马尼拉海沟几何形态特征的构造演化意义
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摘要
通过对马尼拉海沟海底地形地貌、构造特征及其相关地震等数据资料的分析,结合俯冲带动力学数值模拟成果,尤其是Schellart等的模式,详细讨论了马尼拉海沟几何形态、海沟南北段俯冲角度突变等构造特征。分析认为,南海中代表古扩张脊的黄岩海山链的俯冲挤入对马尼拉俯冲带的几何形态没有造成较大的影响,其几何形态较符合中等长度(2000～3000km)的海沟模型。由海沟后退和板片反转引起的平行于马尼拉海沟方向的地幔流加剧了海沟南北段俯冲角度的突变。
Seafloor topography,tectonic characteristics of the Manila trench and the related earthquake focus data were analyzed.Combined with dynamics numerical simulation results for subduction zones,especially Schellart model,the tectonic characteristics of geometry shape and the sharply changing north-south dive angle for the Manila trench were particularly discussed.Study results show that Huangyan seamount chain which was representing the ancient spreading ridge in the South China Sea subducted into the Manila trench,which did not bring serious influence on the geometry shape of the Manila subduction zone,and its geometry shape corresponded with a trench model of medium length(2 000~3 000 km).Mantle flow parallel to the Manila trench caused by trench retreat and slab rollback aggravated the north-south dive angle to change sharply for the Manila trench.
Seafloor topography,tectonic characteristics of the Manila trench and the related earthquake focus data were analyzed.Combined with dynamics numerical simulation results for subduction zones,especially Schellart model,the tectonic characteristics of geometry shape and the sharply changing north-south dive angle for the Manila trench were particularly discussed.Study results show that Huangyan seamount chain which was representing the ancient spreading ridge in the South China Sea subducted into the Manila trench,which did not bring serious influence on the geometry shape of the Manila subduction zone,and its geometry shape corresponded with a trench model of medium length(2 000~3 000 km).Mantle flow parallel to the Manila trench caused by trench retreat and slab rollback aggravated the north-south dive angle to change sharply for the Manila trench.
引文
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[2]臧绍先,宁杰远,景志成.俯冲带流变性质的研究[J].中国科学D辑,2001,31(9):705-711.[ZANG Shaoxian,NI NG Jieyuan,JI NG Zhicheng.Study of the rheological characteris-tics of subduction zone[J].Science in China(Series D),2001,31(9):705-711.]
[3]周蒂,王万银,庞雄,等.地球物理资料所揭示的南海东北部中生代俯冲增生带[J].中国科学D辑,2006,36(3):209-218.[ZHOU Di,WANG Wanyin,PANG Xiong,et al.Geo-physics data revealing subduction accretionary zone of north-eastern South China Sea in Mesozoic[J].Science in China(Se-ries D),2006,36(3):209-218.]
[4]Yang T F,Lee T,Chen C H,et al.A double island arc be-tween Tai wan and Luzon:consequence of ridge subduction[J].Tectonophysics,1996,258:85-101.
[5]刘再峰,詹文欢,张志强.台湾-吕宋岛双火山弧的构造意义[J].大地构造与成矿学,2007,31(2):145-150.[LI U Zaifeng,ZHAN Wenhuan,ZHANG Zhiqiang.Tectonici mpli-cation of the double island arc between Tai wan and Luzon[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2007,31(2):145-150.]
[6]吴时国,刘文灿.东亚大陆边缘的俯冲带构造[J].地学前缘,2004,11(3):15-21.[WUShiguo,LI U Wencan.Tectonics of subduction zone in the Asia continental margin[J].Earth Sci-ence Frontiers(China University of Geoscience,Beijing),2004,11(3):15-21.]
[7]李家彪,金翔龙,阮爱国,等.马尼拉海沟增生楔中段的挤入构造[J].科学通报,2004,49(10):1000-1008.[LI Jiabiao,JI N Xianglong,RUAN Aiguo,et al.Diapiric structure of ac-cretionary middle piece in Manila trench[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2004,49(10):1000-1008.]
[8]朱俊江,丘学林,詹文欢,等.南海东部海沟的震源机制解及构造意义[J].地震学报,2005,27(3):260-268.[ZHUJun-jiang,QI U Xuelin,ZHAN Wenhuan,et al.Focal mechanism solutions andits tectonic significance in the trench of the east-ern South China Sea[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2005,27(3):260-268.]
[9]孙荀英,王仁,王其允.海沟倒退对地幔对流的影响[J].地球物理学报,1994,37(6):738-748.[SUN Xunying,WANG Ren,WANG Qiyun.Theinfluence of trenchretrogradation on mantle convection[J].Acta Geophysica Sinica,1994,37(6):738-748.]
[10]张健,石耀林.东亚陆缘带构造扩张的深部热力学机制[J].大地构造与成矿学,2003,27(3):222-227.[ZHANG Jian,SHI Yaolin.Thermodynamics of the marginal extensional belt of east Asia[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2003,27(3):222-227.]
[11]Willett S D,Beaumont C.Subduction of Asian lithospheric mantle beneath Tibet inferred from models of continental col-lision[J].Nature,1994,369:642-645.
[12]Schellart WP.Quantifyingthe net slab pull force as a driving mechanismfor plate tectonics[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,2004,31,L07611,doi:10.1029/2004GL019528.
[13]Stegman D R,Freeman J,Schellart WP,et al.Influence of trench width on subduction hinge retreat rates in3-D models of slab rollback[J].Geochem.Geophys.Geosyst.,2006,7,Q03012,doi:10.1029/2005GC001056.
[14]Schellart WP,Freeman J,Stedman D R,et al.Evolution and diversity of subduction zones controlled by slab width[J].Nature,2007,446:308-311.
[15]Russo R M,Silver P G.Trench-parallel flow beneath the Nazca Plate fromseismic anisotropy[J].Science,1994,263:1105-1111.
[16]Peyton V,Levin V,Park J,et al.Mantle flow at a slab edge:seismic anisotropy in the Kamchatka region[J].Geo-phys.Res.Lett.,2001,28:1019-1022.
[17]臧绍先,宁杰远.西太平洋俯冲带的研究及其动力学意义[J].地球物理学报,1996,39(2):188-201.[ZANG Shaox-ian,NI NGJieyuan.Study on the subduction zone in western Pacific andits i mplication for the geodynamics[J].Acta Geo-physica Sinica,1996,39(2):188-201.]
[18]丁巍伟,程晓敢,陈汉林,等.台湾增生楔的构造单元划分及其变形特征[J].热带海洋学报,2005,24(5):53-59.[DI NG Wei wei,CHENG Xiaogan,CHEN Hanlin,et al.Geological characteristics and tectonic mechanism of Tai wan accretionary prism:evidences from a multi-channel seismic profile of a“973”survey[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanogra-phy,2005,24(5):53-59.]
[19]Liu C S,Huang I L,Teng L S.Structural features off southwestern Tai wan[J].Marine Geology,1997,137:305-319.
[20]Lee T Y,Tang C H,Hsu Y Y.Structural geometry of the deformation front between22°and23°,offshore southwestern Tai wan arc-continent collision zone[J].Eos.Trans.AGU,1992,73:539.
[21]Pautot G,Rangin C.Subduction of the South China Sea axial ridge below Luzon(Philippines):Underplating process along an oblique convergent margin[J].Earth Planet Sci.Lett.,1989,92:57-69.
[22]Rangin C.South-East Asian marginal basins(South China,Sulu and Celebes Seas):New data and interpretations[C]//Jin X L,et al.eds.Marine Geology and Geophysics of the South China Sea.Beijing:China Ocean Press,1992:38-51.
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[24]Schnurle P,Liu C S,Lallemand S E,et al.Structural insight into the south Ryukyu margin:Effects of the subducting Gagua Ridge[J].Tectonophysics,1998(288):237-250.
[25]Bautista B C,Bautista MP,Oike K,et al.Anewinsight on the geometry of subducting slabs in northern Luzon,Philip-pines[J].Tectonophysics,2001,339:279-310.
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