zhao-jun,DONG Hui-min,et al.The sequence stratigraphic features and hydrocarbon accumulation of Songliao Basin[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2004,34(2):216-221.
[11]黄清华,黄福堂,侯启军.松辽盆地晚中生代生物演化与环境变化[J].石油勘探与开发,1999,26(4):1-4.HUANG Qing-hua,HUANG Fu-tang,HOU Qi-jun,et al.The late Mesozoic bio-evolution and environmental changes in Songliao Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1999,26(4):1-4.
[12]卓弘春,林春明,李艳丽,等.松辽盆地北部上白垩统青山口—姚家组沉积相及层序地层界面特征[J].沉积学报,2007,25(1):29-38.ZHUO Hong-chun,LIN Chun-ming,LI Yan-li,et al.Characteristics of sedimentary facies and sequence boundary in upper Cretaceous Qingshankou—Yaojia formation of northern Songliao Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2007,25(1):29-38.
[13]Tamayo J C S,Sierra G M,Correa L G.Tectonic and climate driven fluctuations in the stratigraphic base level of a Cenozoic continental coal basin,northwestern Andes[J].Journal of South American Earth Sciences,2008,26(4):369-382.
[14]林畅松,张燕梅,刘景彦,等.高精度层序地层学和储层预测[J].地学前缘,2000,7(3):111-117.LIN Chang-song,ZHANG Yan-mei,LIU Jing-yan,et al.Resolution sequence stratigraphy and reservoir prediction[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2000,7(3):111-117.
[15]侯贵廷,冯大晨,王文明,等.松辽盆地的反转构造作用及其对油气成藏的影响[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(1):49-53.HOU Gui-ting,FENG Da-chen,WANG Wen-ming,et al.Reverse structures and their impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation in Songliao Basin[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2004,25(1):49-53.
[16]Bourquin S,Peron S,Durand M.Lower Triassic sequence stratigraphy of the western part of the Germanic Basin(west of Black Forest):Fluvial system evolution through time and space[J].Sedimentary Geology,2006,186(3/4):187-211.
[17]KUANG Li-xiong,GUO Jian-hua,HUANG Tai-zhu.Forming mechanism of hydrocarbon reservoirs in Yingshan formation of Yuqi block in Akekule arch,Tarim Basin[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology,2008,15(2):244-250.
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