黄河三角洲入海口地区近地表地层特征与沉积模式
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摘要
以黄河三角洲入海口地区为研究对象,采用岩性取心和静力触探等方法,对入海口地区黄河三角洲浅层沉积特征进行了分析。沉积相带主要以河道、决口扇、泛滥平原、潮坪为主,垂向序列类型主要为河口砂席-三角洲侧缘型和河口砂席-三角洲侧缘-砂席型两种。其中,入海口地区东北方向垂向序列主要以河口砂席-三角洲侧缘型为主;在西北方向,以河口砂席-三角洲侧缘-砂席型为为主。由此,提出了黄河三角洲发育的沉积模式。该认识不仅为本地区高密度地震采集提供了定量的表层地球物理参数,而且为层序地层学研究提供了一个实例。
This paper focused on the estuary area of the Yellow River Delta,applied the methods of lithology coring and cone penetration testing and analyzed the sedimentary characteristics of the shallow strata of the delta.The sedimentary facies tracts mainly include river channel,crevasse splay,floodplain and tide flat.There are mainly two vertical sequence types:the estuary sand sheet-lateral margin of delta and the estuary sand sheet-lateral margin of delta-sand sheet,of which the former is predominant in the northern part of the estuary area,while the latter is predominant in the northwestern part.Based on these facts,we have proposed the sedimentary model for the development of the Yellow River Delta.This model not only offers quantitative surface geophysical parameters for high-density seismic acquisition,but also provides an example for the study of sequence stratigraphy.
This paper focused on the estuary area of the Yellow River Delta,applied the methods of lithology coring and cone penetration testing and analyzed the sedimentary characteristics of the shallow strata of the delta.The sedimentary facies tracts mainly include river channel,crevasse splay,floodplain and tide flat.There are mainly two vertical sequence types:the estuary sand sheet-lateral margin of delta and the estuary sand sheet-lateral margin of delta-sand sheet,of which the former is predominant in the northern part of the estuary area,while the latter is predominant in the northwestern part.Based on these facts,we have proposed the sedimentary model for the development of the Yellow River Delta.This model not only offers quantitative surface geophysical parameters for high-density seismic acquisition,but also provides an example for the study of sequence stratigraphy.
引文
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8Coleman J M.Delta processes of deposition and models for explo-ration[M].Second Edition.Boston,1982
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11张进,刘怀山,童思友.黄河口现代海洋沉积高分辨率地震地层学研究[J].海洋地质动态,2004,20(5):1～5
12李宏伟,袁士义,朱怡翔,等.河流相地层相分异与沉积物体积分配规律[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(3):356～360
13高志勇,韩国猛,张丽华.河流相沉积中的准层序——以四川中部须家河组为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(1):59～68
14孟万斌,张善文,田波,等.沾化凹陷五号桩地区沙河街组三段浊流沉积特征及储集性能[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(4):504～510
15胡学智,鲍志东,那未红,等.松辽盆地南部扶余油田泉头组四段沉积相研究[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(3):334～341
2成国栋.黄河三角洲现代沉积作用及模式[M].北京:地质出版社,1991
3薛春汀.现代黄河三角洲叶瓣的划分和识别[J].地理研究,1994,13(2):59～66
4任于灿,董万.现代黄河三角洲地貌特征[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1987,7(增刊):19～28
5高善明,李元芳,安凤桐,等.黄河三角洲形成和沉积环境[M].北京:科学出版社,1989
6曾允孚.沉积岩石学[M].北京:地质出版社,1986
7钟建华.黄河三角洲上的3种典型沉积构造[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),1996,(增刊):506～510
8Coleman J M.Delta processes of deposition and models for explo-ration[M].Second Edition.Boston,1982
9叶青超.黄河三角洲的地貌结构及发育模式[J].地理学报,1982,37(4):349～362
10钟建华,马在平.黄河三角洲胜利Ⅰ号心滩的研究[J].沉积学报,1998,16(3):38～43
11张进,刘怀山,童思友.黄河口现代海洋沉积高分辨率地震地层学研究[J].海洋地质动态,2004,20(5):1～5
12李宏伟,袁士义,朱怡翔,等.河流相地层相分异与沉积物体积分配规律[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(3):356～360
13高志勇,韩国猛,张丽华.河流相沉积中的准层序——以四川中部须家河组为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(1):59～68
14孟万斌,张善文,田波,等.沾化凹陷五号桩地区沙河街组三段浊流沉积特征及储集性能[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(4):504～510
15胡学智,鲍志东,那未红,等.松辽盆地南部扶余油田泉头组四段沉积相研究[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(3):334～341
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