频谱代换无拉伸动校正方法研究
|
摘要
动校正拉伸是地震资料处理的一个基本问题,解决拉伸问题的处理方法是切除.现代地震数据大多为长排列采集,动校正拉伸更为严重.依据褶积模型和Fourier变换的基本性质,本文给出频谱代换无拉伸动校正方法.算法实现就是将CMP道集变换到频率域,取参考道的相位谱替换其它偏移距道的相位,同时保持其振幅谱不变,再做Fourier反变换就得到动校正后的地震剖面.通过其实现过程可知该方法不需要地下介质的速度信息,算法可完全自动实现,且具有较高的计算效率.频谱代换无拉伸动校正可适用于任何偏移距的地震资料,而且还可有效保持地震资料的AVO效应.理论模拟数据及其叠加结果显示频谱代换法的有效性和实用性,同时该方法具有较强的抗随机噪音能力.
Normal moveout(NMO)stretch is a fundamental problem in seismic data processing,muting is one of attempts to solve NMO stretch.The long offset is adopted in modern seismic acquisition,therefore NMO stretch is more severe in seismic processing.The spectral borrowing stretch-free NMO approach is proposed in this paper based on convolutional model and the properties of Fourier transform.Transform the CMP to temporal frequency domain,take the minimum-offset-trace as reference trace,and borrows that phase spectrum to substitute the original traces in CMP gather.The proposed technique need no stack velocity data of formation under investigation,the given method can finish NMO processing automatically,and has high efficiency in calculation.The spectral borrowing stretch-free approach can keep the AVO effect unaffected during the course of NMO processing,and also process whatever long offset seismic data easily.Theoretical model seismic data NMO and the stack result demonstrate that the proposed technique is validity and applicable,and the spectral borrowing stretch-free NMO approach can process noisy seismic data.
Normal moveout(NMO)stretch is a fundamental problem in seismic data processing,muting is one of attempts to solve NMO stretch.The long offset is adopted in modern seismic acquisition,therefore NMO stretch is more severe in seismic processing.The spectral borrowing stretch-free NMO approach is proposed in this paper based on convolutional model and the properties of Fourier transform.Transform the CMP to temporal frequency domain,take the minimum-offset-trace as reference trace,and borrows that phase spectrum to substitute the original traces in CMP gather.The proposed technique need no stack velocity data of formation under investigation,the given method can finish NMO processing automatically,and has high efficiency in calculation.The spectral borrowing stretch-free approach can keep the AVO effect unaffected during the course of NMO processing,and also process whatever long offset seismic data easily.Theoretical model seismic data NMO and the stack result demonstrate that the proposed technique is validity and applicable,and the spectral borrowing stretch-free NMO approach can process noisy seismic data.
引文
[1]Branes A E.Another look at NMO stretch[J].Geophysics,1992,57:749~751.
[2]Miller R D.Normal moveout stretch mute on shallow reflec-tion data[J].Geophysics,1992,57:1502~1507.
[3]曹文俊,李振春,王小六.广角地震处理方法研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(2):296~299.
[4]张军华,吕宁,田连玉,等.地震资料去噪方法技术综合评述[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):546~553.
[5]田文辉,李振春,孙小东.对共反射面叠加的进一步探讨[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3):932~937.
[6]Castoro A,White R E,Thomas R.Thin-bed AVO:compen-sating for the effects of NMO on reflectivity sequences[J].Ge-ophysics,2001,66:1712~1720.
[7]Trickett S R.Stretch-free stacking[J].73rd Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.of Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,2003,2008~2011.
[8]王云专,杨立伟,李素华.剩余时差校正及泊松比反演[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1):214~218.
[9]苑书金,于常青.各向异性介质中的弹性阻抗及其反演[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):520~523.
[10]李冰,刘洪,李幼铭.三维地震数据离散光滑插值的共轭梯度法[J].地球物理学报,2002,45(5):691~699.
[11]Rupert G B,Chun J H.The block move sum normal move-out correction[J].Geophysics,1975,40:17~24.
[12]Shatilo A,Aminzadeh F.Constant normal-moveout(CNMO)correction:A technique and test results[J].GeophysicalProspecting,2000,48:473~488.
[13]Hicks G J.Removing NMO stretch using the Radon and Fou-rier-Radon transforms[J].63rd Mtg:Eur,Assn.of Expl.Geophys.,2001,Session:A-18.
[14]李文莲,邓辉,闫立志.鄂尔多斯盆地北部低信噪比资料的高分辨率处理[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1059~1066.
[15]蒋鸿亮,陈湛文,陈小宏.高分辨率AVO反演技术研究[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):478~482.
[16]薛冈,王良书,胡中平.大炮检距地震资料动校正方法比较[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(2):151~155.
[17]张栋,杜清怀,许孝坤.大炮检距优化6次NMO校正[J].西北地质,2004,37(4):117~120.
[18]Shurtleff R N,Schneider W A,Mackie D A,et al.A highorder correction to NMO for improved AVO and imaging[J].66th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.of Expl.Geophys.,Ex-panded Abstracts,1996,1715~1717.
[19]庄道川,曾庆才,张亚斌,等.超大偏移距地震资料处理方法[J].西南石油学院学报.2003,25(2):11~14.
[20]Wombell R,Jones E,Priestly D,et al.Long offset acquisi-tion and processing for sub-basalt Imaging[J].69th Ann.Internat.Mtg.Soc.Expl.Geophys.Expanded Abstracts,1999,1429~1432.
[21]夏洪瑞,葛川庆,邹少峰.具有截断误差校正的广角反射NMO方法[J].石油物探,2005,44(2):154~157.
[22]Al-Moughraby B M.Seismic frequency enhancement throughspectral borrowing[J].73rd Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.ofExpl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,2003,2016~2019.
[2]Miller R D.Normal moveout stretch mute on shallow reflec-tion data[J].Geophysics,1992,57:1502~1507.
[3]曹文俊,李振春,王小六.广角地震处理方法研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(2):296~299.
[4]张军华,吕宁,田连玉,等.地震资料去噪方法技术综合评述[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):546~553.
[5]田文辉,李振春,孙小东.对共反射面叠加的进一步探讨[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3):932~937.
[6]Castoro A,White R E,Thomas R.Thin-bed AVO:compen-sating for the effects of NMO on reflectivity sequences[J].Ge-ophysics,2001,66:1712~1720.
[7]Trickett S R.Stretch-free stacking[J].73rd Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.of Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,2003,2008~2011.
[8]王云专,杨立伟,李素华.剩余时差校正及泊松比反演[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1):214~218.
[9]苑书金,于常青.各向异性介质中的弹性阻抗及其反演[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):520~523.
[10]李冰,刘洪,李幼铭.三维地震数据离散光滑插值的共轭梯度法[J].地球物理学报,2002,45(5):691~699.
[11]Rupert G B,Chun J H.The block move sum normal move-out correction[J].Geophysics,1975,40:17~24.
[12]Shatilo A,Aminzadeh F.Constant normal-moveout(CNMO)correction:A technique and test results[J].GeophysicalProspecting,2000,48:473~488.
[13]Hicks G J.Removing NMO stretch using the Radon and Fou-rier-Radon transforms[J].63rd Mtg:Eur,Assn.of Expl.Geophys.,2001,Session:A-18.
[14]李文莲,邓辉,闫立志.鄂尔多斯盆地北部低信噪比资料的高分辨率处理[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1059~1066.
[15]蒋鸿亮,陈湛文,陈小宏.高分辨率AVO反演技术研究[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):478~482.
[16]薛冈,王良书,胡中平.大炮检距地震资料动校正方法比较[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(2):151~155.
[17]张栋,杜清怀,许孝坤.大炮检距优化6次NMO校正[J].西北地质,2004,37(4):117~120.
[18]Shurtleff R N,Schneider W A,Mackie D A,et al.A highorder correction to NMO for improved AVO and imaging[J].66th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.of Expl.Geophys.,Ex-panded Abstracts,1996,1715~1717.
[19]庄道川,曾庆才,张亚斌,等.超大偏移距地震资料处理方法[J].西南石油学院学报.2003,25(2):11~14.
[20]Wombell R,Jones E,Priestly D,et al.Long offset acquisi-tion and processing for sub-basalt Imaging[J].69th Ann.Internat.Mtg.Soc.Expl.Geophys.Expanded Abstracts,1999,1429~1432.
[21]夏洪瑞,葛川庆,邹少峰.具有截断误差校正的广角反射NMO方法[J].石油物探,2005,44(2):154~157.
[22]Al-Moughraby B M.Seismic frequency enhancement throughspectral borrowing[J].73rd Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.ofExpl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,2003,2016~2019.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心